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� i <br /> inaccurate cr.oss-reference and the intent of this technical paper is a clarification of the correct <br /> interpretation. 'Phere is also a common tendency ta refer 'to bot[omland hardwoods as TS+pe.7 <br /> wetlands. This is alsa an inaccurate classification: <br /> 'The NVJT paper maps do not use the water regime modi�er "E" because it was difficult to <br /> interprer from the inherent.limitations imposed by the remote sensed ima�ery. Therefore, most if <br /> not all Type'3 wetlands were given the designation"C". However, the following discussion will <br /> examine and clarify the differences between Circular .39 Types :l, 1L, 2, 3, and `7 and �he <br /> appropriate Cawardin water regime modifyingxer,ms. <br /> Circuiar 39 vVetland Types <br /> Type 1/1L—Seasonally Flooded Basins or Elats <br /> Type 1 wetiands are characterized by snii that is covered:with water or is waterlogged during <br /> variable seasonal periods but is usually well drained during rnuch of.the growing season (italics <br /> added for emphasis). These wetlands may be found in upland depressions as well as in overflow <br /> ;bottorrilan8s, ,i.e, river and stream floodplains. WiChin floodplains, flooding :may occur in late. <br /> fall, winter or spring. In upland contexts., basins ar flats may`be water filled during heavy rain <br /> events �r foIlowing spring snow melt. Vegetation types'vary greatly according to the season and <br /> the duration of tlooding. Included with'in Type 1 .are bottomland hardwoods as well as some <br /> herbaceous growths. Where the water has receded early in the grov��ing season, smartweeds,fall <br /> .panieum, tealgrass, ehufa, :rec}root cypress and weeds (such as inarsh eldei, ragweed and <br /> cocl�leburs) aze likely ta occur. Shallovsi basins.that are submerged:onlyvery temporarily usually <br /> develop little or no wetlan�vegetation(Shaw and'Fredine 1956,p30). <br /> Since Circular 39 was developed for national application, the description of Type 1 wetlands <br /> covers a broad range of.geographic contexts hence the referenee to winter flooding. <br /> Cowa.rdin et al (p. 28) in Table 4 describe Type 1 wetlands as seasonally.flooded basins or flats, <br /> wet meadow, bottomland hardwoods and shallvw fieshwater�swamps: The water regimes are <br /> desciibed as temporarily flooded(A)or sntermittently flooded(7j. <br /> The IvIinnesota Department of Natural Resour.ces (DNR), witlun the regulatory framework of the <br /> ' Protected Waters .and Public �Wetlands framework`has added :the Type 1L designator to more <br /> clearly clarify the Circular 39 classification �merhod and to allow an accurate .distinctian to be <br /> made between bottomland hardwoods, seasonally.flooded:non-vegetated or herbaceous�egetatefl <br /> basins and hardwood swamps. The distinction on the basis of hydrology`is clear and-it was .the <br /> intent of the DNR to differentiate between forested bottomland hardwoods and non-forested <br /> wetlands. <br /> Type 2—Inland Fresh Meadows � <br /> Inland fresh meadows.(Type 2}wetlands have soil that is usually without standing water during <br /> most of xhe growing season but is waterlogged 'to within at least a few inches of its surface. <br /> Vegetation includes grasses, rushes, sedges, and various broad=leaved plants. In northern <br /> en.vironmenfs, typical species representatives are carex, rushes, redtop, reedb asses, <br />