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FlRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS snd Air inlets and exhausts shall be located so as to prevent snow materials in fire protection-rated frames, the area t be or ice blockage. of which shall not exceed that tested. The doors � na- �F�909.4.6 Duration of operation.All portions of active or shall be close-fitting within operational tolerances � passive smoke control systems shall be capable of continued and shall not have undercuts, louvers or grilles. �res � operation after detection of the fire event for a period of not The doors shall have head and jamb stops, astra- trol less than either 20 minutes or LS times the calculated egress gals or rabbets at meeting edges and shall be auto- ��or- time, whichever is less. matio-closing by smoke detection in accordance �e witt► Section 715.4.73. Positive-latching devices �gi- �F�909.5 Smoke barrier construction.Smoke barriers shall are not required. nts � ,;omP1Y�'ith Section 709, and shall be constructed and sealed � el �� limit leakage areas exclusive of protected openings. The 4• Group I-3. Y Per i�aximum allowable leakage area shall be the aggregate area 5. Openings between smoke zones with clear ceiling ,u_ �alculated using the following leakage area ratios: heights of 14 feet (4267 mm) or greater and �nd l. Walls: A/A,�,=0.00100 bank-down capacity of greater than 20 minutes as determined by the design fire size. di- � 2• Exit enclosures: A/fl,ti,=0.00035 [F] 909.5.2.1 Ducts and air transfer openings. Ducts ch � and air transfer openings are required to be protected �o � 3. All other shafts: A/fl,ti,=0.00150 with a minimum Class II,250°F(121°C)smoke damper 09 ` complying with Section 716. i fy 4. Floors and roofs: A/AF=0.00050 [F] 909.6 Pressurization method. The primary mechanical its means of controlling smoke shall be by pressure differences iy- where: across smoke barriers. Maintenance of a tenable environment �es A = Total leakage area, square feet(m�). is not required in the smoke control zone of fire origin. �c- ce AF = Unit floor or roof area of barrier, square feet(mz). [F]909.61 Minimum pressure difference.The minimum pressure difference across a smoke barrier shall be �- A,�. = Unit wall area of barrier,square feet(m�). 0.05-inch water gage (0.0124 kPa) in fully sprinklered g The leakage area ratios shown do not include openings due buildings. c- io doars, operable windows or similar gaps. These shall be In buildings permitted to be other than fully sprinklered, of included in calculating the total leakage area. the smoke control system shall be designed to achieve pres- a_ [F]909.5.1 Leakage area.The total leakage area of the bar- sure differences at least two times the maximum calculated �_ rier is the product of the smoke barrier gross area multiplied pressure difference produced by the design fire. �n ; by the allowable leakage area ratio, plus the area of other � openings such as gaps and operable windows. Compliance �F] 909.6.2 Maximum pressure difference. The maxi- ls mum air pressure difference across a smoke barrier shall be shall be determined by achieving the minimum air pressure difference across the barrier with the system in the smoke determined by required door-opening or closing forces.The ,h control mode for mechanical smoke control systems. Pas- actual force required to open exit doors when the system is �t sive smoke control systems tested using other approved in the smoke control mode shall be in accordance with Sec- n Imeans such as door fan testing shall be as approved by the tion 1008.1.2. Opening and closing forces for other doors fire code official. shall be determined by standard engineering methods for �e the resolution of forces and reactions.The calculated force [F]909.5.2 Opening protection.Openings in smoke barri- to set a side-hinged,swinging door in motion shall be deter- ers shall be protected by automatic-closing devices actuated mined by: d by the required controls for the mechanical smoke control '' System. Door openings shall be protected by fire door F=Fd�+K(WA�P)/2(W-c� (Equation9-1) � assemblies complying with Section 715.43. where: Exceptions: A = Door area,square feet(mz). e 1. Passive smoke control systems with auto- _ matic-closing devices actuated by spot-type d = Distance from door handle to latch edge of door, � smoke detectors listed for releasing service feet(m). installed in accordance with Section 907.10. F = Total door opening force,pounds(N). , 2. Fixed openings between smoke zones that are pro- Fd�. = Force required to overcome closing device,pounds � tected utiliaing the airflow method. �N�. ; 3. In Group I-2,where such doors are installed across K = Coefficient 5.2(1.0). corridors,a pair of opposite-swinging doors with- � � out a center mullion shall be installed having W = Door width,feet(m). vision panels with fire protection-rated glazing �p = Design pressure difference. inches of water(Pa). �s�NTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODE� 191