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testing, but qualified that stater.ent by stating that "the distress <br />was not extensive and has not resulted in significant restrictions <br />or iinitaticns in his daily activities*. Of particular importance, <br />Dr. Neisen wrote. *his history reflects characterological problems <br />which antedated M?RS testing and which resulted in a variety of <br />problems in both military and civilian life". <br />Based on his evaluation of Fields, Dr. Neisen found that he <br />had not sustained any significant long-term psychological damage. <br />ZZ. ARGOMEMT <br />A. PLAZMTZFFS ARB NOT ENTITLED TO AN AWARD OP BACK PAY <br />A plaintiff bears the initial burden of showing that he is <br />entitled to backpay.* Tavlor v. Phillies Industries. Inc., 593 <br />F.2d 783 (7th Cir. 1979), holds that a plaintiff must first <br />establish that he has sustained an economic loss caused by <br />defendant's disorim.i.naticn. Damages are mieasured by the difference <br />bet'ween actual earnings and those which a plaintiff would have <br />earned absent the discrimination.* <br />T.he burden then shifts to defendant, who may establish that <br />plaintiff 13 net entitled to damages because he would not have been <br />hired absent discrimination, because no vacancies existed or <br />oecause ^ o claimant failed *4 l* 1 TZ 'w non-discriminatory <br />prerequisites for employment. <br />•Albgrmarle ?ac:er ii. v. .Mredv. i22 U.3. •*35, 55 S.Ct. 2362, 45 L.Ed.2d 280 <br />(1575) . <br />r'ar.cerss v. tTE Autcratic Elec., Ir.c.. 603 ?.2d 558 (7th Cir. 1579). <br />Cchen v. •..'est Haver, rd. cf Police tcr.'rs, 638 F.2d at 459 (2nd Cir. 1980) . <br />10