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CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM DESIGNATION D-2487 <br />Group Typical <br />Major Divisions Symbols Names Classification Criteria <br />VWab, <br />^ <br />c ,'_ <br />�' <br />4- � N <br />C <br />U L <br />t0 <br />N u <br />GT <br />z <br />q <br />W o <br />CM <br />v <br />4A <br />CC <br />ipt �I N <br />elf ` f <br />SP <br />to lam. WZ <br />N <br />SM <br />qCq <br />O <br />'Aa <br />i A <br />S�� <br />Sc <br />N <br />M 1n <br />*v o <br />v� :3 " <br />v2 <br />J <br />N <br />Hell -graded gravels and <br />Cu - Ddo � D10 <br />Greater than 4 <br />c <br />gravel -sand mixtures, <br />little or no fines <br />�D 1B <br />0s -� <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />_ 10 d0 <br />Poorly graded gravels and <br />gravel -sand mixtures, <br />Not meeting both criteria for OW <br />tittle or no fines <br />N " <br />Silttyy ggravels, gravel- <br />ilVsilt <br />Atterberg limits plot <br />below "A" line or <br />Atterberg limits plot -San <br />y <br />mixtures <br />plasticity index <br />Ping 1ri hatched area <br />c <br />less than 4 <br />are borderline <br />pt <br />•.� �.� <br />Clayey gravel:,, gravel_ <br />Atterberg s p o <br />above "A" line and <br />classifications re- <br />qui ring use of dual <br />i <br />& <br />r, <br />sand -clay mixtures <br />plasticity index <br />symbols <br />o <br />� <br />greater than 7 <br />Hell -graded sands and <br />ou ' D60 D10 <br />Greater than 6 <br />19 <br />d <br />gravelly sands, little <br />(Dxn12 <br />a <br />N a <br />or no fines <br />C, - D10 X Od0 <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />st H <br />Poorly graded sands and <br />8 <br />gravelly sands, little <br />Not meeting both criteria for SN <br />N <br />or no fines <br />log <br />Silty sends, sand -silt <br />Atterberg limits plot <br />below "A" line or <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />mixtures <br />plasticity index less <br />Ling in hatched area <br />than 4 <br />are borderline clas- <br />5 5 <br />Clayey sands, send -clay <br />er s plot <br />" <br />above A line and <br />sifications requiring <br />use of symbols <br />e <br />N., <br />mixtures <br />plasticit index <br />�, <br />I""., <br />A " <br />greater thian <br />Inorganic silts, rock <br />flour, silty or clayey <br />Ic fine sand <br />Inorganic clays of low to <br />medium plasticity, yrev- 60 <br />a elly clays, sandy clays, <br />silty clays, lean clays 50 <br />Organic silts and organic <br />OL silty clays of low 40 <br />plasticity <br />Inorganic silts, micaceous30 <br />hig or diatomaceous silts, <br />elastic silts a PO <br />Inorganic clays of high w <br />CIi plasticity, fat clays 1g <br />4 <br />O <br />Organic clays of medium <br />OR to high plasticity <br />Plaetiaiiv hart <br />for otwe{fioation of fin•- <br />gmined .oils and fine fivation <br />of ooaree-grained soils. <br />Atterberg limit# plotting in <br />hatohed area are borderline <br />ot"sifioatione requiring <br />we of dual eymbote. <br />lquation of A-Un4r., <br />PI 0.78 (LL-!0 <br />FQb <br />W <br />0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 <br />Liquid limit <br />Peat, muck end other <br />Hignly organic soils Pt highly organic soils Vlsuai-manual identification <br />BRAHH' <br />ENGINEERING TESTING i <br />