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496 CRIMINAL JUSTICE AND BEHAVIOR <br />TABLE 4: Recidivist Characteristics by Type of Victim Contact <br />Characteristics Direct Contact Collateral Contact Biological Contact Total <br />Offender demographics <br />Race <br />White (%) 60.8 69.0 84.4 68.3 <br />African-American (%) 32.9 24.8 15.6 26.3 <br />American Indian (%) 5.1 6.2 0.0 4.9 <br />Asian (%) 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 <br />Average age at release (years) 32.8 32.3 36.7 33.1 <br />Metro-area commit (%) 57.7 54.5 46.9 54.5 <br />Criminal history <br />Multiple prior sex crimes (%) 30.4 38.1 21.9 33.0 <br />Multiple prior felonies (%) 53.2 64.6 56.3 59.4 <br />Institutional <br />Recent discipline convictions** 5.6 2.5 2.4 3.5 <br />Length of stay (months) 29.8 26.2 27.5 27.6 <br />Completed treatment (%) 9.0 8.9 12.5 9.5 <br />Treatment dropout (%) 6.4 9.8 6.3 8.1 <br />Did not enter treatment (%) 83.5 80.5 81.3 81.7 <br />Postrelease <br />Length of supervision (months) 25.2 20.9 17.2 21.9 <br />ISR (%)* 21.5 8.0 6.3 12.5 <br />SR (%)** 70.9 85.8 87.5 80.8 <br />Discharge (%) 7.6 6.2 6.3 6.7 <br />SRR’s (number) 0.56 0.46 0.66 0.53 <br />Reoffense <br />Alcohol/drugs (%) 36.7 30.1 18.7 30.8 <br />Physical force (%)* 59.5 31.9 25.0 40.6 <br />Supervised at time of offense (%) 34.2 24.8 31.3 29.0 <br />Time unsupervised (months) 34.8 42.5 32.9 38.7 <br />Distance to sex reoffense <br />Same residence/location* 3.8 29.2 28.1 20.1 <br />Same offender/offense location 30.4 37.2 31.3 33.9 <br />Same victim/offense location 25.3 20.4 18.8 21.9 <br />Same V–O residence/different location** 0.9 0.0 6.3 1.3 <br />Different residences/location* 40.5 12.4 15.6 22.8 <br />Prior victim characteristics <br />Female (%) 82.7 85.0 90.3 85.0 <br />Child (%)* 24.1 49.6 59.4 42.0 <br />Adolescent (%) 33.6 40.5 31.3 35.7 <br />Adult (%)* 35.4 16.8 9.4 22.3 <br />Family (%)* 8.9 22.1 50.0 21.4 <br />Acquaintance (%)* 57.0 72.6 40.6 62.5 <br />Stranger (%)* 34.2 5.3 9.4 16.1 <br />Reoffense victim characteristics <br />Female (%) 83.5 88.5 87.5 86.6 <br />Child (%)* 19.0 52.2 62.5 42.0 <br />Adolescent (%) 27.8 33.6 28.1 30.8 <br />Adult (%)* 53.5 14.2 9.4 27.2 <br />Family (%)* 0.0 18.6 100.0 23.7 <br />Acquaintance (%)* 45.6 74.3 0.0 53.6 <br />Stranger (%)* 54.4 7.1 0.0 22.8 <br />N (%)79 (35.3) 113 (50.4) 32 (14.3) 224 <br />Note.V–O =victim and offender; SR =supervised release; ISR =intensive supervised release; SRRs =supervised <br />release revocations. <br />*Pearson χ2 significant at the .01 level. **Pearson χ2 significant at the .05 level. <br /> at University of British Columbia Library on April 27, 2010 http://cjb.sagepub.comDownloaded from