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«i.Rk,%Appendix Awf# of thn \FPA Slnndard 224 hut is included only.
<br />ai Fire Codes and other publications
<br />Protection Association are applicable
<br />and safeguarding of forest properties
<br />^ed for detailed fire control and fire
<br />Check with local authorities regard-
<br />* or cottage is on a brush- or wood-
<br />;er space cleared of hazardous growth
<br />to 122 m) or more may be needed,
<br />ation is hazardous and some vegeta-
<br />irol growth of more hazardous weeds
<br />spread rapidly uphill and the poten-
<br />uilding depends upon the tvpe and
<br />ation. as well as the steepness of the
<br />ty lines interfere with recommended
<br />ces. local authorities should be con-
<br />cal forester for advice on clearances
<br />tardous species.
<br />r.. 100,-
<br />Dvidf hazard clearance of at least 100 ft
<br />i) around a home or camp.
<br />ning the water supply for an in-
<br />ildinffs, ei'for a group of buildings, give con-
<br />of water for fire protection as well as
<br />OSes. Even before construction is
<br />de water supply should be available
<br />ee NFPA 1231, Water Supplies for
<br />\l Fire Fighting, Chapter 4,)
<br />rrain is suitable, an elevated tank or
<br />e most reliable water supply. In some
<br />can be maintained by gravity filling,
<br />s for a dependable water supply in
<br />tank having a minimum capacity of
<br />i kL), a reservoir formed by partially
<br />stream, or a simple pit bulldozed in a
<br />dequate water levels in tanks or pits
<br />naturally by springs, surface runoff
<br />it in many situations artificial filling
<br />ining the pit with a plastic sheet will
<br />through the soil.
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<br />A-2-2.2 Install garden hose outlets on the exterior of buildings to permit hose stream protection for all sides of the building and ifie roof. It is desirable to have some outlets at least 50 ft (15.5 m) from the building for fire fighting use. Where practical, hose should be racked near and kept permanently connected to at least one outside outlet. Dram the hose during freezing weather.
<br />A-2-2.4 Because power supplies for electrically
<br />operated pumps might not be completely reliable, con
<br />sider an a ternative method of pumping water, such as a
<br />portable pump. All pumps should provide sufficient
<br />pressure and volume to deliver an effective stream of
<br />water to the highest part of the roof. Do not attach power
<br />lines that supply energy to pumps to the house or other
<br />structures. Where engine-driven pumps are used as
<br />uandby units only, stan the engine at least weekly to
<br />assure reliable response in an emergency. Pumps should
<br />be drained after use to prevent damage. Where piped
<br />oack*water supplies are not available keep several full
<br />pack pump cans or similar units in convenient locations
<br />A^-4 On Federal. State and Provincial forest prop
<br />erties. instructions for sounding alarms should be posted
<br />prominently. It is particularly important that every occu
<br />pant of a home or camp in a forested area be thoroughly
<br />familiar with actions to be taken in a fire emergency, the
<br />name and location of the nearest fire warden, and means
<br />of notification. Camp occupants should be able to give
<br />accurate directions to forestry or fire department person
<br />nel on how to locate the camp property. Directions
<br />should be posted next to the telephone so visitors can read
<br />them before or at the time of a fire emergency.
<br />A-2-4.1 In a community of dwellings, cottages, or camp
<br />sites, a signal to alen other property owners immediately
<br />on discovery of a fire is essential. A distinctive signal
<br />(siren, air horn, or bell) should be centrally available for
<br />this purpose. This does not replace the need to notify the
<br />nearest organized fire department or fo^rst agency im
<br />*' • b^ * *mediately oy telephone or other alarm methods.
<br />A-2-4.2 A variety of fire detectors are available for
<br />homes, cottages, resort buildings and other structures.
<br />These can sound an alarm inside and outside a building
<br />and may be connected to a telephone or other circuit for
<br />notifying the nearest forest ag^cy or fire depanment.
<br />Fire detectors should be tested and listed by a testing
<br />laboratory (See NFPA 74, Household Fire Warning
<br />Equipment.)
<br />A-S-1 National and regional building codes will be
<br />helpful to persons who wart to build new structures in
<br />forested areas. In addition, a number of NFPA codes and
<br />standards concerning fire protection are available for use
<br />in constructing such properties including the following:
<br />NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code
<br />NFPA 31, Installation of Oil Burning Equipment
<br />NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code
<br />NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gases, Storage and
<br />Handling
<br />NFPA 70, National Electrical Code
<br />NFPA 101, Life Safety Code
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<br />•A-3-1.1 If the building rests on supports wiih an open space beneath, screen all such open spa *es or areas under floors to prevent the accumulation of leaves, litter and other matenals subject to fire. Do not store combustibles in these spaces. .Maintain at least 4 in. (10.2 cm) between wood and the ground to provide adequate ventilation and prevent rotting of the wood which could result in a fire
<br />hazardous condition.
<br />' If the building has a basement or cellar, provide suffi
<br />cient headroom for the safe installation of heating equip
<br />ment. Noncombustible or fire-resistant materials are
<br />recommended for ceilings and walls near heating equip
<br />ment to minimize the possibility of fire spread. Screen
<br />roof and gable vents to prevent sparks from entering the
<br />building.
<br />A-3-2.I Install firestopping in the studding of all com
<br />bustible wall and concealed ceiling spaces to prevent the
<br />unhampered spread of fire in such areas. Firestopping
<br />consists of using wooden blocks, or noncombustible
<br />material supported on metal strips to block all openings
<br />or passages in walls and floors tightly to prevent the
<br />passage of smoke and hot gases. This may be done at
<br />moderate cost in new buildings. In old buildings it may
<br />be costly and impractical to provide complete firestop
<br />ping. Blocking, however, should at least be installed at
<br />the walls between the first floor joists.
<br />Build a trap dooi or scuttle hole and provide a ladder
<br />for access to attic spaces. Provide a door or other means
<br />of access to the space beneath the building.
<br />A-3-3.2 Locking devices should not be used which
<br />would impede or prohibit escape from fire, such as chain
<br />t\*pe bolts, limited opening sliding type locks and burglar
<br />locks which cannot be easily disengaged by quick
<br />releasing catches.
<br />A-3-S.5 Every' family should practice fire exit drills in
<br />homes or camps. The procedures are simple and easy to
<br />learn but become very important in a fire emergency.
<br />{See NFPA folder C‘100, *^cconds Count Escape Plan-
<br />ner. ")
<br />A^-5.6
<br />ticular
<br />others.
<br />Windows may serve as a means of escape, par
<br />ticularly where ladders can be raised by fip "*«htcrs or
<br />Even
<br />the
<br />where the
<br />window
<br />location is *.?. %ti aoie
<br />provideescape, the window opening may provide air
<br />breathing in a smoke-filled building where occupants
<br />waiting tor rescue.
<br />A-S-4 Combustible materials used on rhe interior of the
<br />building may be treated with a fire-retardant coating or
<br />imprecation to improve the fire resistance of such
<br />materials. To be adequate, such treatment must have a
<br />degree of permanency and be applied properly to pro
<br />duce the required resistance to fire. {See NFPA 703, Fire-
<br />RetardarU Treatments of Building Matenals.)
<br />A-3^. 1 Interior wood surfaces can be given added pro
<br />tection against rapid flame spread by treatment with a
<br />fire-retardant coating. Some types of dry wall construc
<br />tion are conducive to flash fires. Materials included in
<br />this category are untreated combustible fiberboard and
<br />certain types of plywood and paperboard that delaminate
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