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Prouading the Sharper�*e�ge�#n
Natural Resources&Environment�il Consulting
ECOLOGICAL RES�URCES
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2 S 6 5 North Shore Dr
Orono, Henne in Count , l�'IN
p Y
Wetland Classification, Identi�cation, and
Delineation Report
Prepared for:
Jeff Martineau
By:
Svoboda Ecological Resources
Project Number 2013-033
10/23/2013
The contents and format of this report are considered intellectual property and
are subject to copyright resh-ictions and may not be reproduced without
the express permission of Svoboda Ecological Resources.
Table of Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................1
METHODS.....................................................................................................................................1
RESULTS........................................................................................................................................2
DISCUSSION.................................................................................................................................3
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................3
CERTIFICATION.........................................................................................................................5
DATASOURCES...........................................................................................................................6
LITERATURE REFERENCED...................................................................................................7
FIGURES:
Figure 1: Site Location Overlaid on Topographic Map
Figure 2: National Wetlands Inventory
Figure 3: Web Soil Survey-Hennepin County
Figure 4: Public Waters Inventory
Figure 5: Approximate Wetland Boundary and Sample Point Location
TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS:
Photo Log
Field Data Sheets
Plant Indicator Status
Soil Series Data
ABSTRACT
Svoboda Ecological Resources (SER) visited the above referenced property on 10/17/13 to
examine the site for the presence of areas meeting wetland criteria. The study parcel is located in
the city of Orono, MN in Hennepin County (Figure 1). One wetland boundary was delineated at
this site. One sample transect was established along the southwestern boundary of the wetland
area in order to characterize the soil, vegetation, and existing hydrology within the wetland-to-
upland transition zone.
INTRODUCTION
The subject parcel is approximately 1.43 acres and is dominated by mesic woodland, the
property owner's structure, adjoining lawn and emergent herbaceous vegetation. The topography
of the site is largely flat. The surrounding land use is primarily closely spaced single family
homes while the parcel itself is bordered immediately on the southwest side by Crystal Bay and
on the northeast side by road and a large emergent wetland. The identified wetland was classified
according to the Cowardin et al., the Circular 39 and the Eggers and Reed classification systems
and marked with pink "Wetland Delineation" pin flags. The Technical Documents section of this
report contains field data sheets, plant indicator status information, soil survey information, and
wetland definition information.
METHODS
T'he methods used to delineate the subject parcel are as described in the 1987 US Army Corps of
Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and the 2010 Midwest Regional Supplement Manual. In
the 1987 Manual, the methods used were described under the "routine" methods for sites less
than 5 acres. This methodology is followed in order to assess whether the three parameters of a
wetland are met for areas on the subject parcel. The three parameters required under normal
circumstances in order to delineate a wetland are described in the Technical Documents section.
The Midwest Regional Supplement Wetland Delineation Manual is also being utilized to
increase the accuracy of our wetland boundaries. This addendum to the original 87 Manual was
created to address the many regional differences that affect wetlands and the delineation methods
used throughout the country. The following explanations are passages from that document.
"This Regional Supplement is part of a nationwide effort to address regional
wetland characteristics and improve the accuracy and efficiency of wetland-
delineation procedures. Regional differences in climate, geology, soils,
hydrology plant and animal communities, and other factors are important to the
identification and functioning of wetlands. These differences cannot be
considered adequately in a single national manual. The development of this
supplement follows National Academy of Sciences recommendations to increase
the regional sensitivity of wetland-delinearion methods (National Research
Svoboda Ecological Resources 1 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
Council 1995).The intent of this supplement is to bring the Corps Manual up to
date with current knowledge and practice in the region and not to change
wetland boundaries." "...This Regional Supplement is designed for use with the
current version of the Corps Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and all
subsequent versions. Where differences in the two documents occur, this
Regional Supplement takes precedence over the Corps Manual for applications
in the Midwest Region."
National Wetland Inventory (NWI) maps (Figure 2), Web Soil Survey of Hennepin County map
(Figure 3), Minnesota Public Waters Inventory maps (Figure 4), and 2012 aerial photographs
were reviewed prior to the site visit to identify areas that may be wetlands. Areas illustrating
evidence of wetland conditions were examined in greater detail during the field survey.
Vegetation, soils and hydrology were examined (as outlined in the 1987 Manual) and used to
characterize wetland types and determine wetland boundaries. Sample transects were established
in representative wetland-to-upland transition zones in order to characterize the vegetation, soils,
and hydrology of the site. Transects consist of a representative upland sample point and
representative wetland sample point. Information obtained at the sample points can be found on
the field data sheets located in the Technical Documents section.
Wetland boundaries were marked at the site by pink "Wetland Delineation" pin flags. The
wetland boundary is considered to be the topographically highest extent of the wetland basin;
areas below the staked boundary met the three required wetland criteria while areas above were
lacking in one or more of these criteria. Wetlands were classified in accordance with methods
described by Cowardin et al. (1979) and used in the NWI (e.g. PEMB, PSS1C, etc.), completed
by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The Circular 39 and Eggers and Reed classification
systems are also given. The indicator status of plants, as described in the Technical Documents
section, was determined using the National List of Plant Species That Occur in Wetlands —
Region 3 (Sabine 1999).
RESULTS
The National Wetland Inventory indicates the presence of one wetland of type PEMF in the
survey area. (Figure 2).
The Web Soil Survey of Hennepin County(Figure 3) identifies two soil map units present on the
subject property. They are as follows: Muskego, Blue Earth, and Houghton soils, ponded and
Tadkee-Tadkee, depressional, complex. The Muskego type is the hydric soil on the site. The
Tadkee type is predominantly hydric. Soil series descriptions are provided in the Technical
Documents section.
The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, State Protected Waters Map (Public Water
Inventory) indicates no public waters within the study area(Figure 4).
Site Visit
SER ecologists examined the subject property for areas meeting jurisdictional wetland criteria
during the site visit. One area meeting the jurisdictional criteria of a wetland was flagged, and
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
boundaries were determined and delineated. The approximate wetland boundary is outlined in
yellow (Figure 5).
The NWI identified the present wetland as PEMF. The wetland vegetation in the seasonally
inundated wetland was dominated by cattails (Typha spp. OBL) and lesser duckweed (Lemna
minor OBL). The transition to upland can be marked vegetatively and structurally, primarily as
the cattail disappears and the lawn/landscaping begins.
Sample point SP 1 Wet was taken from the southwest side of the semipermanently inundated
wetland. The soils at sample point SP 1 Wet consisted of a mucky peat at the surface below
which the soils didn't hold together for sampling. Saturation was present at 2 inches and water
table at 4 inches. Hydric indicator A10 (2 cm Muck) and S3 (5 cm Mucky Peat or Peat) were
present. The soils at sample point SP 1 Up consisted of layers of loam, some of which had
concentrations present with gleyed silt clay below starting at 13 inches. No hydric indicators
were present.
Wetland hydrology was DS (FAC-Neutral Test)present at sample point SP 1 Up.At sample point
SP 1 Wet indicators A2 (High Water Table),A3 (Saturation) and B7 (Inundation Visible on Aerial
Imagery) and secondary indicators D2 (Geomorphic Position) and DS (FAC-Neutral Test) were
present.
Detailed soils, vegetation, and hydrology data for the delineated jurisdictional wetlands are
provided in the data sheets of the Technical Documents section.
DISCUSSION
SER completed all on-site delineations based on the three required technical criteria as outlined
by the 1987 Manual: the presence of hydric soils, a predominance of hydrophytic vegetation,
and indicators of wetland hydrology in each basin. The site visit portion of the wetland
delineation was completed on 10/17/13.
SER personnel examined the subject property for areas meeting jurisdictional wetland criteria
during the site visit and delineated the southwestern and northwestern edges of the
semipermanently inundated depression as being jurisdictional wetland, in agreement with NWI
PEMF. (Figure 5). Detailed soils, vegetation and hydrology data is provided in the data sheets of
the Technical Documents section.A set of figures is provided in the Figures section.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Activities that impact or could potentially impact wetlands are regulated at several levels of
government. In Minnesota, the two primary jurisdictions are covered at the state and federal
levels by the provisions of the following legislative actions.
1* State jurisdiction by the Wetland Conservation Act of 1991 (WCA) administered by the
WCA Local Governmental Unit(LGU).
Svoboda Ecological Resources 3 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
2* Federal jurisdiction by the Clean Water Act of 1972 and subsequent amendments.
Wetland protection is implemented by the Corps of Engineers (Corps)with permit
certification issued by the Environmental Protection Agency.
While the wetland boundaries that SER has delineated are not official until approved by a WCA
approved local government unit (LGU), SER advises the property owner/developer to refrain
from any filling, draining, or excavating, or any impact to the area SER has delineated as
wetland. No grading or filling in wetland basins should commence until all necessary permits
have been obtained. Violation of wetland regulations may result in substantial civil and criminal
penalties. Local ordinances may regulate wetland modifications such as brush and tree removal
and burning in addition to grading and filling. Depending on the location of the property, bufFers
around the wetland may also be protected. Any activities in the proximity of the wetland should
be cleared with appropriate WCA regulatory agencies. It is also advisable to have the wetland
boundary surveyed by a licensed land surveyor. Since the pin flags used along the boundary can
be vandalized or inadvertently knocked over, a GPS survey of the flags will assure the
permanence of the boundary. The client should also be aware that approved wetland boundaries
are typically valid for only three years from the date of approval.
To avoid project delays associated with wetland regulations, it is essential that you acquire
necessary permits from all jurisdictional agencies before initiating activities.A WCA Sequencing
form, a WCA and Army Corps of Engineers Replacement Plan Application form, and a DNR
permit application are among the materials that you may be required to submit if impacts are
proposed for the delineated wetlands. By initiating the permit process as soon as possible,
potential costly delays to the project may be avoided.
Svoboda Ecological Resources 4 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
CERTIFICATION
David Remucal and Frank Svoboda completed the above-described delineation on 10/17/2013.
This delineation was performed according to the procedures described by the US Army Corps of
Engineers in the 1987 Wetlands Delineation Manual and the 2007 Midwest Region Supplement
Wetland Delineation Manual. The delineation meets the standards and a criterion described in
these manuals and conforms to the applicable standards and regulations in force at the time the
delineation was completed.
Report and graphics were prepared by David Remucal (Wetland Ecologist) and Tyler Kaebisch
(GIS Techinican)on this day 10/23/2013. The delineation report was reviewed by Frank
Svoboda, President of Svoboda Ecological Resources.
Client: Jeff Martineau
Project Name:2565 North Shore Drive
Project No.: 2013-033-03
Location: Orono, MN
���eh �.e�N��.�.
GIS Technician
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Wetland Ecologist
�°�--- d.
President, Svoboda Ecological Resources
10/23/13
Date
Svoboda Ecological Resources 5 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
DATA SOURCES
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Public Waters Inventory Basin Delineations,
Published 7/31/2008 and retrieved from http://deli.dnr.state.mn.us
United States Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetland Inventory Map. Retrieved from
http://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Mapper.html on 5/28/12.
2010 Aerial Color Photos. Publicly Distributed by MN Geo WMS Service.
Topographic maps obtained via the National Geographic Society's USA Topo service through
ESRI.
Web Soil Survey for Hennepin County, MN. Retrieved from
http://websoilsurvey.nres.usda.gov/app/HomePage.htm
Svoboda Ecological Resources 6 2565 North Shore Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
LITERATURE REFERENCED
Cowardin, L.M., V. Carter, F.C. Golet, and R.T. LaRoe. 1979. Classification of Wetlands cznd
Deepwater Habitats of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, FWS/OBS-79/31.
103pp.
Eggers, Steve D. and Donald M. Reed. 2011. Wetland Plants and Plant Communities of
Minnesota and Wisconsin, Third Edition. US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District. 478pp,
unclassified.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Weticznds Delineation
Manual. Technical Report Y-87-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Gleason, H.A. and A.C. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants ofNortheastern United
States and Adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 910pp.
Lichvar, R.W. 2013. The National Wetland Plant List: 2013 wetland ratings. Phytoneuron
2013-49: 1-241. http://rsgisias.crreLusace.ariny.mil/NWPL/
Shaw, S.P., and C.G. Fredine. 1956. Wetlands of the United States. U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Circular 39. 67pp.
U.S.Army Corps of Engineers.August 2010. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers
Wetland Delineation Manual: Midwest Region(Version 2.0). ERDC/EL TR-10-16. Vicksburg,
MS: US Army Engineer Research and Development Center.
Svoboda Ecological Resources 7 2565 North Shorc Dr
Project Number: 2013-033 Orono,MN
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: - Fcoin¢ical Recnur-ce� 0 80 160 320pP+ 2565 North Shore Drive
THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION
Field Data Sheets
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM-Midwest Region
ProjecUSite 2565 North Shore Drive City/County: Orono/Hennepin Sampling Date: 10/17/2013
ApplicanUOwner: Jeff Martineau State: MN Sampling Point: 1 1 Upl
Investigator(s): FS TK DR Iection,Township,Range: Sec 09 T117N R23W
Landform(hillslope,terrace,etc.): Terrace Local relief(concave,convex,none): none
Slope(%): 0 Lat: Long: Datum:
Soil Map Unit NameTadkee-Tadkee,depressional complex,0 to 2 percent slopes JWI Classification: None
Are climatic/hydrologic conditions of the site typical for this time of the year? Y (If no,explain in remarks)
Are vegetation ,soil ,or hydrology significantly disturbed? Are"normal circumstances"
Are vegetation ,soil ,or hydrology naturally problematic? present? Yes
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS (If needed,explain any answers in remarks.) -
Hydrophytic vegetation present? Y
Hydric soil present? N Is the sampled area within a wetland? N
Indicators of weUand hydrology present? N f yes,optional wetland site ID:
Remarks:(Explain alternative procedures here or in a separate report.)
Lawn
VEGETATION—Use scientific names of plants.
Absolute Dominan Indicator pominance Test Worksheet
Tree Stratum (Plot size: 30' ) %Cover t Species Staus Number of Dominant Species
1 Fraxinus pennsy/vanica 10 Y FACW that are OBL,FACW,or FAC: 4 (A)
2 Betu/a nigra 10 Y FACW Total Number of DominaM
3 Species Across all Strata: 4 (B)
4 Percent of Dominant Species
5 that are OBL,FACW,or FAC: 100.00% (A/B)
20 =Total Cover
Saolina/Shrub straturt (Plot size: 15' ) Prevalence Index Worksheet
1 Total%Cover of:
2 OBL species 0 x 1= 0
3 FACW species 25 x 2= 50
4 FAC species 75 x 3= 225
5 FACU species 0 x 4= 0
0 =Total Cover UPL species 0 x 5= 0
Herb sVatum (Plot size: 5' ) Column totals 100 (A) 275 (B)
1 Poa pratensis 75 Y FAC Prevalence Index=B/A= 2.75
2
3 Hydrophytic Vegetation Indicators:
4 Rapid test for hydrophytic vegetation
5 X Dominance test is>50%
6 X Prevalence index is 53.0'
� Morphogical adaptations'(provide
8 supporting data in Remarks or on a
g separate sheet)
10 Problematic hydrophytic vegetation`
75 =Total Cover (explain)
Woodv vine Stfeturtl (PIOt SiZ2: 30� ) •Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydrology must be
1 Vitis riparia 5 Y FACW presen4 unless disturbed or problema6c
2 y rop c
5 =Total Cover �e9etation
present? Y
Rema�lcs:(Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet)
US Amy Corps of Engineers Midwest Region
SOIL Sampling Point: 1 1 Upl
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirtn the absence of indicators.)
Depth � Redox Features
(Inches) Color(moist) % Color(moist) % Type' Loc" Texture Remarks
3 10YR 2/2 98 5YR 4/4 2 C PL Silt loam
6 10YR 2/2 70 10YR 6/6 30 C M Silt loam
9 10YR 6/3 50 5YR 5/8 35 C M Clay loam
9 10YR 2/1 15
13 10YR 2/1 60 10YR 6/3 20 C M Clay loam
5YR 5/8 20 C M
18 10YR 2/1 40 5G 6/2 60 D PL Silt clay Gleyed matrix'
22 5G 6/2 100 Silt clay
"Type:C=ConcenVation,D=Depletion,RM=Reduced Matrix,MS=Masked Sand Grains. "Location:PL=Pore Lining,M=Matrix
Hyd�ic Soil Indicators: Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils:
Histisol(A1) Sandy Gleyed MaVix(S4) Coast Prairie Redox(A16)(LRR K,L,R)
Histic Epipedon(A2) Sandy Redox(S5) Dark Surface(S7)(LRR K,L)
Black Histic(A3) Stripped Matrix(S6) 5 cm Mucky Peat or Peat(S3)(LRR K,L,R)
Hydrogen Sulfide(A4) Loamy Mucky Mineral(F1) Iron-Manganese Masses(F12)(LRR K,L,R)
SVatified Layers(A5) Loamy Gleyed Matrix(F2) Very Shallow Dark Surface(TF12)
2 cm Muck(A10) Depleted MaVix(F3) Other(explain in remarks)
Depleted Below Dark Surface(A11) Redox Dark Surface(F6)
Thick Dark Surface(Al2) Depleted Dark Surface(F7) "Indicators of hydrophytic vegetation and weltand
Sandy Mucky Mineral(S1) Redox Depressions(F8) hydrology must be present,unless disturbed or
problematic
Restrictive Layer(if observed):
Type: Hydric soil present? N
Depth(inches):
ema s:
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology Indicators:
Primarv Indicators jminimum of one is reauired:check all that aoolvl Secondarv Indicators(minimum of two reauiredl
Surface Water(A1) Aquatic Fauna(B13) Surface Soil Cracks(66)
High Water Table(A2) True Aquatic Plants(B14) Drainage Pattems(810)
Saturation(A3) Hydrogen Sulfide Odor(C1) Dry-Season Water Table(C2)
Water Marlcs(81) Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots Crayfish Burrows(C8)
SedimeM Deposks(B2) (C3) Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery(C9)
Drift Deposits(B3) Presence of Reduced Iron(C4) Stunted or Stressed Plants(D1)
Algal Mat or Crust(B4) ReceM Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils Geomorphic Position(D2)
Iron Deposits(BS) (C6) X FAC-Neutral Test(D5)
Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery(67) Thin Muck Surface(C7)
Sparsely Vegetated Concave Surface(B8) Gauge or Well Data(D9)
WaterStained Leaves(B9) Other(E�cplain in Remarks)
Fie d ObservaUons:
Surface water present? Yes No X Depth(inches):
Water table present? Yes No —T—Depth(inches): indicators of wetland
Saturation present? Yes No X Depth(inches): hydrology present? N
(includes capillary fringe)
Describe recorded data(sVeam gauge,monitoring well,aerial photos,previous inspections),if available:
ema s:
US Army Corps of Engineers Midwest Region
WETLAND DETERMINATION DATA FORM-Midwest Region
ProjecUSite 2565 North Shore Drive Orono/Hennepin Sampling Date: 10/17/2013
ApplicanUOwner. Jeff Martineau State: MN Sampling Point: 1 1 Wet
Investigator(s): FS TK DR Section,Township,Range: Sec 09 T117N R23W
Landform(hillslope,terrace,etc.): Depression Local relief(concave,convex,none): concave
Slope(°/a): 0 Lat: Long: Datum:
Soil Map Unit NameMuskego,Blue Earth,and Houghton soils,ponded,0 to 1 percerJWl Classification: PEMF
Are climatic/hydrologic conditions of the site typical for this time of the year? Y (If no,explain in remarks)
Are vegetation ,soil ,or hydrology significantly disturbed? Are"normal circumstances"
Are vegetation ,soil ,or hydrology naturally problematic? present? Yes
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS (If needed,explain any answers in remarks.)
Hydrophytic vegetation present? Y
Hydric soil present? Y Is the sampled area within a wetland? Y
Indicators of weUand hydrology present? Y f yes,optional wetland site ID:
Remarks:(Explain alternative procedures here or in a separate report.)
VEGETATION—Use scientific names of plants.
Absolute Dominan Indicator pominance Test Worksheet
Tree Stratum (Plot size: 30' ) %Cover t Species Staus Number of Dominant Species
1 Fraxinus pennsylvanica 10 Y FACW that are OBL,FACW,or FAC: 7 (A)
2 Betula nigra 10 Y FACW Total Number of Dominant
3 Species Across all Strata: 7 (B)
4 Percent of Dominant Species
5 that are OBL,FACW,or FAC: 100.00% (A/B)
20 =Total Cover
Sa�lina/Shrub straturt (Plot size: 15' ) Prevalence Index Worksheet
1 Total%Cover of:
2 OBL species 60 x 1= 60
3 FACW species 35 x 2= 70
4 FAC species 5 x 3= 15
5 FACU species 0 x 4= 0
0 =Total Cover UPL species 0 x 5= 0
Herb stratum (Plot size: 5' ) Column totals 100 (A) 145 (B)
1 Typha angusti/olia 20 Y OBL Prevalence Index=B/A= 1.45
2 Typha/atifolia 20 Y OBL
3 TyphaXg/auca 20 Y OBL HydrophyticVegetationlndicators:
4 /mpatiens capensis 5 N FACW Rapid test for hydrophytic vegetation
5 X Dominance test is>50%
6 X Prevalence index is s3.0*
� Morphogical adaptations*(provide
8 supporting data in Remarks or on a
9 separate sheet)
10 Problematic hydrophytic vegetation'
65 =Total Cover (explain)
Woody vine stratum (Plot size: 30' ) •Indicators of hydric soil and wetland hydraogy must be
1 Vitis�pa�ia 10 Y FACW present,unless disturbed w problematic
2 Solanum dulcamara 5 Y FAC y rop y c
15 =Total Cover �e9etation
present4 Y
Remarks:(Include photo numbers here or on a separate sheet)
US Amy Corps of Engineers Midwest Region
SOIL Sampling Point: 1 1 Wet
Profile Description: (Describe to the depth needed to document the indicator or confirm the absence of indicators.)
Depth Matrix Redox Features
(Inches) Color(moist) % Color(moist) % Type' Loc*" Texture Remarks
6 10YR 2/1 100 Mucky peat
'Type:C=Concentration,D=Depletion,RM=Reduced Matrix,MS=Masked Sand Grains. "Location:PL=Pore Lining,M=Matrix
Hydric Soll Indicators: Indicators for Problematic Hydric Soils:
Histisol(A1) Sandy Gleyed Matrix(S4) Coast Prairie Redox(A16)(LRR K,L,R)
Histic Epipedon(A2) Sandy Redox(S5) Dark Surface(S7)(LRR K,L)
Black Histic(A3) Stripped Matrix(S6) X 5 cm Mucky Peat or Peat(S3)(LRR K,L,R)
Hydrogen Sulfide(A4) Loamy Mucky Mineral(F1) Iron-Manganese Masses(F12)(LRR K,L,R)
Stratified Layers(A5) Loamy Gleyed Matrix(F2) Very Shallow Dark Surface(TF12)
X 2 cm Muck(A10) Depleted Matrix(F3) Other(explain in remarks)
Depleted Below Dark Surface(A11) Redox Dark Surface(F6)
Thick Dark Surface(Al2) Depleted Dark Surface(F7) •Indicators of hydrophytic vegecation and weltand
Sandy Mucky Mineral(S1) Redox Depressions(F8) hydrology must be present,unless disturbed or
problematic
Restrictive Layer(if observed):
Type: Hydric soil present? Y
Depth(inches):
Remarks:
Below six inches of depth soil was too water-infused to hold together and for auger.
HYDROLOGY
Wetland Hydrology i�dicators:
Primarv Indicators(minimum of one is reauired:check all that aoolv) Secondarv Indicators(minimum of lwo reauired�
Surface Water(A1) Aquatic Fauna(B13) Surface Soil Cracks(B6)
High Water Table(A2) True Aquatic PIaMs(814) Drainage Pattems(810)
Saturation(A3) Hydrogen Sulfide Odor(C1) Dry-Season Water Table(C2)
Water Marks(B1) Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roots Creyfish Burrows(C8)
Sediment Deposits(82) (C3) Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery(C9)
Drift Deposits(B3) Presence of Reduced Iron(C4) Stunted or Stressed PIaMs(D1)
Algal Mat or Crust(B4) Recent Iron Reduction in Tilled Soils �Geomorphic Position(D2)
Iron DeposRs(B5) (C6) �FAC-Neutral Test(D5)
Inundation Visible on Aerial Imagery(87) Thin Muck Surface(C7)
Sparsely Vegetated Concave Surface(88) Gauge or Well Data(D9)
WaterStained Leaves(69) Other(Explain in Remarks)
Fiel bservaUons:
Surface water present? Yes No X Depth(inches):
Water table present? Yes X No Depth(inches): 4 Indicators of weUand
Saturation present? Yes X No Depth(inches): 2 hydrology presentT Y
(includes capillary finge)
Describe recorded data(sUeam gauge,monitoring well,aerial photos,previous inspections),if available:
Remarks:
US Army Corps of Engineers Midwest Region
THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION
Plant Indicator Status
INDICATOR CATEGORIES*
Obligate Wetland (OBL)—Occur almost always (estimated probability>99%)under natural
conditions in wetlands.
Facultative Wetland (FACV�—Usually occur in wetlands (estimated probability 67%-99%),
but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
Facultative (FAC)—Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimated probability
34% - 66%).
Facultative Upland (FACi�—Usually occur in non-wetlands (estimated probability 67%-
99%),but occasionally found in wetlands (estimated probability 1% -33%).
Obligate Upland(UPL)—Occur in wetlands in another region,but occur almost always
(estimated probabiliry>99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the region specified. If
a species does not occur in wetlands in any region, it is not on the National List.
*Reed, P.B. 1988. National list of plant species that occur in wetlands: Minnesota. National
Wetlands Inventory,U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, St. Petersburg, Florida.
THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION
Soil Series Descriptions
Acquired from Natural Resource Conservation Service Website,Official Soil Series Descriptions
BLUE EARTH SERIES
The Blue Earth series consists of very deep,very poorly drained soils that formed in coprogenous earth in
postglacial lakes and flood plains. Slopes range from 0 to 1 percent.Mean annual precipitation is about 711
mm(28 inches).Mean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C(48 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Mollic
Fluvaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Blue Earth mucky silty clay loam with a plane level slope in the
bottom of a former postglacial lake; cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless
otherwise noted.)
Ap--O to 25 cm (0 to 10 inches);black (lOYR 2/1) mucky silty clay loam (coprogenous
earth), dark gray(SY 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few snail shells
and fragments of snail shells; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; abrupt smooth
boundary. [20 to 30 cm(8 to 12 inches thick)]
Cg--25 to 173 cm(10 to 68 inches); very dark gray(lOYR 3/1)mucky silty clay loam
(coprogenous earth),very dark gray(SY 3/1) clay loam, and dark olive gray(SY 3/2)
clay loam; few fine prominent dark brown(7.SYR 3/2) and few fine dark reddish brown
(SYR 3/2) Fe concentrations;massive with distinct bedding planes; very friable; snail
shells ranging from few to many in different parts; strongly effervescent; slightly
alkaline.
2Cg1--173 to 183 cm(68 to 72 inches); dark olive gray(SY 3/2) clay loam; massive;
friable; few snail shells; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline; clear smooth boundary.
2Cg2--183 to 203 cm (72 to 80 inches); very dark gray(SY 3/1) clay loam; massive;
friable; common snail shells; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Martin County, Minnesota; about 9 miles south and 7 miles east of
Fairmont; about 472 m(1,550 feet) east and 30 m (100 feet) south of the northwest
corner of sec. 28,T. 101 N., R. 29 W.; USGS East Chain quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 31
minutes 44 seconds N. and long. 94 degrees 19 minutes 16 seconds W.,NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the coprogenous earth and the
depth to loamy glacial till or glacial lacustrine sediments ranges from 76 cm(30 to more
than 203 cm(80 inches). Free carbonates are in all parts of these sediments. The
coprogenous earth contains from 0 to 25 percent by volume of shell fragments.
The Ap or A horizon has hue of lOYR, 2.SY, SY or neutral, value of 2 or 3 and chroma
of 0 to 2. It is mucky silty clay loam,mucky silt loam,mucky silty clay, silt loam or silty
clay loam. Some pedons have muck(sapric) surface layers less than 20 cm (8 inches)
thick.
The Cg horizon has hue of lOYR, 2.SY, SY or neutral, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 0 to
2. It is silt loam, silty clay loam, loam, or clay loam, or mucky analogues. The sand
fraction is mostly fragments of shells. It is slightly alkaline ar moderately alkaline. The
calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 5 to 40 percent.
The 2Cg horizon has hue of 2.SY or SY, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loam,
silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam. It contains 0 to 8 percent by volume of rock
fragments of mixed lithology. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline and has a
calcium carbonate equivalent of 5 to 20 percent. A firm till phase of clay loam with a
moist bulk density of 1.6 to 1.9 gm/cc is also recognized.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Mounclpi•airie and Uturin (T) series. These soils
do not have coprogenous earth in the series control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have plane or slightly concave slopes with
gradient of 0 to 1 percent. They are in small to large lake basins in glacial moraines, flood
plains, and lacustrine plains. These basins formerly had lakes, and most of the lakes were
drained since settlement. These sediments are underlain by loamy till or lacustrine
sediments of the Late Wisconsin glaciation at depths of 76 cm (2.5 to more than 203 cm.
Mean annual temperature is 7 to 11 degrees C (45 to 50 degrees F). Mean annual
precipitation is 610 mm to 813 mm (24 to 32 inches). Frost free days range from 155 to
200. Elevations above sea level range from 213 m to 480 m (700 to 1570 feet).
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are other poorly drained and
very poorly drained mineral and organic soils within the basin and the Clarion and Lester
soils and their respective topographic associates on the adjacent uplands.
DRAINAGE AND SATURATED HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Very poorly
drained. Surface runoff is negligible to ponded. The saturated hydraulic conductivity,
measured in cm per hour, is .OS to 5.1 (.02 to 2.0 inches) in the upper material and .OS to
1.5 (.02 to .6 inches) in the lower part. Seasonal high saturation ranges from plus 91 to 30
cm (3 to 1 foot) for undrained areas of this soil. Areas that are drained have variable
depths to saturation based on the effectiveness of the drainage network.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most of this soil is cropped to corn and soybeans. Some is
used for pasture or hay. Invasive vegetation (after drainage) is mostly sedges, reeds, and
grasses. They lack native vegetation in the conventional sense because these soils were,
until recently, sediments in the bottom of lakes.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA-103. Southern Minnesota and north-central
Iowa. Moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Rock County, Minnesota, 1945.
REMARKS: Problems remain in the classification of these series because no taxon has
been defined in Soil Taxonomy that adequately accommodates soils that have formed
entirely in coprogenous earth. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon
are: Surface horizon that meets requirements of a mollic epipedon except it is underlain
by stratified C horizon. A firm till substratum is recognized in the geomorphic surface
landform of the Kandiyohi till.
In the past some sloping fens were included in the concpet of Blue Earth. Blue Earth is
being restricted to ponded basins and lake beds.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES Central File Code No. 1135 for results of some
laboratory analysis of a representative pedon of this series.
HOUGHTON SERIES
The Houghton series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in
herbaceous organic deposits more than 51 inches thick in depressions on lake plains,
outwash plains, ground and end moraines and on floodplains. These soils have
moderately slow to moderately rapid permeability. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent.
Mean annual precipitation is about 35 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 50
degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic,mesic Typic Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Houghton muck - on a level area in a cultivated field. (Colors are
for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Oal--O to 9 inches; black (N 2.5/0)broken face and rubbed muck(sapric material); about
5 percent fiber, a trace rubbed; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; neutral (pH 7.0
in KCl); abrupt smooth boundary.
Oa2--9 to 13 inches;black(N 2.5/0)broken face, very dark brown (7.SYR 2/2)rubbed
muck(sapric material); about 5 percent fiber, a trace rubbed; weak medium granular
structure; neutral (pH 7.0 in KCl); abrupt smooth boundary.
Oa3--13 to 24 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 3/2)broken face, dark reddish brown
(SYR 2/2)rubbed muck (sapric material); about 15 percent fiber, less than 5 percent
rubbed; massive,breaking to thick platy fragments; neutral (pH 7.0 KCl); abrupt smooth
boundary.
Oa4--24 to 32 inches;black(SYR 2/1)broken face and rubbed muck(sapric material);
about 10 percent fiber, a trace rubbed;massive; about 1 percent woody fragments; neutral
(pH 7.0 in KCl); clear wavy boundary.
Oa5--32 to 48 inches; dark reddish brown(SYR 2/2)broken face,black(SYR 2/1)
rubbed muck(Sapric material); about 20 percent fiber, less than 10 percent rubbed;
massive,breaking to thick platy fragments; neutral (pH 7.0 in KCl); abrupt smooth
boundary.
Oa6--48 to 80 inches; dark reddish brown (SYR 2/2) broken face and rubbed muck
(sapric material); about 10 percent fiber, less than 10 percent rubbed; massive; slightly
sticky; about 15 percent mineral soil; neutral (pH 7.0 in KCl).
TYPE LOCATION: Clinton County, Michigan; about 3 miles northeast of the village of
Bath; 200 feet north and 400 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 12, T. 5 N., R. 1 W.
USGS Bath topographic quadrangle, lat. 42 degrees 49 minutes 43.4 seconds N. and long.
84 degrees 52 minutes 56.9 seconds W.; NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The organic layers are more than 51 inches thick.
The organic fibers are derived primarily from herbaceous plants,but some pedons
contain individual layers which contain as much as 30 percent woody material, however,
the woody fragment content averages less than 15 percent by volume in the control
section. It is very strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
The organic layers have hue of lOYR, 7.SYR, or SYR, value of 2 to 3, and chroma of 1 to
3, or is in 2.5/0. The layers are predominantly muck(sapric material), but in some pedons
mucky peat (hemic material) has a combined thickness of less than 10 inches and peat
(fibric material) less than 5 inches. Some pedons have coprogenous material or marly
material below 51 inches
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Carlisle, Lena, Peteetneet, Saltese, and
Semiahmoo series. Similar soils are the Adrian, Carbondale, Greenwood, Lin�voocl,
Lu ton, Palms, Rifle, and Willette series. Carlisle soils derived dominantly from woody
materials and contain an average of 15 to 30 percent woody fragments in the control
section. Lena soils contain free carbonates throughout. Peteetneet soils are massive or
platy in bottom tier, are on elevations of about 4,500 feet, and are substantially drier in
the moisture control section during the 120 days following the summer solstice. Saltese
and Semiahmoo soils are in areas with mild humid climates. Adrian, Linwood, Palms,
and Willette soils have a mineral substrata depths ranging from 16 to about 50 inches.
Carbondale, Greenwood, Lupton, and Rifle soils are frigid.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Houghton soils occupy closed depressions within lake
plains, outwash plains, ground and end moraines, and on floodplains. Slope gradients are
less than 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from about 30 to 42 inches, and
the mean annual temperature is about 48 to 53 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Adrian, Edselton(T),
Edwards, Moston(T), Muske�o, Palms, and Willette soils. Edselton(T) and Edwards soils
are underlain by marly material at depths of 16 to 51 inches. Moston(T), and Muskego
soils are underlain by coprogenous material between 16 and 51 inches. Poorly or very
poorly drained mineral soils are commonly associated along the margins of the bogs.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. Depth to the seasonal high
water table ranges from 2 foot above the surface in ponded phases to 1 foot below the
surface from September to June. The potential for surface runoff is very slow or ponded.
Permeability is moderately slow to moderately rapid.
USE AND VEGETATION: A considerable area of these soils is used for cropland or
pasture. Common crops are onions, lettuce, potatoes, celery, radishes, carrots, mint, and
some corn. Native vegetation was primarily of marsh grasses, sedges, reeds, buttonbrush,
and cattails. Some water-tolerant trees were near the margin of the bog.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: MLRA 95, 98, 110, 1 ll. Southern part of the lower
peninsula of Michigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, and Illinois. The series is
of large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Roscommon County, Michigan, 1924.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: Well
decomposed organic material from the surface to greater than 51 inches (Oal, Oa2, Oa3,
Oa4, Oa5 and Oa6 horizons)
histic epipedon-muck from the surface to 16 inches (Oal, Oa2, Oa3);
aquic conditions - from the surface to 40 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Record - (MI0024, MI0291 (PONEED),
MI0532 (SLOPING), MI0390(MAA'T>50), MI0383 (FREQUENTLY FLOODED).
Transect data(T98-MI-003) is on file in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana.
Transect shows 100 percent Houghton.
MUSKEGO SERIES
The Muskego series consists of very deep,very poorly drained soils formed in herbaceous organic material
over coprogenous limnic material(sedimentary peat)on glacial lake plains and flood plains.T'hese soils
have moderate or moderately rapid
permeability in the herbaceous organic material and slow permeability in the coprogenous material. Slopes
range from 0 to 2 percent.Mean annual precipitation is about 30 inches near the typical pedon site.Mean
annual temperature is about 49 degrees
F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Coprogenous, euic,mesic Limnic Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDON: Muskego muck- on a slope of less than 1 percent in a cultivated
field at an elevation of about 815 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oap--O to 9 inches;black(lOYR 2/1)broken face and rubbed muck(sapric material);
about 25 percent fiber, 4 percent rubbed;moderate very thick platy structure parting to
moderate fine subangular blocky; friable;many fine roots; mostly herbaceous fiber;
neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
Oal--9 to 14 inches;black(lOYR 2/1)broken face muck(sapric material); about 30
percent fiber, 5 percent rubbed;moderate very thick platy structure parting to moderate
fine subangular blocky; friable; many fine roots; mostly herbaceous fiber; neutral; abrupt
smooth boundary.
Oa2--14 to 30 inches; dark brown(7.SYR 3/2)broken face muck(sapric material)with
few thin(less than 1 inch) layers of mucky peat (hemic material); about 50 percent fiber,
7 percent rubbed; weak thin platy structure; few fine roots; slightly acid; gradual smooth
boundary.
Lcol--30 to 48 inches; dark olive gray(SY 3/2) coprogenous material with fine thin(less
than 1 inch) lenses of yellowish brown(lOYR 5/6)mucky peat(hemic material); weak
very thin platy structure; slightly plastic; neutral; diffuse smooth boundary. ,
Lco2--48 to 60 inches; very dark grayish brown(2.SY 3/2) coprogenous material;
massive; slightly plastic; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Ozaukee County, Wisconsin; about 1 mile east and 2 1/2 miles
south of Fredonia; 2,500 feet north and 500 feet west of the southeast corner of sec. 11,
T. 11 N., R. 21 E. or 350 feet north and 375 feet west of end of farmstead driveway;
USGS Fort Washington topographic quadrangle; latitude -43 degrees, 25 minutes, 58
seconds N. and longitude - 37 degrees, 56 minutes, 34 seconds W. NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Thickness of the herbaceous organic layers and
depth to coprogenous material (sedimentary peat)ranges from 16 to 51 inches. Fibers are
derived primarily from herbaceous plants. Some pedons contain fragments of twigs,
branches, or logs that range from 1/8 to 5 inches in diameter and amount to less than 15
percent of the volume. Reaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral (water, 1:1) in the
surface tier and from strongly acid to slightly alkaline(water, 1:1)in the subsurface and
bottom tiers. Silty clay loam overwash, clay loam substratum, marshy(ponded), and
flooded phases are recognized in some places.
The surface tier has hue of lOYR, 7.SYR, or neutral, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 0 to 2.
The herbaceous organic part of the subsurface and bottom tiers has hue of SYR, 7.SYR or
lOYR or is neutral in hue. Value is 2 or 3 and chroma is 0 to 4. It is dominantly muck
(sapric material),but some pedons have layers of mucky peat (hemic material) up to 10
inches thick.
The Lco horizon has hue of lOYR, 2.SY, SY, or SGY, value of 2 to 5 and chroma of 1 to
3. It is coprogenous material. Reaction ranges from neutral to moderately alkaline and
carbonates are present in some pedons. The Lco horizon has slightly plastic consistence
and shrinks upon drying to form hard clods that are difficult to re-wet.
COMPETING SERIES: These are the Moston and Toto series. Moston soils have sand
below the limnic layer within the 51 inche control section. Toto soils have marl and sand
below the limnic layer within the 51 inch control section.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Muskego soils commonly are in depressional areas
principally associated with glacial lake plains and flood plains,but other geographical
locations are not excluded. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in
herbaceous organic material dominantly from grasses, sedges, and reeds over
coprogenous limnic material (sedimentary peat). Mean annual temperature ranges from
46 to 52 degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 40 inches. The frost free
period ranges from about 130 to 180 days. Elevation ranges from 679 to 1400 feet.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Houghton and Klossner
series. Houghton soils are in nearby areas where the organic deposits are more than 51
inches thick and coprogenous material is not in the lower part of the control section.
Klossner soils are in areas where the coprogenous material is absent and the herbaceous
organic material is underlain by loamy mineral material.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Very poorly drained. The potential for surface
runoff is low or negligible. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the
herbaceous sapric material and slow in the coprogenous material (sedimentary peat).
Most Muskego soils have an apparent water table from 1 foot above the surface to 1 foot
below the surface in most years for much of the period from November to August. Some
Muskego soils have an apparent water table from 3 feet to 1 foot above the surface in
most years for much of the period from January to December.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas remain in natural vegetation and provide
wildlife habitat. Natural vegetation is dominantly grasses, reeds, and sedges with
scattered hardwoods. A few areas have been drained and are used cropland.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southern Wisconsin and southern Minnesota and in
Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Ohio. MLRA 95B, 98, 102A, 103, 104, 105, 108, 110, 1 ll,
114, and 144A. The Muskego soils are of moderate extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: Indianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, 1971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: sapric
materials dominant in the subsurface tier; saturated with water for 6 months or more of
the year; have a limnic layer(coprogenous material) greater than 5 cm thick within the
control section.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Records - WI0046; WI0335 (OVERWASH);
WI0437 (MARSITY); WI0462 (CLAY LOAM SUBST.); WI0520 (FLOODED).
LOCATION TADKEE MN
Established Series
Rev. TCJ-AGG
08/2006
TADKEE SERIES
The Tadkee series consists of very deep, poorly drained and very poorly drained soils formed in a
mantle of sandy material underlain by loamy glacial till at 20 to 40 inches on lake beaches on moraines.
Permeability is rapid in the sandy materials and moderate in the loamy glacial till. Slope ranges from 0
to 2 percent. Mean annual precipitation is about 28 inches. Mean annual air temperature is about 47
degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Sandy over loamy, mixed, superactive,nonacid, mesic Mollic Endoaquents
TYPICAL PEDON: Tadkee loamy fine sand, on a 1 percent slope, in pastured area. (Colors are for
moist soil unless otherwise indicated.)
A--O to 6 inches; very dark brown(lOYR 2/2) loamy fine sand, grayish brown (lOYR 5/2) dry; weak
medium granular structure parting to single grain; very friable; many very fine and fine roots; neutral;
clear wavy boundary. (3 to 9 inches thick)
Bgl--6 to 17 inches; grayish brown (2.SY 5/2) fine sand; single grain; loose; few very fine roots; few
fine prominent brown(7.SYR 4/4) Fe concentrations; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Bg2--17 to 34 inches; grayish brown(2.SY 5/2) sand; single grain; loose; about 12 percent gravel; few
medium prominent brown(7.SYR 4/4) Fe concentrations; neutral; clear wavy boundary. (Combined
thickness of the Bg horizon is 6 to 35 inches.)
2Cg1--34 to 68 inches; olive gray(SY 5/2) clay loam; massive; firm; about 8 percent gravel; common
medium prominent greenish gray(SGY 5/1) Fe depletions and common medium prominent dark reddish
brown(SYR 3/4) Fe concentrations; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary. (0
to 20 inches thick)
2Cg2--68 to 80 inches; olive gray(SY 5/2) loam;massive; firm; about 8 percent gravel; common
medium prominent greenish gray(SGY 5/1) Fe depletions and common medium prominent dark reddish
brown(SYR 3/4) Fe concentrations; slightly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Waseca County, Minnesota; about 2 miles north of Janesville; located about 2,200
feet west and 450 feet south of the northeast corner of section 21, T. 108 N., R. 24 W.; USGS Elysian
topographic quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 08 minutes 47 seconds N. and long. 93 degrees 42 minutes 54
seconds W.,NAD 83.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The depth to the 2C horizon ranges from 20 to 40 inches. Rock
fragments, dominantly gravel, ranges from 0 to 5 percent by volume in the A horizon, 0 to 20 percent in
the Bg horizon, and 2 to 8 percent in the underlying loamy glacial till.
The A horizon has hue of l 0YR or neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2. It is loamy fine sand,
loamy sand, fine sand, sand, or their mucky and gravelly analogues. The reaction is slightly acid to
slightly alkaline.
The Bg horizon has hue of lOYR or 2.SY, value of 4 to 6, and chroma of 1 or 2. It is loamy fine sand,
loamy sand, fine sand, sand, or their gravelly analogues. The reaction is slightly acid to slightly alkaline.
A Cg horizon is present in some pedons. Colors and textures are similar to that of the Bg horizon.
The 2Cg horizon has hue of 2.SY or SY, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 1 to 2. It is loam or clay loam.
The reaction is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline.
COMPETING SERIES: There are no competing series.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Tadkee soils are on beaches and rims of glacial and present lakes. Slope
ranges from 0 to 2 percent. The soils formed in a mantle of sandy material underlain by loamy glacial till
at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 32 inches. Mean annual air
temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F.
GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: Tadkee soils can be associated with many upland
glacial till soils.
DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Poorly and very poorly drained. Surface runoff is negligible.
Permeability is rapid in the upper sandy mantle and moderate in the 2C horizon.
USE AND VEGETATION: Most areas of these soils are used for pasture or wildlife habitat. Native
vegetation is water tolerant grasses and trees.
DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Mostly east-central Minnesota with limited areas in south-central
Minnesota. The series is of very minor extent in MLRA-103.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Waseca County, Minnesota, 2001. The name is coined.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: ochric epipedon: the zone
from 0 to 6 inches (A horizon); aquic moisture regime.
These soils were included with the Belleville and Essexville soils in the past.
_ _
National Cooperative Soil Survey
U.S.A.
P oto Lo
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