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CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM DESIGNATION D-2487 <br />Group <br />Typical <br />Major <br />Divisions <br />Symbols <br />Names <br />Classification <br />Criteria <br />Well -graded gravels and <br />Cw - DOO D10 <br />Greater then 4 <br />N <br />GW <br />gravel -sand mixtures, <br />little fines <br />�fp �2 <br />Ca + --m <br />0 <br />91.1 <br />or no <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />c N <br />Poorly graded gravels and <br />2 <br />u'q <br />w v <br />GP <br />gravel -sand mixtures, <br />Not meeting both criteria <br />for GW <br />41 <br />Y� U z <br />little or no fines <br />w <br />N o <br />N <br />La o` ., c <br />_ <br />Silt gavels, gravel- <br />Atterberg limits plot <br />below "A liie <br />Atterberg limits <br />o <br />yti ar <br />g <br />N C v <br />CM <br />sandysiIt mixtures <br />or <br />index <br />plot- <br />2 0 <br />'A <br />A w <br />$.° <br />_N <br />t N <br />plasticity <br />Ling in hatched area <br />.+ <br />y c P <br />$ •+ <br />_ <br />less than 4 <br />are borderline <br />a <br />s'� <br />Clayey gravels, gravel- <br />ttT m ti-i s plot classifications re- <br />�1�3 <br />,°„ <br />v <br />CC <br />sand -clay mixtures <br />above "A" line and <br />qui ring use of dual <br />o Lu <br />� <br />plasticity index <br />symbols <br />c <br />m <br />greater than 7 <br />1 1 <br />Well -graded sands and <br />Cu ' DB0 / D10 <br />T <br />Greater than 6 <br />N <br />m N <br />E <br />SW <br />gravelly sands, little <br />2 <br />a c <br />$ � <br />or no fines <br />Ca - Dfr X'� <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />$ g N <br />V1 <br />r- C > <br />A <br />10 60 <br />N <br />C <br />o 0 o <br />u H <br />Poorly graded sands and <br />b <br />o$ <br />c' <br />C)v N <br />�P <br />gravelly sands, little <br />Not meeting both criteria for SW <br />1g `^ L. <br />or no fines <br />u <br />N V1 o <br />r <br />,'t M. <br />., <br />- — <br />Silty sands, sand -silt <br />Atterberg limits plot <br />= <br />N <br />da N <br />N N <br />C N <br />SN <br />mixtures <br />below "A" line or <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />q <br />&* � a <br />$ N <br />" <br />t <br />plasticity index less <br />tinq in hatched area <br />r" <br />q <br />than 4 <br />are borderline clas- <br />c N <br />CL <br />Clayey sands, sand -clay <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />"A" <br />sificatlons requiring <br />$ y <br />Sr <br />mixtures <br />above line and <br />use of symbols <br />plasticit index <br />d i <br />greater tlYian 7 <br />MiInly organic Soils <br />Inorganic silts. rock <br />flour, silty or clayey <br />fine sand <br />!—Tno�gamc clays— oTiow �o <br />median plasticity, grav- <br />Cz el ly clays, sand, :lays, <br />60 <br />Piaeticity ,gilt <br />_silty clays, le 4ys <br />50100 <br />For olaoetificaticn c! fine_ <br />grained ecile and Elmo fryltiJr <br />Organic silts ar,. urgaric <br />oodo+-�inod ecils. <br />CL silty clays of low <br />4 <br />40 <br />Attorterg !mite Flottirr in <br />hatched area are trrlorline — <br />plasticity <br />— - <br />C <br />w <br />olaeoi,seatio�e regwirino <br />so cf dial ey-rbcls. <br />Inorganic silts, miCdceout <br />or diatomaceous silts, <br />G" <br />Fquaticr o!A-lin <br />PI. 0.71 rtL-20 CL <br />elastic silts <br />� <br />20 <br />-- - <br />Inorganic clays of high <br />CH plasticity. fa* clays <br />4 <br />�_. <br />__ <br />Gil <br />Cos f <br />r I r <br />_ Organic clays of medium 06 10 20 30 40 5C 60 70 <br />ON to high plasticity Liquid ti+rit <br />Prat. uruCA anJ other - -.'-_.--A.-.----_-.-- -. <br />Ft highly organic Toils Visual -manual identification <br />BRAUR <br />EiM�31NEERINli TESTING <br />