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(Dunevitz and Lane, 2004). Cominon buckthorn occurs in various isolated locations on <br /> the site primarily along the shoreline of Tanager Lake. Reed canary grass occurs in <br /> wetfand areas 1, 3, 4 and 6. We have provided control recammendations for the <br /> bucicthorn, garlic mustard and reed canary grass observed in the wetland and buffer areas. <br /> A list of desirable native species that are ]mown to occur within the Northern Wet <br /> Meadow/Catr community acca�ing to Dunevitz and Lane (2004) and in Restoring and <br /> '_1�Ianaging Native Wetland and Upland Vegetation (R. Jacobson, 20(� is also provided <br /> (Attachment B). <br /> The removat and annual control of invasives in the buffer areas will be either self <br /> performed by tt�e developer or contracted out at the developer's expense. This will alsa <br /> be the case for the installation of the native vegetation. After the initial remediation of the <br /> buffer area is complete, Svoboda Ecological Resources (SER) (or another contractor <br /> chosen by the developer} will monitor the buffer area and subzxut annual reports to the <br /> city of Orono describing the progression of the management area if desired by regulatory <br /> peisonnel. <br /> The developer will retain SER as a consultant (or other contractor of their choice) for the <br /> purpose of mozutoring the vegetation management activities within the buffer area for the <br /> time period of three years, where the chosen contractor will visit the site twice per year. <br /> The developer will raquest notification by the city of Orono before an om-site inspection <br /> is conducted by the city (or its designatad authority). The developer's inspection <br /> contractor wiIl report the progress of the rnonitoring activities to the developer after each <br /> site visit and will also discuss any issues with the city of Orano at the time of the <br /> scheduled on-site inspection. <br /> CONTROL OF EXISTING BUCKTHORN <br /> Common bucktharn (Rhamnus cathartica) is established along the shoreline af Tanager <br /> Lake and may be present in isolated pockets elsewhere on the parcel. Seed carried by <br /> birds has helped introduce this species tlu�oughout the region. Buckthorn generally does <br /> well in moderately shady forested areas. Buckthorn can usuaZly be found throughout the <br /> Twin Cities in fragmented woods or city lots and invades first from forest edges and <br /> slowly moves inwards. Buckthorn has been successful at establishing itself in these <br /> woods due to its long grawir�g season, rapid growth rate, an.d copious fruit production. <br /> This establishment of buckthom has muitiple ecological detriments such as ot�t <br /> competing native plants, disrupting the for�st structure, and reducing plant species <br /> diversity. These detriments have lead to major efforts to prevent the spread of bucktharn <br /> and restore the forests to an ecologically productive and functional state. Proper <br /> management and yeazly follow-ups will be necessary for this site due to the seed bank <br /> left behind by buckthorn which can regenerate for up to 6 years after removal has taken <br /> piace. <br /> To eradicate the existing buckthorn, cut the plants and treat the stumps with herbicide <br /> sach as Roundup (or its counterpart in wet areas, Rodeo). Application should be full- <br /> stzength. When cutting the larger buckthorn,place flags near the stump so thax stumps aze <br /> not missed when the chemical treahnent is applied. Herbicide treatment needs to occur <br /> within two hours of cutting to be effective. <br /> Svoboda Ecologic�Rcso�ces 7 1700 5�oreline Drive <br /> Project No.:2015-004 Irwin Jacobs <br />