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Queens
<br /> DEVELOPMENT TIME IN DAYS
<br /> • Development Brood stage Queen Worker Drone
<br /> The developmental time of the queen is shorter than Egg 3 3 3
<br /> Larval stage(open brood) 5 5 7
<br /> those of the workers or drones, taking approximately Pupal stage (sealed brood) 8 13 14
<br /> 16 days from the time an egg is laid until an adult Total 16 21 24
<br /> queen emerges (Table 1).
<br /> Table 1.Approximate developmental time of each stage for the
<br /> three castes.
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<br /> , :Figure 4.A queen bee marked with a red paint dot and worker bees.The comb below them contains larval and pupal brood
<br /> (photo by Judy Griesedieck).
<br /> The adult queen is easily identified, with experience,
<br /> since she is longer than a worker or drone and her „���)��
<br /> abdomen extends well beyond her wings (Figure 4).
<br /> She is a reproductively complete female with well- Biology Box
<br /> developed ovaries and a sperm storage organ called
<br /> the spermatheca.A virgin queen will normally mate ��,,•
<br /> with 10-20 drones on one or two mating flights that
<br /> are usually taken within seven days of her emergence
<br /> from her queen cell. Mating occurs in the air and at Queens
<br /> a distance from the colony to avoid inbreeding and
<br /> promote outcrossing with a variety of drones from the A queen bee can live 2-3 years, but most
<br /> vicinity.After mating, the queen returns and remains queens do not perform well after two winters
<br /> with her colony, functioning chiefly as an egg laying due to aging and sperm depletion. For this
<br /> machine until her death. She does not mate again. reason, we strongly recommend you follow
<br /> A good queen in Minnesota will lay at least 1,000 the management system in this book, which
<br /> • eggs per day during the colony's growing season. is designed to ensure a young queen is
<br /> This tremendous egg production is made possible by always present in your colony.
<br /> the high protein diet of glandular secretions that is
<br /> provided to the queen by her worker attendants.
<br /> Beekeeping in Northern Climates 5
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