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adult entertainment licensing ordinance because the city had made no findings on their <br />justification. The invalid enumerated offenses were controlled substances act <br />violations, bribery, robbery, kidnapping and organized criminal activity. The court <br />upheld requirements that the licensee not have been convicted of prostitution and sex- <br />related offenses, jd. at 1074. if a community seeks to require that persons with a <br />history of other crimes be denied licenses, clear findings must first be made which <br />justify denial of licenses on that basis. <br />The Dumas court also invalidated portions of the licensing ordinance permitting the <br />police chief to deny a license if he finds that the applicant "is unable to operate oir •. <br />• <br />manage a sexually oriented business premises in a peaceful and law-abiding manner* <br />or is not "presently fit to operate a sexually oriented business.* Neither provision <br />satisfied the constitutional requirement that "any license requirement fbr an activity <br />related to expression must contain narrow, objective, and definite standards to guide?rtr <br />the licensing authority.* jd. at 1072. See also Alexander II. supra, slip op. at ISraA <br />(unconstitutionally vague to define regulated bookstores as those selling "substantial ocre <br />significant portion* of certain publications); 11126 Baltimore Boulevard, supra. 684^0 <br />F. Supp. at 898-99 (striking ordinance allowing zoning officials to deny permit if aduitcw <br />entertainment establishment is not "in harmony ” with zoning plan, does not.i:! <br />"substantially impair* master plan, does not "adversely affect* health, safety and <br />welfare and is not "detrimental* to neighborhood because such standards are "subject v <br />to possible manipulation and arbitrary application ”).• ^ <br />A number of courts have upheld ordinances requiring that viewing booths in adult <br />theaters be open to discourage illegal and unsanitary sexual activity. See, e.o.. Doe <br />City of Minneapolis. 693 F. Supp. 774 (D. Minn. 1988). <br />Licensing provisions and ordinances forbidding massage parlors employees from <br />administering massages to persons of the opposite sex have withstood equal <br />protection and privacy and associational right challenges. See Clamoitt v. City of Ft <br />Wayne . 682 F. Supp. 401, 407-408 (N.D. Ind. 1988) (equal protection); Wiooiness. Inc <br />V. Fruchtman . 462 F. Supp. 681, 689-90 (S.D. N.Y. 1979). af^. 628 F.2d 1346 (2d Cir. <br />1980), cert deniad . 449 U.S. 842, 101 S.CL 122. However, some courts have found <br />same-sex massage regulations to be in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of <br />-43-