HomeMy WebLinkAboutWetland Classification/Identification/Delineation Report-2010 D (� l� i� � �Il�
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s�� � 4 «�a
710 Gander Rd.
Orono MN
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Wetland Classification, Identification, and
Delineation Repor�
Prepar•ed for:
David Daniels
ay:
Svoboda Ecological Resources '
Pcoject Number 2010-013-Q3 '
June l 5,2010
The contents and format of this report are considered intellectual property and ',
are subject to copyright restrictions and may not be reproduced without '
the express per►uission of Svoboda Ecological Resources. ',
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TABL� OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT.................................................................................................................................... I '
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................................................... 1 '
NIETHODS.....................................................................................................................................2
RESULTS.......................................................................................................................................3
Background Information-(Office-Based Investigation)......................................................3 ,
SiteVisit .............................................................................................................................6 !
DISCUSSION.................................................................................................................................8
�
RECONIMENDATIONS...............................................................................................................8 ;
CERTIF[CAT[ON....................................................................................................................... 10 ;
DATASOURCES........................................................................................................................ 11
LITERATURE REFERENCED................................................................................................. f 2
FULL�'1GURE SET:
Figure l; Location of Site Overiaid on USGS Topographic IVlap
Figure 2: Nationat Wetlands Inventory :
Figure 3: Hen��epin County SoiI Sarvey :
Figure 4: DNR-Protected Waters Map
Figure 5: ApproYimate Wet[and Boundary and Sample Locations '
THI;TECHNICAL DOCUM�NTATIOiY SECTION: �
Field Data Sheets '
Plant Indicator Status
Soil Series Data '
Wetland Definition '
;
i
ABSTRACT
SVOI)O(Ip ECOIO�lCfll RC'.5'Olfl'Ce.S �,SER) ��isilec!t{rc� above 1•eferefaced property nn ,�Icry ZJ, 2010 to
e.��nnri�re the site,Jor the presej�ce of�n�'2Q.S ll1e2111?� �NQt�CIi?CI G�iter•ra. T{re svurlv prrrcel is locntecl
wit{liri the City of Orona, Nerirteprrt Cnurrty �Ltinnesotc�, (Figtu•e 1). O�te tii�etlarrd fioundary wus
c%line�ited �rt this site. D�Te sunr��le �ru��sect tit��r.s• estnhlishecl alnrrg tlte botrrrd�r�y i►1 a•der• tn
chrrructeriae fhe soil, vegelrrlrora, ancf exi.stirlg hydrology tivithifr Ihe ti��ella�ul-tn-trplartd transrtion
zone.
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I'igure 1: USGS Topographic Nfap
IIVTRODUCTION
T�Ile subject parcel is appro�imately 2.66 acres and is dominated by t��rt'grass and hard�vood trees.
The topography of the site declines west to east towards the wetland area at varying de��ees and ,
undulates within the�vetland acea. The surroundin;land use consists rnostly of sin;le-family homes. '
S�oboda Ecological Rcsources 710 Gander Road ',
Project No.:?Ul0•O13-03 � Ua�id Da�iiels ',
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The identified wetland was classified according to the Cowardin et al, and the Circular 39
classification systems and marked with pink"Wetland Delineation"pin flags. Please find within the
Technical Documentation Section; field data sheets,plant indicator status informaTion, soil survey
informatian, and wetland definition information.
METHODS
The methods used to delineate the subject parcel are as described in the 1987 US Army Corps of
Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual and the 2007�Vlid�vest Region Supplement Manual, In the
1487 Manuat, the methods used �vere described under the "routine" methods for sites less than 5 '
acres. This methodology is fotlowed in order to assess whether the three parameters of a wetland are '
met for areas on the subject parcel. The three parameters required under normal circumstances in i
order to delineate a wetland are described in the Technical Documentation Section. '
The Midwest Regional Supplement Wetland DeiineaUon Mam�al is also being utilized to increase
the accuracy of our wetland boundaries. This addendum to the original 87 Manual was created to
address the many regional differences that affect wetlands and the delineation methods used ;
throughout the country. The following esplanations are passages from that document. '!
"This Regional Supplement is part of a nationwide effart to address regional
wetland characteristics and improve the accuracy and efficiency of �vetland- ,
delineation procedures. Regional differeitces ii�climate,geology,soils,hydrology ,
plant and animal commtinities,and ottler factors are important to the ideutificatio�� '
and functioning of�vetlands.These difterences cannot be considered adequately in a
single national manual. The development of this supplement follo�vs National
Academy of Sciences recommendations to increase the regional sensitivity of
wetland-delineation methods(National Research Council 1995).The intent of this
supple�iient is to bring the Corps �tanual up to date with current knowkedge and
practice in the region and riot to cl�ange wettand boundaries." "...This Regional
5upplement is designed for use with the current versiox� of the Corps �tanual
(Envira�mental Laboratory 1987)and all subsequent versions.Where differences in
the hvo documents occur, this Regional Suppiement takes precedence over the
Corps i�ianual for applications in the�(idwest Region."
National Wetland Inventory(NWI}maps(Figure 2),Soil Siu�veyof Hennepin Coimry maps(Figure
3),Minnesota Protected Waters maps(Figure 4),and 200b aerial photographs were reviewed prior to
the site visit to identify areas that may be wetlands. Areas illusteating evidence ofwet(and conditions
were examined in greater detail during the field suivey. Vegetation, soils and hydrology �vere
examined (as out[ined in the 1987 Manual) and used to characterize wetla�id types and determine
wetland boundaries. A sample transect was established in a representative wetland-to-upland
transition zane in order to charactei•ize tlie vegetation,soils,and hydrology of the site. The transect
consisted of a representative upland sample point and representative wetland sample point.
Information obtained from the sample points can be found on the field data slleets located in the
Technical Documentation Section.
Svoboda Ecologicnl Resources 710 Crender[toad
Project�lo.:20(0•013-03 2 David C3aniels :
Wetland boundaries were marked at the site by pink"Wetland Delineation"pin tlags.The'`�vetland
bounda�y" is consideeed to be the topographically highest extent of the �vetland basin; areas below
the staked boundaiy met the tfvee required wetland criteria while areas above were lacking in one or
more of these criteria. Wetland classitication fol(o�ved methods described by Co�vardin et al.(1979)
and used in the NWI (e.g. PEMB, PSS I C,etc.), completed by the U.S. Fish ancl Wildlif'e Service.
Tfie Ci►•eular 34 classification system is also given. T1ie indicator status of plants, as described in
The Technical Documentation Section,�vas detei-�nined using the National List of Plant Species That
�ccur in Wetlands—Region 3 (Sabine 1999).
RESULTS
Background Information-(Of�ce,Based lnvestigation)
The NWI map(Excelsior Quadrangle)illustrates one National Wetland[nventory wetland complex
present on t{ie property(Figt�re 2).
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I'igure 2: National Wetland Inventory ��Iap
Svoboda Ecological Resources 710 G�mder Road
Project Na.:2010-U13-03 3 David Daniels
The Soil Survey of Hennepin County,Fig�u•e 3, indicates three soil comple:ces present on the subject
property(See Figure 3). Two soil complexes are classitled as hydric soil (SCS Hydric Soils ofthe
United States),and are illustrated with blue crosshatching on Figure 3. Soil series descriptions are
given in the Technical Documentation Section.
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Figure 3: Hennepin County Soil Siu�vey
Svoboda Ecologieal Rzsources 710 Ciander Road
Project No.:?010-013-0� c� pavid Qaniels
The �finnesota Department of N�tural Resources, State Protected Waters Map (Public Watee
Inventory), indicates one Public Water(Frencll fVtarsh) present within the propeirty(Figure 4).
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Svoboda Gcoloeical R�sourccs 710 Gandcr Road
Project No.:201U-0l3-03 5 David Qviicls
7
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1
Site Visit
SER eco fogists eYamined the subject property for areas meeting jurisdictional�vetland criteria during
the site visit. One wetland meeting the jurisdictional criteria of a�vetland, for which a boundary was
deter�nined and delineated, was flagged. The approsimate tivetlal�d boundary is outlined in yellow
(Figure 5), Detailed soils,vegetation,and hydrology data foc•the delineated jurisdictional wetland is
provided in the data sheets of the Technical Documentation Section. T'able I, below, identifies
several pertinent �vetland attributes as they pertain to the wetland basin in its entirety.
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Svoboda Ecological Resourczs 710 Gander Road
Project Na:2U 10-013-03 ( Uavid Utuiiels
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SvoboJa�:cologica►Rzsources 7l0 G�ndcr Road
Pmject No.:Z010-013-03 '] Da��id Dvlicls
Table 1: Wettand attributes. See tfle Data Sheets within the Technical Documentation Section for a II
detailed description and analysis oFeacfi sample point. �
� �
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reecl c��nar�� `�ras� (�'huluri.� rrrtr�tcli�rcrcrrr. ��\(`��'►
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� PF.i��l'SS 1 C' Yes I-I�dric box elder(.lccr nc��Jrniclo, F�1C�V)
river-bank �r�ipe(lili.c r�il�cu�iu, 1��1('��')
narrc����-Icat�cattail ('7'�'�Iru n�r�rr.+�tif��liu, (aE3L) I
DISCUSSION
SER completed afl on-site delineations based on the three required technical criteria as outlined by
the f 987 t�lanual: the presence of hydric soils, a predominance of hydroph�rtic vegetation, and
indicatocs of tvetland hydcology in each basin. The site visit portion of the�vetland delineation �vas
completed on May 2�, 2010.
SER personnel examined the subject property for areas meeting jurisdictional wetland criteeia during
the site visit and delineated the edge of one basin as beingjurisdictional�vetland{Figure 5). Detailed
soils, vegetation and hydrology data for Wetland 1 is provided in the data sheets of The Technical
Documentation Section. A set of fiill-scale tigures is given in the tigures section.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Activities �vhich i►npact or potentially impact wetlands are currently regulated at several levels ot
government. In Viinnesota, the nvo primaiy jurisdictions are covered at the state and federal levels
by the provisions of tlie follo�ving legislative actions.
> State jurisdiction by the Wetland Conservation Act of 1991 (WCA)administered
by the WCA Local Governmental Unit(LGU).
� Federal jurisdiction by the Clean Water Act of 1972 and subsequent amendments,
Wetland protection is implemented by the Corps of Engineers(Corps) with pecmit
certitic�tion issued by the Environmental Protection Agency.
S�obodl Ecological Rcsuurces 710 C�ndcr Road
Project vo.:201U-013-03 g David Da�iicls
i
I
�
�
While the wetland boundaries that SEEt has delineated are not official until approved by a WCA
approved local government unit(LGU), SER advises the property o�vner/developer to refrain from
any filling, draining, or excavating, or any impact to the area SER l�as delineated as wetland. No
grading or filEing in wetland basins should commence until all necessary permits have been obtained.
Violation of wetland regulations has resulted in substantial civil and criminal penalties, Local
ordinances may regulate wetland madifications such as brusl� and tree removal and burning in
addition to grading and filling. Depending on the location of the property, buffers around the '�
wetland may also be protected. Any activities in the proximity of the wetland should be cleared with ',
appropriate WCA regulatory agencies. [t is a(so advisable ta have the�vetland boundary suiveyed by ,
a licensed land suiveyor. Since the pin flags used along the boundary can be vandalized or �
inadvertently knocked over,a GPS survey of the flags will assure tlie permanence of tlie boundary. i
The c(ient should also be aware that approved wet(and boundaries are typically valid foi•only three �
years from the date of approval. j
�
To avoid project delays associated with wetland regulations,it is essential that you acquire necessary
permits from all jurisdictional agencies before initiating activities. A WCA Sequencing form, a ,
WCA and Army Corps of Engineers Replacement Plan Application form, and a DNR permit ;
application are among the materials that you may be required to submit if impacts are pE•oposed for '
the delineated wetlands. By initiating the permit pi•ocess as soon as possible,potential costly delays '
to the project may be avoided. '
Svoboda Ecological Resources 710 Crinder Rond
Projeet No.:201Q-013•03 9 David Dviiets
CERTIFICATI�N
Brian Burgner completed the above-described delineation on May 2S, 2010. This de(ineation was ',
performed according to the procedures described by the US Army Corps of Engineers in the 1987 ,
Wetlands Delineation Manual and the 2007 Midwest Region Supplement Wetland Delineation '
Manual. "I'he delineation meets the standards and a criterion described in tl�ese manuals and
conforms to the app(icable standards and regulations in force at the time the delineation was
completed.
Report and graphics tivere prepared by Brian Burgner(Wetland Ecologist [I) on this day, Jcine 15,
2010.
Client: David Daniels
Project Name: 710 Gander Road
Project No.: 2010-013-03
Location: Orono, Ntinnesota
Ecologist II
Wetland Delineator-Certifed # l 124
��- d�
President, Svoboda Ecofogical Resources
Jtrrre 1,5, 2010 '
Date '
i
Svoboda Ecological Resources 7l0 Gander Road
Pro,ject No.:2610-013-03 �� David Daniels
DATA SOURCES
Ylinnesota Department of Natural Resources Protected Waters �nventory Niap, Hennepin Caunty.
1985, Revised 1996.
Soil Sin•vey of Hennepin Cottnty. 2004 U.S.D.A. 1059pp, plus appendices.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetland Inventory Nlap—E�celsiof•
Quadrangle. 1991. (Taken from Ntay 1980 aeria( photographs),
USGS Quadrangle Nlap—Escelsior 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Minnesota, US.A.
2009 USGS Aerial Color Photos. Publicly Distributed Over the Land Management Information
Center(LMIC) Website.
�
Svoboda Ecologicnl ltesources 7 t0 Gander Road ;
Prajrct No.:2010-013-03 1 1 Unvid Uaniels
LITERATURE REFERENCED
Cowardin, L.M., V, Cacter, F.C. Golet, and R.T. LaRoe. 1979. Clnssification of Wetlands nnd ',
Deeptivater Nabitats of the Urtited States. U.S. Fish and Wiid(ife Service, FWS/OBS-79/31. '',
103pp. '
Eggers, Steve D. and Donald M. Reed. 1997. Wetland Plants anc!Plnnt Commtmities of '
��finnesota and Wisconsin. US Army Corps of Engineers, St. Paul District. 263pp, unclassifted.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. 1987 U.S. A��my Coips ofEngineers Wetlands Delineation
�Ltant�al. Technica( Report Y-87-1, US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station,
Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Gleason, H.A. and A.C. Cronquist. 1991. Ntnnual of Vascular Plants of��Vof•thenstern United
Srates af��lA�jacent Canucln. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 910pp.
National Technical Committee for Hydric Soils. 1991, Hydi•rc Snils of the United States.
USDA Soil Conservation Service, Washington, D,C., Misc. Pt�blication Number 149t. 1991.
Sabine, B.J. 1999. Natfonnl List of Plant Specie,s that Occu1�if7 Wetlands: Region 3—No��th ;
Central(In�linna, Illirrois, Iow�r, �Liichigan, �Liinnesota, d�Iissouri, Wisco��sin). Resource '
Management Group, Inc. 77pp. ���;
Shaw, S.P.,and C.G. Fredine. 1956. �Yetlands of the Urritecl States. U.S. Fish and Wildtife ',
Service, Circular 39. 67pp. '
U,S. Army Corps of F.ngineet•s. 2007. I�iterifrt Regio»al Strpplenrer2t to the Coips of Engineers ',
tYetland Delrneation�Liafrual: �Lfid�vest Region, ed. J.S. Wakeley, R.W, Lichvar,and C.V. ',
NobeL ERDC/EL TR- . Vicksburg, MS: US Army Engineer Research and Development '
Center. '
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Svoboda Ecological Resources 710 Gander Road '
Project No.:2010-0(3-�3 �2 David Danicls
;
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e• ��� ^^ � � t� s, �
�' � ..�. ,,lf `''� ��` � � ��� � .� '����t"� �'�� � "�'�` �����
- .. � .
, ,� • � ���� � � �� ��. � a�� +� `� ��� ���
� " �'���. ,' .� �� � �� �yti� ���� -
w �t � '�;
� �� Approximate Parcel Boundary � �� � � ''�� , ,
_ = Tn �� ° :
� Approximate Wetland Boundary � f � �� ,r
.. �� l�' ti� .� �
� Samp[e Points ,, �i. �"�►, � .
4, � � �
'
'�.._ a a �' ^ i � " � � , �s
-`�-" z- t. s. � . # ._.... � e�.
Part of 5ec. 14 '
T117N,R23W. Wetland Boundary Map a _ � _ , Figure 5
Overlaid on 2006 Aeriai Image ���
2010-013
t���SVOBODA o 5o ioo zoo 710 Gander Road
�{,,'.� Ecological Resources Feet Orono, MN
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THE TECHIVICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION '
Field Data Sheets
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� SVOBODA ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
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{� � Wetlands Inventory& Delineution•Fisher•ies•WAdlife•Natural Communities
ProJed/Site: ��0 Gander E�oad Cliy/County: Orono/He�mepin Sampiing Date: �"ZS-10
AppllcanUOwner: �avid Daniels State: �'E'� Sampling Polnt: SP 1-1 �Vet
Invesilgator(sy: B�� Section,Township,Range: Part of Section 14,Tl 17N,lL3\V
Landform(hllislops,tercaca,etc.): Q�S1° local relief(concave,convex,none): concave
Sbpe(°,6j: � LaG Long: Datum: �9g3 UTh1
Soil Mep Unit Name; Hamei-Glencoc NWI classifieaBon: PSS!/E�iC
Are dtmatfe/hydrologic conditions on the sfte typfcal for lhis Ume of year? Yes � No (I[no,explatn In Remarks.)
Are Vegatatfon .Shc ,or Hydrology significantiy d(sturbed? Are'Nortnal Circumstances'present? Yes � No
Are Vegetalion .Soil ,or Hydrology naturally problemaUc? (If needed,expiain any answers fn Remartcs.)
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS— Attach slte map showing sampiing polnt locations,t�ansects,important teatures,etc.
Hydrophytic Vegetatfon Presenll Yes '' No Is the 3ampted Area within s Wetland? Yea '' No
Hydtic So(I P�eEen11 Yes � No Distance trom Dalineated Edge `�Ft. Abova Below �
WeUand Hydrology Present7 Yes � No
Remacics:
VEGETA7EON—Use scientifcc names of plants.
Absoluie dominant Indlcetor pominance Tast worksheet:
Tree Siratum (Ptot stzes: 30f' ) 96 Cover scedes? Staius
lUimru�r�.c rnthorfrca 30 ✓ FACU Number of Dominant SpeGes �
1• That Are OBL,FACW,or FAC: (A)
2. .dcernegrmdo ?0 ✓ FACW
3 Total Number of Domfnant
SpeGes Across All SUala: 5 (B)
4.
Percent of Dominant Spedes
'• Thal Are OBt,FACW,or FAC: �00 ���
Total Covar. �o
�anli Shrub Straiurt� ( l�-f7 ) Prevafenee Index workaheet:
�, Acer iTegi�irdo 5 ✓ FACtV Total 96 Caver oL• Muttfotv by: .
2, 08L spec(es x 1=
3. FACW speaes �oo x 2� �oo
4. FAC speGes. ' x 3= �S ,
5. FACU BpBGeS a0 X q a t60 '
Total Cover: ' UPL specfas x 5=
Herb Siratum s f,r�-„�, ,
t.
ancaeinaln�nlle�m ' I� FACW CotumnTotals: ��� (/�� 375 (B�
2. Rhnmroec ca1/r�rrucrt 10 f�CU Ptevaience Index =B!A z �6 !
3. Pl�olarrs �,n„r�ri���,«•� �� ✓ �.�cw Hydropfiytic Vegetadon Indlcators•
4. ('ore.r sp. � -"--"'- � Oominance Test is>50� �����
5. Ynrlhrirocns�es quu�que�nlra � FAC ° Prevalence Index is 53.0'
g, Morphological AQaptalions'(Provide suppoNng
data in Remarks or on e separafe sheet)
�� ProWemaUc HydrophyUc Vegetation�(Exptain) '
8. — '
9. �
�tndicators of hydric soil and wetland hydroiogy must
16. be present. '
Totai Cover: 8`� '
Woodv Vine Stratum ( 30� ) �
1. 15tis ripuna i ✓ fACIV Hydrophyllc I'
Vegetation '
2' Present? Yes � No
Total Cover. '
Remarks: (Indude photo numbers here or on a separale sheet.} ,
US Army Corps of Englneers Midwest Region—DRAFT Version 8-1-2007
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��'r�SVOBODA ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
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'�j�;,f+ Il i�llanJ.s b�se�t7ory cf Ueliue�riio�t•I�is/terietc•l iildlifc•,Vunu•rd Coumr�uiilies
SOlL Sampting Point: SP I-I Wet
P�oflle Descrlption: (Dasc�lbe!o the dvpth naoded to docurnant the indicator or conflrm the absance of Indtcators,)
Depth Matrix Redox Fealures
nncnesi co�or cmas�� _� coior[moisn _ �_����ocr Tezlwe Remarks
0-3 lOYR 2/1 �oa SiL
3-15 N 2.5/0 ioa Oa
15-22 N 2.5/0 160 Clay 1�iucky
'7 : C=ConoenUaUon D=De IeUon,RM=Reduced Matrix CS■Covered or Coated Sand Greins. 'Locat(on: PL=Pore UN .M=Matrix.
Hydric 8011 ladlcatara: Indicators for ProblemaNc Hyd�ic Sails:
_ Hlatosol(A1) _ Sandy Gleyed Matrix(S4) _ Coast Pralrie Redox(A18)
_._, Hlatic Epipedon(A2) _Sandy Redox{S5) _ Iron•Manganese Masses(Ft2)
'' Bladc Hiat(c(A3) _ SUipped Matrlu(S8) _ Other(Expiain In Remarks)
� Hydrogen Suifide(A4} Loamy Mucky M(neral(F1)
_ Stratiftad Layers(A5) ^ Loamy Gleyed Malrix(F2)
_2 an Mudc(At0) _ Depleted MaUlx(F3)
_, Deplated Below Dar1c Surface(A11} Redox Dark Surteoe(FS}
_Thfdc Dark Surface(At2) _ Depleted Datk Suriace(F� 3tndicators of hydrophytic vegetatlon and
_ Sandy Mucky Mlnerat(51) _ Redox Depresslons(F8) wetland hydrobgy must be present.
5 cm Mucky Peat or Peat(S3)
ResMaGva Lavar pf obsarvedl:
Type:
Depth pnches): Hydric Soil Present? Yos � Mo
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
WatlanQ Hydrology Indicatora:
Primarv Indlcators tminimum Qt one is�eauired:check e�that auulvl Secondarv Indlcators(minfmum of two reoulredl
_ S�ateoe Water(A1) _Water•Stafned Leaves{69} _ Surface Soft C�acks(88)
_,High Water Ta61e(A2) _AquaUc Fauna(B13j _ Ota(nage Pattems(810)
� Salwalion(A3) _Ttue AquaIIc Plants(B14) _ Dry�Season Waler Table(C2)
_.., Water Marks(Bt) _ Hydrogen Sulflde Odor(C1) _ CrayBsh Bur�ows(C8)
Sedfinent Deposits(B2} _ Oxidized RE�izospheres on Uving Roots(C3) _ Saluralion Visible ort Ae�fal Imagery(C9)
,_ Drift[3aposits(B3) _ Presence of Reduced Iron(C4) =, Geomorphic PosiUon(D2)
_Ngal Mat or Crust(84) _ ReceM Iro�Redudlon in TiUed Sofls(Cfi) = FAGNeuUal Test(05}
_, iron Deposita(BS) _Thfn Muck SuAace(C7)
_ InundaUon Vtsibls on Aedal imagery(B7) _Gauge or Weil Data(D9)
_Sparsety Vegetated Concave Surface(B8) _ Other(Explain In Remarics)
Fleld ObservaUona;
Surtace Water Present? Yes No " Depth(fnches):
Water Table Present? Yes ° No Depth(inches): g
SeluraUon Present? Yes '' No Depth pnches): 3 Wetland Hydrotogy Present? Yes � No
indudes ca Ola hin e
Descnbe Recorded Data{stream gauga,monitoring wetl,aerial photos,prev�ous fnspections),if available:
Rema�cs:
US Army Corps of Engineers Mid�rrest Region—DRAF7 Verslan&1-2007
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% � � SVOBUDA EC�LUGICAL RESUURCES ;
� +� Wetlands Invenro�y&Delineafion•Fisheries•Witcllife•Natural Communities �
ProJeeUSite: ��0 Gander Road City/County: Orono/Hennepin SampHngDale: 5-25-16
ApplicanUOwner. Dnvid Qanicis Stale: �'� SampNng Pa�nt; SP 1-1 Up
Investigalor(s}: B�`B SecUon,Townsh{p,Range: P��f Section l4,Tl 17N,FL?31U '
landform(hplslope,teRace,eteJ: Upslope Loeal relief(concave,convex,none): �ione
Slope{96): 2 Lat: Long; Datum: �y83 UTM ',
SOtt M8p Unit Name: Hamel-Glencoe NWI classifiealEon: none
Are dlmalic/hydrotogic conditfons on the sfte typical(or this time of year? Yes � No (It no,explaEn In Remarks.} i
Are Vegetatfon .Soll ,or Hydrology s(gn(flcantty disiurbed7 Are'Normai Circumstances'presentl Yas � No
Are Vegetation .Soll ,or Hydrolo9Y naturalfy problemalfcl (if needed,expiain any answers In Remartcs.) �
SUMMARY OF FINDINGS— Attach slte map showing sampltng polnt locatlons,t�ansects,fmportant features,etc. I
Hydrophyttc VegetaQon Present7 Yes No
✓ Is the Sampied Area wilhin a Wetland? Yea ko � i
H ric Soil Present? Yes No ''
� � Distance from Oelineated Edge '�Ft. Above ✓ Below
Wetland Hydrology Present? Yes No
Rema�tcs:
VEGETATIOfV—Use scientifc names of plants. '
Absolute Dominant Indicator pominanceTestwoHceheet;
Tree Siralum (Plot sizes: �0� } 96 Cover Scedes? a us Number of Dominant Species
� Rlrantnus cm6nr�rca l5 ✓ FACL' jhet Afe OBL,FACW,or FAC: � (A}
2. .I cer iregiuie�n I 0 FAC LV j
TotaE Number oi Domfnanl '
3• Species Across All Slrata: 2 (B) '
4� Percent of Domirtant Spedes �
5• That Are OBL,FACW,ar FAC: � ��? i
Total Cover: '�'
§aollna/ShrubSiralum ( r�-�� ) Prevaienceindexworkeheat:
1. 7ota1%Cover of; MulUolv bv:
2. OBI.specles x 1=
3. FACW spedes x 2=
4. FAC spectes x 3=
5. FACU Spedes X 4=
Fota1 Cover: UPL apecies x 5=
Herb SVatum ( =-f��°�� )
Cdumn Tatals: (A) (8)
1. :Irnnenra Iriplfyltum IO FACW ''�,
2. tUmnrnusca�Gnrnca 6� ✓ FACU Prevelenc8lndex =B/{1= �'�,
3 Laporteo cmiader�sis ? FACW Hydrophytic Yegetadon indieators:
q, Domfnance Tes!Is>50%
g, Prevalence tndex is 53.0'
g, Marphalogical Adaptatlons'(Provide supporting ,
7.
data in Remarks ar on a separate sheeq '
8. —
Problemadc Hydrophytic VegetaGon'(Explaln)
9,
�� 'Indicators of hydric so)1 and weiland hydralogy must !
be present.
Total Cover. 30 '
W_oodv Vlne Stratum ( 10fr } i
t. Hydrophytic
Vegetatlon
2. P�esenYt Yes No '' '
Total Cover.
Remarks: QnGude photo numbers here or on a seperate sheet.) '
US Army Corps of Enginears Mfdw�est Regfon—DRAFT Version 8-1-2007
s`,��.�SVOBODA ECOLOGICAL RESOURCES
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��1;��`. ff i�da�r�ls Jurc+tlnr��if Dc�Jia��utinu•!•7sfuvics•f i5ldlifc•,1'alr�rnf C��mnnrnitics
S01L Sampling Poinl: SP 1-I Up
Proflle Descrfp0on: {Descrtbe to lha depth naedad to document the fndtcator ar conflrm the ab�ance of Indicaton.)
Deplh Matrix Redox Features
(tnchesl Color(moisll � Color(molstl � Tyne Lacr Te�cture Remarks
0-7 lOYR 2/1 ioo SI.
7-10 lOYR 2!I �oo SCL
10-20 N 2.5/0 I00 SC '
20-22 I OYR 3/1 100 SC
'T : C=ConcenUatlon D=Oe IeUon RMaReduoed Matrix,CSsCovered or Coaled Sand Grafns. 'Location: PL•Pore LiM ,MaMalrix. '
Hydrtc Soll Indicators: Indicators for Probtematic Hydric Soils:
_ Histosol(A1) _ Sendy Gleyed Matrix(S4) _ Coast Praide Redox(A18)
Hiaqc Eplpedon(A2) ,_ Sandy Redox(S5) r Iron�Martganase Masses(F12) ',
._, Black NisUc(A3) _, Strfpped MaMx(S6) _ Other(Explafn]n Remarks) ',
_ Hydrogen Sulflde(A4) _ Loamy Mucky Mineral(Fi) ,
SlraUfled Laysts(A5j _ Loamy Gleyed MaUfx(F2) '
_ 2 an Muck(A10) _ Depteled Matrix(F3} '
^ Depieted Bebw Da�tc Surface(Ati) _ Redox OaAc Surface(FB)
'fhfck Dark Suriace(At2) _ Depleted Dark Surface(F� 'Indicatars of hydrophyttc vegetatlon and
_ Sandy Mucky Mineral(S1) ,_ Redox Depressions(F8) wetfand hydrology musl be present. '
5 cm Mudry Peat or Peat(S3) I
RaalNct{ve Laverlif observedl: �
Type: ✓ '
Depth pnct�es); HydrEc Soll Pre:enYt Yes No �
Remarks:
HYDROLOGY
Wetlend Hydrologylndlcators:
Priman+tndicators Iminimum oF one fs reauired•check al!that aonN1 Secondarv Indicators(m{nfmum ot hvo[eouired} ,
SuAace Water(At} _Water-Stained Leaves(89) _Surface Soit Cracks(68)
,_, High Waler Table(A2} _Ar�uatk Fauna(Bt3) _ Dra(nage Patlems(Bl0) ,
_SaturaUon(A3� �Tn�e Aquatic Planls(814) _ Dry-Season Water Table(C2)
_Watar Marks(81) _ HydroQen SulRde ador(C1) _ Crayfish 8urrows(CB)
^ Sedlment Depasita(B2) _ Oxidized Rhizospheres on Living Roats(C3) _ Saturation Visible on Aerial Imagery(C9)
Ddft Deposits(83) _ Presence af Reduced fron(Gdj ' Geomorphic PosiUon(�2}
_ Algal Mal or Cruat(64j _ Recenl Iron Redudion{n Tilled Sol►s{C8) ; FAGNeuUal Test(D5)
_ Iron Deposits{B5) _ Th�n Muck SuAace(C7) !
,_ InundaEfon Vlsible ort Ae�ial imagery(87) _ Gauge or Weii Oata(D9)
_ Spa�sety Vegeisted Concave Surface(68) _Olher(Explain in Remarka)
Fleld Obsarvations:
Suriace Water Present7 Yes No ° Deplh(inches):
Water Tabis Present7 Yes No '' Depth pnches):
Saluratlort Present7 Yes No `' Depth(inches): Wetland Hydrotogy Present7 Yes No �
indudes ca illa frin e
�escribe Recorded Data(stream gauge,monitodng weU,aedal photos,previous lnspedfons),tf available: '
Remarks:
US Army Corps of Engineers Mldvrest Regfon—DRAFT Verslon 6-1-2Q07 '
THE TECHNICAL DOCIJNIENTATIC?N SECTION
Plant Indicator Status
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INDICATOR CATEGORIESx
Obligate Wetland (�BL)—Occur almost always (estimaterl prOIJl161Il1y >99%) under natural
conditions in wetlands.
Facuttative Wetland (FACW}— Usually occur in wetlands (estimaterl probabilitt� 67% -99%),
but occasionally found in non-wetlands.
Facultative (FAC)— Equally likely to occur in wetlands or non-wetlands (estimaterl pro6abi(ity
34% - 66%). '
Facultative Upland (FACU)—Usually occttr in non-wetlands(estinrated probability 67% -
99%), but occasionally found in �vetlands (estiniated prob�biliry 1%-33%).
Obligate Upland (UPL) —Occur in wetlands in another region, but occur almost always '
(estimated probabiliry >99%) under natural conditions in non-wetlands in the region specified. lf
a species does not occur in wetlands in any region, it is not on the National List.
*Reed, P.B. 1988. National list of plant species that occur in wetlands: Minnesota. National ,
Wetlands Inventory, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, St. Petersburg, Florida. ',
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THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTION
Soil Series Descriptions
Acquired from Nat�►raf Resource Conseivation Service Website,Officiai Soil Series Descriptions
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BLUE EARTH SERIE S
The Blue Earth series consists of very deep,very poorly drained soits that formed ii�coprogenous earth in '
postglacial lakes and flood pfains.Slopes range fram 0 to 1 percent. �[ean annual precipitation is about 711
mm(28 inches). �lean annual temperature is about 9 degrees C(d8 degrees F).
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-silty, mixed, superactive, calcareous, mesic Mollic
Fluvaquents
TYPICAL P�DON: Blue Earth mucky silty clay loam with a plane level slope in tlie ,
bottom of a former postglacial lake; cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil tinless ,
otherwise noted.) ',
Ap--O to 25 cm(0 to 10 inches); black(tOYR 2/1)mucky silty ciay loam (coprogenous
ea�-th), dark gray (SY 4/1) dry; weak fine granular structure; very friable; few snail she(Is i
and fragments af snail shells; slightly effervescent; s(ightly alkaline; abrupt smooth ,
boundary. [20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches thick)] '
;
Cg--25 to 173 cm (10 to 68 inches}; very dark b ay (l 0YR 3/I) mucky silty clay loam '
(coprogenous earth), very dark gray(SY 3/I}clay Ioam, and dark olive gray (SY 3/2) ;
clay loam; few fine prominent dark brown(7.SYR 3/2) and few �ne dark reddish brown
(5YR 3/2) Fe concentrations; massive with distinct bedding planes; very friable; snail ',
shells ranging from few to many in different parts;strongly effervescent; siightly
alka(ine. '
2Cg1--173 to 183 cm (68 to 72 inches); dark olive geay (SY 3/2)ciay loam; massive; '
friable; fe�v snail shells; strongly effervescent; sliglitly aika(ine; clear smooth boundary. '
2Cg2--183 to 203 cm(72 to 80 inches); very dark geay (5Y 3/1} clay loam; massive; '
friable; common snail shells; strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline. ',
TYPE LOCATIOI�T: Martin County,Minnesota; about 9 miles south and 7 miles east of '�,
Fairmont; about 472 m(1,550 feet} east and 30 m (100 feet) south of the northwest '
corner of sec. 28, T. I 01 N., R. 29 W.; USGS East Chain quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 31 ',
minutes 44 seconds N. and long, 94 degrees I9 minutes 16 seconds W.,NAD 27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The thickness of the coprogenous earth and the '
depth to laamy glacial till or gfacia( lacustcine sediments ranges from 76 cm (30 to more ',
than 203 cm (80 inches). Free carbonates are in all parts of these sediments, The ,
coprogenous earth contains from 0 to 25 percent by volume of shell fragments. ;
The Ap oc A horizon has hue of�lOYR,2.SY, SY or neutral, value of 2 or 3 and chroma '
of 0 to 2. It is mticky silty clay loam, mucky silt loam, mucky silty clay,silt loam or silty
clay loam. Some pedons have �nuck(sapric)sarface layers less than 20 cm (8 inches) ,
thick. '
The Cg horizon has hue of lOYR, 2.SY, SY or neutrai, value of 2 to 4, and chroma of 0 to
2. [t is silt loam, silty clay loam, loam,ar clay loam, or mucky analogues. The sand
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fraction is mostly fcabments of shefls. ft is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. The
calcium carbonate equivalent ranges from 5 to 40 percent.
The 2Cg i�orizon has hue of 2.SY ar SY, value of 3 ta 5, and chi•oma ofi I or 2. lt is loam,
silt loam, cfay foam, or silty clay loam. It contains 0 to 8 percent by volume of rock
fragments of mixed lithology. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline and has a ',
calcium carbonate equivalent of 5 to 20 percent. A firm till phase ofclay loarn with a �I
moist bulk density of I.6 to L9 gmlcc is a(so recognized. '
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CON[P�TING S�RI�S: These are tlle :Atu�u��l����a%��i� and t_;tE�rin(T)series. These soils �
do not have coprogenous ea►rth in the series controt section. ;
CEOGRAPHIC SETTING: These soils have plane or slightly concave sfopes with
gradietit of 0 to I percent. They are in small to (arge lake basins in glacial moraines, flood
plai�ts, and lacustcine plains. Tliese basins formerly had lakes, and most of the lakes were
drained since settfement. These sediments are underlain by loamy till or(acustrine
sediments oFthe Late �Visconsin glaciation at depths of 76 cm (2.� to more than 203 cm.
Mean annual temperature is 7 to 1 I degrees C (�� to �0 degrees F}. Mean annual
precipitation is 6[0 mm to 813 mm(2�F to 32 inches). Frost free days cange from 1» to
200. Elevations above sea level range from 2l3 m to �480 m (700 to 1570 feet).
G�OGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIAT�D SOILS: These are other poorly drained and
very poorly drained mineral and organic soils within the basin and the c__i��ri��n and l �-:>t�r
soils atid their respective topographic associates on the adjacent uplands.
DRAINAGC AND SATURATCD HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY: Very poorly
drained. Surface runoff is negligible to ponded. The saturated hydraulic co�lductivity,
measured in cm per hour, is .OS to 5.1 (.0? to 2.0 inches) in the upper material and .05 to
1.5 (.02 to .6 inches} in the lower part. Seasona( }Iigh saturation ranges fi�on� pfus 91 to 30
cin (3 to I foot) for undrained areas of this soil. Areas that are drained have variable
depths to saturation based on the eftectiveness of�the draina�e net�vork.
US� AIYD V�GETATION: Most of this soil is cropped to corn and soybeans. Some is
used for pasture or hay. Invasive ve�etation(after drainage) is mostly sedges, reeds, and
grasses. They lack native vegetation in the conventional sense because these soils were,
until recently, sediments in the bottom of lakes.
DISTRIQUTIOI�r AND �XTCNT: MLRA-103. Southern Vtinnesota and north-central
Io�va. ivtoderately extensive.
MLItA OFFICC RESPONSIBL�: St. Paul, Minnesota
S�RI�S CSTABLISHED: Rock Coiinty, Ivlinnesota, !9�5.
RENIARKS: Probiems remain in the classifieation of these series because no ta:con has
been defined in Soi( Taxono►ny that adequately accotnmodates soils tl�at have forcned
entirely in coprogenous earth. Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon
are: Surface horizon that meets requirements oFa mol[ic epipedon except it is underlain
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by stratifed C hocizon, A firm tilt substratutn is recognized 'sn the geomorphic surface
landform of the Kandiyohi till.
In the past some sloping fens were included in the concpet of Blue Earth. Blue Earth is
being restricted to ponded basins and iake beds.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES Central File Code No. l I 35 for results of some
laboratory analysis of a representative pedon of this series.
GLENCOE SERIES
The Glencoe series consists of very deep,very poorly drained soils that formed in loamy sediments from
glacial till on glacial morai�ies.These soils have moderate or moderately slo�v permeability.Slopes are 0 to
1 percent.�iean annua!precipitation is about 28 inches.tifean annuaf temperature is about�18 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, mesic Cumulic Endoaquolls
TYPICAL PEDON: Gtencoe ctay loam with a concave stope of less than 1 percent in a
depression on a ground moraine in cultivated fie(d. (Colors are for moist soil unless
atherwise noted.)
Ap--O to 10 inches; black (N 2/0) clay loam; massive; friable; about 2 percent gravel;
cloddy; neutral; abrupt smooth boundary.
A--tO to 24 inches; black(N 2/0)clay Ioam; weak fine subangular blocky structure;
friable;about 2 percent gravel; neutrat; clear wavy boundary, (Cotnbined thickness of A
horizon is 16 to 32 inches.)
ABg--24 to 3� inches; very dark gray (SY 3Jl) c(ay loam; weak fine subangular biocky
structure; fi•iable; feti��tongues of dark olive gray (5Y 3/2)and olive gray (SY 4/2); about
2 percent gravel; neutral; gradua! ii7�eg�21a�•boundary. {0 to 26 inches thick}
Bg--35 to �18 inches; olive gray(SY 4/2) loam;moderate coarse subangular blocky
structure; friable: few tongues of very dark gray (SY 3/l); about 5 percent gravel;
eommon fine prominent light olive brown(2.SY 5/4}and common mediurn prominent
strong brown(7.5YR 5/6) Fe concentrations; neutral; graduai wavy boundary, (Q to 30
inches thick) '
Cg--48 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.SY S/2) loam; massive; friable; about 5 percent '
gc•avel; many medium distinct light olive brown (2.SY S/4) Fe concentrations; strongly '
effeivescent; s(ightly a(ka(ine. ',
TYPE LOCATION: Steele County, Minnesota; about 5 miles nocrth�vest of Owatonna;
2,640 feet south, 2,660 feet�vest of ti�e northeast corner of sec. 24, T. 108 N,, R. 2l W.;
USGS Medford West quadrangle; lat. 44 degrees 8 minutes 46 seconds N. and long. 93
degrees l7 minutes�5 seconcls W.,NAD27.
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates is 30 to 60 inches or ,
more. The Ap in a few pedons will have small amounts of free carbonates. The thickness ',
of the mollic epipedon ranges fcom 24 to SO inches. The control section averages between '
22 and 35 percent ctay and from 15 to 30 percent fine sand and coarser. Rock fragments
of mixed lithology comprise 0 to 5 percent of the volume of the A and B horizons and 2 '
to 8 percent of the C horizon. Some pedons have an 0 horizon up to 6 inches in thickness. '
A stratified substratum phase is recognized with silt loam, sand, sandy loam, and loamy ',
sand textures beiow 40inches. '
The Ap or A horizon has hue of lOYR to SY or neutral, value of 2 or 3,and chroma of 0
or l. [t is clay loam, silty clay foam,or loam with 25 to 35 percent clay. Ponded phases
may 17ave mucky moditiers. It is commonly neutral but ranges from slightly alkaline to „
slightly acid.
AB IZorizon has colors and textures similar to tl�e A ancl B; Ilorizons. i
The Bg horizon has hue of�Y or 2.SY, value of 2 to 5, and chroma of l or 2. Dark '
colored tongues from the A horizon range fi•om few to common. It is loam, clay loam or I
silty clay (oam. Near the center of some depressions, some pedons have B horizons that 'I
have a slight clay increase relative to the A horizons. It is neutral to sli?htly alkaline, but j
in some pedons the tower pact of the B horizon is s(i'htly alkaline�vith slight ',
effervescence. The Bg l�orizon is absent in some pedons.
The Cg horizon has hue of SY or 2.5Y, value of� to 6, and chroma of I to �. It is loam, �
clay loam or silty clay loam. [t is slightly alkaline, Gvith weak or strong effervescence. I
Calcium carbonate segregations are present in some pedons.
COi�IPI;TING S�RIES; These are the C�e71�i���ct, (_tu��ir��, I}�•Ift, l u_�I����, l uu;;� t zu����n,
_____., --- --_______._
1_,_�,,i�ii�, hu���7�::r1i�7���, I�t�n���r,���[�(_l:i�c, ('cc,l�, C_��iuntll. Sl�tf�i�i_1'., and 1�����ias s�ries.
Coland and Comfrey soils do not have rock fragments in their control sections. In
addition, Coland soils are deeper to fi•ee carbonates. Defft soils are poorly drained, are not ,
in closed depressions, have prismatic structure in subsoil, and do not have tongues of the !
A horizon in the Bg horizon. Gielo�v,James Canyon, Keddie, Kimmer(ing, Konner, (
NtcClave, Peoh, and Wenas soils are drier in the soil moisture control section during the ;
120 days fo[lowinb the summer solstice. Romnell soils contain appreciable amounts af j
gypsum in their sola. Shandep soils do not�iave tongues of A horizon in the Bg horizon �
and have a coarse teYtured 2C horizon.
G�OGRAPHIC SETTING: Glencoe soils typically are in closed depressions or low I
gradient s�vales within the Des vloines lobe of the Late Wisconsinan glaciation. The i
Glencoe soils are formed in loamy colluvial sediments and loamy glacial till. Ntean
annual temperatuee ranbes fi•om �45 to �2 degrees F. Mea� annual precipitation ranges
From 25 to 32 inches. The fi�ost £ree days range from 12=� to 172. The elevation above sea ;
level range from 700 to 1600 Feet. �
GCOGRAPHICAL.LY ASSOCIATED SOII.,S: These are the t �ni�;t<<>, t�l:�E�i.>n, l I<<r��,,, ��
_ - --. __
\iL�711�,;t, and 1�\_e(j�t�r soils. The�vell drained Clarion soils are on the slopin� uplands. !,
Some�vhat poorly drained Nicollet and the poorly drained Canisteo, Webster, and Harps !
soils are on nearly level to ge��tly undulating slopes. All the above have mollic epipedons
less than 24 inches thick. In addition, the Canisteo and Hac•ps soils contain fi•ee
carbonates throughout. The Glencoe soils atso are associated with the f I���cl�n and l,��t�r
soils and their respective topograpfiic associates in some places. �
DRAINAGE AND PCRNIEABILITY: Very poorly drained. 5urface runoff is '
negligible. Permeability is moderate or moderately slo�v. ,
USE AND VEG�TATION: Mostty drained and cropped to corn and soybe�ns. Native
vegetation was a wet site plant community of the tall grass prairie plant formation. �'
DISTRIBUTIDN AND EXTEN'I': Soutll-central Minnesota and possibty north- central
[owa. Large extent.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERI�S ESTABLISHED: Dakota County, Minnesota, 19�5.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in tk�is pedon are: mollic
epipedon-the zone from the surface to a depth of 35 inches(Ap, A, and ABg horizons);
cumulic subgroup-mollic epipedon is►nore than 24 inches thick; aquic moisture regime-
lo�v ch►•oma immediately below the A horizons.
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HAMEL SERIES '
Tlte Namel series consists of very deep,poorly drained and somawhat poorly drained soils that formed in �
slope cotluvium and giacial till on moraines.These soils have moderately siow penneability.Their slopes ',
range fronl I to 4 percent,N1ean aiznual precipitation is abaut 28 inches.�(ean annual air temperature is ',
about d7 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLA5S: Fine-loamy, miYed, superactive, mesic Typic Argiaqt�olls ,
TYPICAL PEDON: Hamel loam with a 2 percent concave slope on a glacial moraine in I
a cultivated field. (Coiors are foi•moist soil unless otherwise nated.) ;
Ap--O to 10 inches; black(lOYR 2/1) loam, very dark brown (l 0YR 2l2} dry; weaEc very
fine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fine roots; about I percent gravel;
neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. ;,
A--10 to 16 inches; black(1 OYR 2/1} loam, very dark gray(1 OYR 3/I)dry; weak very
tine subangular blocky structure; friable; common very fiae roots; about 4 percent gravet;
neutral; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of A horizon is 14 to 30 inches.) '
AB--1 b to 24 inches; ve�y dark gray (l OYR 3/O clay loam, dai•k grayish brown(lOYEt
4/2) dry; many fine prominent brown (7.SYR 4/�) Fe concentrations; moderate fine
angular blocky stc•ucture; friable; common very fine roots; about 4 percent gravel; neutral; ,
gradual wavy boundary. (0 to i 0 inches thick.} '
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Btgl--24 to 40 inches; very dark grayish brawn (2.SY 3/2)clay loam, grayish brown
(lOYR 5/2)dry; many fine prominent bro�vn (7.SYR 4/4) Fe concentrations; moderate
medium prismatic structure; friable; few black(i OYR 2/1)clay films on faces of peds; �
about 5 percent gravel; neutral; gradual wavy boundary.
Btg2--40 to 46 inches; dark grayish brown (2.SY 4/2)clay loam; many coarse prominent
brown(7.SYR 4/4)Fe concentrations; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; i
friable; few black (IOYR 2/1)clay films on faces of peds; ahout�percent gravel; neutral;
clear wavy botmdary. (Combined thickness of Btg horizons is 12 to 30 inches.}
Cg1--46 to 55 inches; olive gray(SY 5/2) loam; many medium prominent yellowish ,
brawn (lOYR 5/6) Fe concentrations; massive; friable; about 3 percent gravef; slightly '
effecvescent; slightly alkaline; gradual wavy boundary.
Cg2--55 to 80 inches; olive gray(SY 5/2) loam; many medium prominent yellowish
brown(lOYR 5/6) Fe concentrations; massive; friable; about 4 percent gravel; slightly
effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYP� LOCATION: Wrigf�t County, Minnesota; about 1.5 miles southwest of Silver
Creek, 1200 feet south and 2300 feet west of the northeast corner of Sec. 18,T.i 21 N., '
K.26 W., USUS Annandale quadrangle; lat. �S degi•ees 17 minutes 34 seconds N,; I�ng.
9�- degrees 00 minutes l3 seconds W.,NAD27
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RANGE IN CHAI2ACT�RISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ran�e from 30 to 65
inches. The moflic epipedon thickness ranges fcom 2�4 to 60 inches. Typically the upper
colluvirn contains less tl�an 2 percent gravel by vofume and the iower pa��t contains 2 to 6
percent gravel by vo(ume of mised lithology.
The A horizons have hue of t OYR or is neutral, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 0 to 2.
Typically it is loam or clay loam, but silt loam or silty clay laam are within the range. It
l�as coatinos of clean sand and silt particles in the lower part of the A horizon in some
pedons. It is moderately acid to neutral.
The Btg horizon has hu� of I OYR, 2.SY, or SY, value of 2 to�, and chroma of I or 2. [t is
clay loam, si(ty�clay loam high in sand, �r loam. It has between 2� and 3� percent clay '
and I S to 35 percent fine sand and coarser. It has B/A clay ratios of 1.2 to l.4. [t has fe�v
to many, faint to prominent clay filn�s. It is moderately acid to neutral. I
The C horiaon has hue of a 2.SY or SY, value of� to 6, chroma of I or 2. It is loam or i�
clay loam. It is slibhtly alkaline or moderately alkaline. The clay content ranges from I 8 '
to 32 percent and the total sand content ranges from 2� to 4� percent. '
COMP�TING SERIES: These are the :�I��i�la, l3arr�, [_.;�r�ill�, 13r��c�(;;tt�n, � I
F3Ui1L(Il��\1���, (�il�{,�l)Il�t^,� C.tlfl�tllEt, f'f�(i,kClt��, ��Illll�(UIl, ���11C{l�!t�, �.�l��!ll�\C., ��il-=1t]. �
___ _ _ ____ __ �_ . �,
`�i��,z�ni,�:_�n;�rfa��, and �i �stla��cl soils. The Alvada series (Tentative - OH) is not in the
OSD file at this time. The Barry, Berville,Brookston, Cordova, Marengo, Millgrove, '
Navan, Rensselaer, and Westland soils have a molfic epipedon that is less ttlan 24 inches I
tk�ick. The Buntingville soils have carbonates at depths of less than 20 inches. The
Clackamas and Nosoni soils (ack free carbonates in the series control section. �
The Forestcity soils have 4� to 65 percent sand and 10 to 18 percent clay in the II
underlying material, Tlle J_ii��e�tt�l�n soiis formed in a firm and very firm till associated i
�vith the Iowan Erosional surface. i
GEOGRAPHIC S�TTING: Hamel soi{s have concave slopes in swales, rims of c�osed �
depressions, foot and toe slopes, and upper drainage�vays below sloping to very steep !
slopes. Slope gradients are 1 to 4 percent. Hamel soils formed in slope colluvium and �
glacial till of Late Wisconsinan Age. IVlean annual air temperature is about d� to 48 ',
degrees F. Mean annual precipitation is about 2� to 30 inck�es. Frost free days range from �I
125 to 165. Elevation above sea level ranges fram 700 to 1600 Feet. I
G�OGRAPHIC�+�I,LY ASSOCIATCD SOILS: These ace pcincipally t��e I la�de�� a►1d ���
f_��5t�� soils. These soils are well drained and are on the hieher lyin�, gently sloping to �
very steep slopes. j
DRAINAGE AND PCRM�ABILITY: Poorly drained and somewhat poorly drained. �I
Surface rtuloff is low or moderately low. Permeability is moderately slaw. The apparent
seasonal high water table is at .5 to 1.5 feet foi•the poorly drained phase and l.S to 2.5 j
feet for the somewhat poorly drained phase during spring in normal years. ',
USE AND V�CETATION: Nlost of this soil is cropped to corn, hay, soybeans, and
small grains. Ho�vever, significant areas are in pasture and forest. Native vegetation is
mised wet prairie grasses and deciduous forest. �
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DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Primarily in the southeast one-quarter of Minnesota
in the timbered, hilly, "gray" till region, Moderately extensive.
MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hennepin County, Minnesota, L96R.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features �•ecognized in this pedon are: mollic
epipedon - the zone from the surface to a depth of 40 inches (Ap, A, AB and Btgl);
argillic horizon - the zone from 2�4 to 46 incl�es (Btgl, Btg2,). Type location moved from
Hennepin County, Mn. to Wright County, Mn., I l/96 to bettes•exemplify the series
concept.
A some�vhat poorly drained overwash phase is recognized that has 8 to 20 inches of
colluvium over the original dark colored surface.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to MAES Centra# File Code No. 785 for resu(ts of some
laboratoE�y analysis of tk�is series.
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HOUGHTON SERIES
The Houghton series consists of veiy deep, very poocly drained soils formecf in
herbaceous organic deposits more than 5l inches thick in depressions on lake plains,
outwash plains, grou►id and end moraines and on floodplains.These soils have
moderately slow to moderately rapid permeability. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent, ,
Mean annuat precipitation is about 35 inches, and mean annual temperature is about 50 ;
degrees F. '
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Euic, mesic Typic Haplosaprists
TYPICAL PEDOtY: Houghton muck- on a level area in a cultivated field. (Colors are
for moist soils unless otherwise stated.)
Oal--O to 9 inches; black(N 2.5/0} broken face and rubbed muck(sapric mate�•ial); about '
5 percent fiber, a trace rubbed; weak coarse subangular blocky structure; neutral (pH 7.0
in KCI); abrupt smooth boundary. '
Oa2--9 to l3 inches; black(N 2.5/0 ) bc•oken face, very dark bro�vn (7.SYR 2/2) rubbed ,
muck(sapric material); about 5 percent fiber, a trace rubbed; weak medium granular '
structure; neutral (pH 7.0 in KCi); abrupt smooth boundary. ;
Oa3--l3 to 24 inches; dack reddish brown (SYR 3/2) broken face, dark reddish bi•own
(SYR 2/2) rubbed muck'(sapric material); abo�Et i 5 percent fiber, less than 5 pereent
rubbed; massive, breaking to thick platy fragments; neutraf (pH 7.0 KCI};abrupt smooth ;
boundary.
Oa4--24 to 32 inches; black(�YR 2/I) broken face and rubbed muck (sapric material); ',
about l0 percent fiber, a trace rubbed; massive; about ! percent �voody fragments; neutral '
(pH 7.0 in KC1); clear wavy boundary. ''
Oa5--32 ro 48 inches;dark reddish bro�vn (SYR 2/2) broken face, black(SYR 2/l)
rubbed muck(Sapric material); about 20 percent tiber, less than 10 percent rubbed;
massive, breaking to thick platy fragments; neutral (pH 7.0 in KCI); abrupt smooth
boundary. '
Oa6--4$ to 80 inches; dark reddish brown (SYK 2/2) broken face and rubbed muck ;
(sapcic mater'sa[); about 10 percent fiber, less than 10 percent rubbed; massive; slightly
sticky; about 15 percent mineral soil; neutral(pH 7.0 in KCI),
TYPE LOCATION: Ciinton Co«nty, Michigan; about 3 miles northeast of the village of
Bath; 200 feet north and 400 feet east of the southwest corner of sec. 12, T. 5 N., R. 1 W. ',
USGS Batl�topographic quadrangle, lat. �2 deg�•ees 49 minutes 43,4 secands N. and long. ';
84 degrees 52 minutes Sb.9 seconds W.; NAD 27. j
RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: The organic layers are more than 51 inches thick.
The organic fibers are derived pcimarily from herbaceous plants, but some pedons
contain individual layers which contain as much as 30 percent woody material, however,
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tlie woody fragment content avera�es less than IS percent by volume in the control
sectian. lt is ve�y strongly acid to slightly alkaline.
The organic fayers have hue of lOYR, 7.SYR, or SYR, value oF2 to 3, and chroma a� 1 to
3, or is in 2.5/0. The layers are predominantly muck(sapric material), but in some pedons
mucky peat(hemic material} has a cornbined thickness of less than 10 inches and pea[
(tibric material) less than S inches. Some pedons have coprogenous matecial or marly
material below S l inches
CONIP�TING S�RI�S: These are the (_:��rli�i�, I_�r�Ei, 1'�:t�ctr��:._t, '�ait�-.c, and
_ �__. _..__
`^+�Il1l.t�lillt�tf S�I'leS. Sl1I]l�c1C S01�5 11'e 1�10 �(�I'I,III, � tIS'f�tH1C��I�C. �lS'CcflA�Ot11�, ��lilt\�Ettii�,
— T_._ _ _..-- _. ---- --- -- _ _
I_u��<<���, i'�I�n�.,i:ill�, and���il(_�tt� series. Carlisle soils derived dominandy from �voody
materials and concain an average of I 5 to 30 percent�voody fragments in the control
section. Lena soifs contain free carbonates throughout. Peteetneet soils are massive or
platy in bottom tier, are on elevations of about 4,500 feet, and are substantially drier in
the moisture co«trol section during the 120 days following the sumrner solstice. Saltese
and Semiahmoo soils are in areas with mild humid climates. Adrian, Linwood, Pa[ms,
and 1��illette soils have a mineral substrata depths ranging from 16 to about 50 inches.
Carbondale, Greenwood, Lupton, and Rifle soils are frigid.
GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Houghton soi(s occupy closed depressions w'tthin lake
plains,outwash plains, ground and end moraines, and on floodplains. Slope gradients are
less than 2 percent. The mean annual precipitation ranges from about 30 to �2 inches, and
the mean annual temperature is about 48 to �3 degrees F.
GCOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIAT�D S(3[LS: These are the \tlri:ui, Edselton(T),
I �I����rtl;, Moston(T), �iu,f;e��c�, f':�I����,, and �t ill�tt�° soils. Edselton(T) and Ed�vards soils
are underlain by marly material at depths of 16 to 51 inches. N�oston(T),and [vluskego
soils are underlain by coprogenous material between 16 and 51 inches. Poorly or veiy
poorly drained mineral soils are commonly associated along the margins of the bogs.
DRAINAG� AND PERM�ASILITY: Very poorly drained. Depth to the seasonal high
water table ranges from 2 foot above the surface in ponded phases to 1 foot below the
sin•f'ace From Sep[ember to June. The potential for s�u•face r�uioff�s very slo�v or ponded.
Permeability is moderately slo�v to moderately rapid.
USC AND V�G�TATION: A considerable area of tl�ese soils is used for cropland or
pasture. Common crops are onions, lettuce, potatoes, celery, radishes, carrots, mint, and
some corn. Native vegetation was primarily of marsh grasses, sedges, reeds, buttonbrush,
and cattails. Some�vater-tolerant trees were near tlie mac•gin of the bo�.:.
DISTRIBUTION AND �XTC1�1T: MLRA 9�, 98, l l0, t t l. Southern part of the lower
peninsula of Yiichigan, Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa, Minnesota, and ll(inois. The series is
of large e�tent.
NILRA OFi'IC� R�SPONSIBL�: Indianapolis, ti�diana
S�RICS CSTABLISHED: Roscommon County, Niicf�igan, 192�}.
REMARKS: Diaanostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: We!!
decomposed organic materia( from the surface to greater than 51 inches (Oal, Oa2, Oa3,
Oa4, Oa5 and Oa6 horizons)
histic epipedon - muck fi•om the surface to ib inches (Oal, Oa2, Oa3);
aquic conditions - from the surface to 40 inches.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soi[ [nterpretation Record- (MI002�, MI0291 (PONEED),
MI0532 (SLOP[NG}, MI0390 (MAA'I>50), MI0383 (FREQUENTLY FLOODED).
Transect data (T98-M1-003) is on tile in MLRA project office, Plymouth, Indiana. '
Transect shows 100 percent Houghton. '
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LESTER SERIES
The Lester series consists of very deep,well drained soils t}�at formed in catcareous loamy glacial till on till
plains a��d moraines.These soils have moderate penneability.Their s(opes range from 5 to 70 percent.
�fean annual precipitation is about 28 inches. �1ean annual temperature is about 47 degrees F.
TAXONOMIC CLASS: Fine-loamy, mixed, superactive,mesic Moilic Hapludalfs
TYPICAL PEDON: Lester loam with a convex slope of about 9 percent on a gcound
moraine in a cultivated field, (Co(ors are for moist soi( unless otherwise nated.)
Ap--O to 7 inches; very dark grayish brown (lOYR 3/2) loam, grayish brown(lOYR 5/2)
dry; moderate fine subangular blocky structure; friable; many fine roots; about 3 percent
gravel; slightly acid; abrupt smooth boundary. (6 to l0 inches thick)
Btl--7 to 2l inches; brown (lOYR 4/3)clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky
structure; firm; many very fine roots;common very dark grayisl� brown (lOYR 3/2) clay
tilms on faces of peds and few very dark gray(1 OYR 3/1)organic coats on faces of peds;
about 2 percent gravel; slightly acid;clear smooth boundary.
Bt2--21 to 38 inches; dark yellowish brown (1 OYK 4/4) clay loam; rrtoderate medium
subanguiar biocky structure; friable; common fine roots; common dark grayish brown
(l OYR 4/2) clay films on faces of peds and few very dark brown (lOYR 2/2}organic
coats on faces of peds; about 3 percent gravel; slightly acid;gradual smooth boundary.
(Combined Bt horizon is IO to�0 inches.}
Bk1--38 to 50 inches; yellowish brown (lOYR S/4) loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friab(e; few fine roots; common very pale brown (lOYR 8/2) carbonate
threads; about 2 percent gravel; violently effervescent; s[ightly alkaline; clear wavy
boundary.
Bk2--50 to 60 inches; yellowish brown (lOYR 5/4) loam; weak medium subangular
blocky structure; friable; common fine distinct yellowish brown (l 0YR 5/6)retict Fe
concentrations; cammon very pale brown(lOYR 8/2) carbonate threads; about 2 percent
gravel; violently effecvescent; slightly alkaline; clear wavy boundary.
C--60 to 80 inches; yetlowish brown (lOYR S/�l) loam; ; massive; friable; common
medium distinct yellowish brown (lOYR S/6) reIict Fe concentrations and few fine
distinct light brownish gray(lOYR 6/2) relict Fe depletions; about 1 percent gravel;
strongly effervescent; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Wright County, Minnesota; about 3 miles west of Otsego, 1�60
feet south and 200 feet west of the northeast corner of Sec, I 5,T.l21 N., R.24 W.; USGS
Big Lake quadrangle; lat. 45 degcees 17 minutes 29 seconds N.; long. 93 degrees 41
minutes 3 seconds W., NAD27
RA1�1GE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates ranges from 20 to 54
inches. Rock fragments of mixed lithology comprise 1 to 8 percent of the volume of the
control section,
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The A or Ap horizons have hue of IOYR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or?. The E
horizon where present, has value of 3 to �, and chroma of 1 to 3. The A and E horizons
are loam oe clay loam, but sandy loam, fine sandy loam, or silt loam is within the cange. ��,
They range Fi•om moderately acid to neutral. I
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The Bt horizor� has hue of lOYR or 2.5Y, value of 4 ot•5, and chroma of 3 or 4. [t is clay
loam or loam and has 2� to 3� percent clay and 30 to 45 percent sand. The B/A clay �
ratios range from 1.2 to 1.�4. It is strongly acid to slightly acid in the upper part and '
moderately acid to neutral in the lowec part. A Bw horizon is sometimes present belo�v
the Bt.
The Bk horizon has hue of I OYR or 2.SYR, value of 4 or S, and chroma ofi 3 to 6. The Bk
liorizon is loam oi•clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Relict
redoYimorphic features are present in some pedons.
The C horizon has hue oF2.�Y or lOYR, value of�4 to 6, and chroma oF3 to 6. [t is loam
or clay loam. It is sfightly alkafine or moderately alkaline. Relict redoximorphic features
are present in some pedons.
COI�IP�TING SERI�S: These are the �\r��,Gt,, _�r�Y�_I�; li��lt_ii_i.��_�i;r,l3ass�tt, ti(���n_ilii�t�,
C.�af�h, 1)�����i�,.i<t�, I)unf��u�(�c. ���ii��i, l�ur��l7is i <turaini�, I.���i,l��i; 1 ��li�l., �It�l�<���I:,
_ _._ _ _ _ _ ---
'ti��i� ti�ti����m�•i t)ii:,�n O����uc��l, !Z_�cinc, f� �'zz��rt, `�.:hh��. �l zi���i, '���u�ic��m,i, and
1t iiin���hiek sai(s in the same family. Angus and Sebbo soil have saturation in the lo�ver
third of the series control section. Argyle, Baltirnore, and Oneco soils have B horizons
with 7.�YR or redder hue. Bassett soils are very strongly acid to moderately acid in the
upper part of the Bt horizon. Blooming and Racine soils have l5 to 35 percent sand in the
upper part of the particle-size control section. Caleb soils have some subhorizons that
have more than 4� percent in the lo�ver part of the conti•ol section. Do4vagiac and Koi•onis
soils have less than 2� percent clay in the lower one third of the pacticle-size control
section. Dunbridge, Wai�coma,Newcomer and Winneshiek sQils have sola terminated by
bedrock at depti�s above 60 inches. Gara soils average less than 2 percent rock fragments
in the control section. Longlois, Lydic, and Neda soils have more than 8 percent rock
fragments in some subhorizon of the control seetion. Lauramie soils have more than 4� '
percent sand in some subhorizon in the middle part of the control section. Mohawk soils '
have a higher content of silt and have dark colors in the B horizon which apparently are
inherited from dark shale. O��vood soils have no rock fragments in the pai�ticle-size
control section. Razort soils have less than 30 percent sand in the eontrol section.
GEOGRAPHIC S�TTTNG: These soils have convex slopes on moraines and till plains.
Slope gradients range from 5 to 70 percent. Tiley formed in calcareous, loamy glacia( till
of late Wisconsinan Age. Mean annual temperattice ranges fi•om �5 degrees to 52 de�rees
F. Mean annual precipitation ranges From 25 to 33 inches. Frost f►•ee days range from 125
to 16�. Elevations range fi•om 700 to 1600 feet.
GCOGI2AYHICALLY ASSOCIAT�ll SOILS: Tliese inelude th� Ct�re[t���z, Uun�1�l�,
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�.1� 31s'�'�.'� ���llliti� � �t�11'!�I�1711 �'��ti7i�l?it' �_i: ylll.FlC� ���ll>��_�!� 'dllC� ��. � �� SOl�S. POOI�y
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drained Cordova and somewhat poorly and poorly drained Dundas soils are on �lats and
upper draina;eways with a high seasonal �vater table. Very poorly drained Glencoe,
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Houghton, K►assner, and Muskego soils are mostIy in depressions. Poorly drained Hamel
soils are on foot and toe slopes. Moderate(y well drained Le Sueur and Nessel soils are on
slightly etevated tlats and gently convex slopes.
DRAINAGE AND P�RMEABILITY: Well drained. Permeability is moderate. Runoff
is medium to high.
USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cropped to corn and soybeans. Some is in pasture
and forest.Native vegetation is savanna.
DISTRIBUTI01v AND EXTENT: South-central and east-central Minnesota and
northeastetn Iowa. Extensive.
MLRA OFFIC� RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota
SERIES ESTABLISIiED: Dakota County, Minnesota, 19�45.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and feat��red recognized in this pedon are: mollic
subgroup -the zone from the surface to 7 inches (Ap horizon); argillic horizon -the zone
from 7 to 38 inches(Bt horizons). Type location moved from Waseca County, Mn. to
Wright County, Mn., I 1/96 to better exemplify the series concept within the MLRA.
Slapes of 1 to 5 percent that were previously correlated as Lester may be included �vith
the Angus series in the future.
MUSKEG4 SERIES
The N(uskego series consists of very deep,very poorly drained soils formed in herbaceous organic material
over coprogenous limnic material(sedimentary peat)on giacial lake plains and flood plains.These soils '
have n�oderate or ntoderately rapid
permeability in ttte lierbaceous or�anic material and sto�v permeability in the coprogenous material. Slopes '
range from 0 to 2 percenL �fean annaal precipitation is about 30 inches near the typicat pedon site. Mean
a�inual temperature is about 49 degrees ,
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TAXONONIIC CLASS: Coprogenous,euic,mesic Limnic Haplosaprists ,
TYPICAL PEDON: Muskego muck- an a slope of less than 1 percent in a cu(tivated
field at an elevation of about 8l5 feet. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.)
Oap--Q to 9 inches; b(ack (lOYR?/1) broken face and rubbed muck(sapric material); ,
about 2� percent fiber,4 percent rubbed; moderate very thick platy structure parting to '
moderate fine subangular blocky; friable; many fine coots; mostly herbaceous fiber; '
neutral; abrupt smooth boundary. ',
Oa1--9 to 1� inches; black(lOYR 2/1) broken face rr�uck (sapric materia!); about 30
percent fiber, 5 percent rubbed; moderate very thick platy str�cture parting to moderate
fine subangular blocky; friable; many fine roots; mostly herbaceous fibec; neutral; abrupt
smooth boundary�.
Oa2--14 to 30 inches; dark brown(7.SYR 3/2}broken face muck (sapric material) with ',
few thin(less than 1 inch) layers af mucky peat (hemic material); about 50 percent fiber, ',
7 percent rubbed; �veak thin platy structure; few fine roats; slightly acid;gradual smooth ,
boundary.
Lcol--30 to 48 inches; dark olive gray (SY 3/2} coprogenous material with fine thin (less
than 1 inch) lenses of yellowish brown (lOYR 5/6) mucky peat(hemic material); weak
very thin platy structure; slightly plastic; neutral; diffuse smooth boundary.
Lco2--�8 to 60 inclles; vecy dark grayish brown (2.SY 3/2) coprogenous materiai;
massive; s[ightly plastic; slightly alkaline.
TYPE LOCATION: Ozaukee County, Wisconsin; about 1 mile east and 2 l/2 miles
south of Fredonia; 2,500 feet north and 500 feet west of the soutlieast corner of sec. l 1,
T. 1 I N., R. 21 E. or 350 feet north and 375 feet 4vest of end of farmstead driveway;
USGS Fort Washington topobraphic quadrangle; latitude - 43 degrees, 25 minutes, 58
seconds N. and longitude - 37 degrees, 56 minutes, 34 seconds W.NAD 27.
ItANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Tl�ickness of the fierbaceous organic layers and
depth to coprogenous material (sedimentary peat) ranges from i 6 to 51 inches. Fibecs are
decived primarily from herbaceous plants. Some pedons contain fragments of twigs,
branches, or logs that range from U8 to 5 inches in diameter and amount to less than 15
percent of the volume. Ezeaction ranges from strongly acid to neutral (water, 1:1) in the
surface tier and from strongly acid to slightly alkaline (water, 1:1) in the subsurface and '
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bottom tiers. Silty c(ay loam ove�lyash, clay loam substratum, marshy(�onded), and
tlooded phases are recognized in some places.
The siu•face tier has hue of lOYR, 7.SYR, or neutral, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 0 [0 2.
The herbaceous ocganic part of the suhsurface and bottom tiers has hue of SYR, 7.SYR oi•
IQYR or is neutral in hue. Val��e is 2 or 3 and chroma is 0 to �. It is dominantly muck
(sapric material), but some pedons have layers of mucky peat (hemic material) up to 10
inches tliick.
The Lco horizon Ilas hue of lOYR, 2.�Y, �Y, or SGY, value oF2 to 5 and chroma of 1 to
3. [t is coprogenous material. Reaction ran�es from neutral to moderately alkaline and
carbonates are present in some pedons. The Lco horizon has slightly plastic consistence
and shrinks upon drying to form hard clods that are diFficult to re-evet.
COMPETING SERI�S: These are the '�1+�1t��M� and (c�t�r series. Moston soils have sand
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belo«�the limnic laver within the �I inche control section.Toto soils have marl and sand
befow the Iimnic layer within the S 1 inch control section.
G�OGRAPHIC SCTTING: The Muskego soi(s corrtmonly are in depressional areas
principally associated �vith glacial lake plains and flood plains, but other geograpliical
locations are«ot excluded. Slope ranges from 0 to 2 percent. These soils formed in
herbaceous organic cnaterial dominantly from grasses, seciges, and reeds over
coprogenous limnic material (sedimentary peat). Iviean annual temperature ranges from
�6 to 52 degrees F. Ntean annual precipitation ranges from 2� to 40 inches. The frost Fi�ee
period ranges from about 130 to 180 days. Elevation ranaes froin 679 to 1�00 feet.
G�OGRAPHICALLY A5SOCIAT�D SO[LS: These are the I f��u��1u��n and 6�1~�,-.n.:�
series. Houghton sails are in nearby areas where the or�anic deposits are inore than �1
inches thick and coprogenous material is not in the lo�ver part of the control section.
Klossner soils are in areas where tlle cop►•oge�lous material is absent and the herbaceous
orbanic material is underlain by loamy mineral material.
DRAINAGE AND P�RM�ABILITY: Very paorly dcained. The potential for surface
runoff is lo�v or neglioible. Permeability is moderate or moderately rapid in the
herbaceous sapric material and slow in the coprogenous material (sedimentary peat).
Ntost Muskego soils have an apparent water table from I foot above tile surface to 1 foot
belo�v the surface in most years for much of t11e period from November to August. Some
Muskego soils have an apparent water tabte from 3 feet to 1 toot above the surface in
most years for m�ich of the period fr�m January to December.
USE AND V�GETATION: Most areas remain in natura( vegetation and provide
«ildlife l�abitat. Natural vegetation is dominantly grasses, reeds, and sedjes with
scattei•ed tlardwoods. A fe�v areas have been draiiied a�id are used cropland.
DISTRIBUTION AI�ID CXTENT: Southern Wisconsin and southern lVlinnesota and in
lllinois, Indiana, Iowa, and 011io. NiLRA 95B, 98, 102A, 103, 104, 105, 108, I i0, l t l,
1 l4, and I�4A. The Muskego soils are of moderate e�tent.
NILItA OFFIC� K�SPONSIBLC: tndianapolis, Indiana
SERIES ESTABLISHED: Ozaukee County, Wisconsin, !971.
REMARKS: Diagnostic horizons and features recognized in this pedon are: sapric
materials dorr�inant in the subsurface tier; saturated with water for 6 months or more of
tkle year; have a limnic layei•(coprogenous material) greater than 5 cm thick within the
control section.
ADDITIONAL DATA: Soil Interpretation Recocds - W14046; WI0335 (OVERWASH);
WI0437 (MARSH�; WI0462 (CLAY LOAM SUBST.); W10520(FLOODED}.
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THE TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION SECTI4N
Wetland DefiE�ition
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WETLAND DEFINITI�N
According to the 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineecs "Wetlands Delineation Manual" (1987
ti4anual; the document used by all delineators to define wetlands) a wetiand is "Those areas that
are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and ducation sufficient to
suppotrt, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetatian typica(ly ,
adapted for life in saturated soil conditions." The Minnesota State Wetland Conseivation Act '
Rules, Chapter 8420, fiirther clarifies that "...�vetlands must: (i} have a predominance of hydric '
soils; (2) be inundated or saturated by surface water or groundwater at a frequency and duration
sufficient to support a prevalence of hydropt�ytic vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated
soil conditions; and (3) under normal circumstances, support a prevalence of hydrophytic '',
vegetation." The 1987 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Manual in Part II, item 24. states that, I
"1'he intef•action of hydrology, vegetation, and soil results in the development of chac•acteristics
unique to wetSands. Therefore, the following technical guidelines for wetlands are based on tlie
three parameters, and diagnostic environmental characteristics used in applying the technical
guideline are re�resented by various indicators of these parameters." It is tllis premise by �vhich
SER ecologists has, in their professional judgment, delineated the �vetlands on the subject parcel �
described in this report. �
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Wetlaiid Hydrology
The most important wetland criterion is hydrology. The presence and persistence of water !
influences the vegetation types and changes soil morphology. Hydrology m�y be observed as
standing water(inundation), or may be observed as freestanding�vater within the soil pit or auger
hole (saturation) usually within the upper 12 inches. Tl�is is what woutd be considered pcimary ,
hydrology indicators. Only one pE•imary indicator is necessary to make the determination that
wetland hydrology indeed esists. The 1987 Corps Manual also has a range of hydrologic zones
established based on period of iziundation or saturation. These zones and the periods of
inundation or saturation for each can be observed in Table l below.
Excer ted fi-om the 1987 Manua}, Hvdrolo ic Zones—Nontida(Areas
Zone Nante Durakion Comments �Vetiaud or i�ot
1 Permanently[nimdated l00% �nundation>6.6 ft.i�iean Not(Aquatic Habitat Zone,or Deep�Vater
water de th Habitat}
Semipermanently To�3early ��� Inundation defined as
[1 Permanently Inundared Or �IOQa/o 5b.6 feet mean�vater Wetland ;
Saturated de th i
l[t RegEflarly fnundated Or �25-75% 4Vetiand '
Saturated
�V Seasonally Inundated Or <12.5- �Vetland
Saturated 25%
N(any areas having these j
�, Erregularly Inulidated or >5-12.5% hydrologic characteristics �Vedand(ifhydrophytic veg. a�id hydric
Saturated sails also present !
are not�vetlands �
Intermittently Or Never o Areas�vith these
v� Inundated Or Sattlrated <5/o hydrologic characteristics Not
are not wetlands
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The definition of appropriate hydrology according to the 1987 Manual includes two important
terms that must be clarified. First, the definition of a growing season is needed. The growing
season is defined in t4�e 1987 Manual as: "...tlle portion of tlie year �vhen soil temperature
{measured l 9J inches below the surface) is above biological zero (5` C or�1° F)." According to
the 1987 Manual this period of time can be approsimated by using the "starting and ending dates
for the growing season based on a 28° F air temperature th►•eshotd at a frequency of 5 years in
10," Based on this detinition the growing season ranges app��oximately l60 days to 180 days in
the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropofitan area (160 in the nocrthern suburhs and greater to the south).
Thecefore, the required inundation or saturation to the surface for 5% of the growing season
would be 8 or 9 consecutive days that ground water would need to be at tlie surf'ace or saturated
to the surface.
The second term in the appropriate hydrology definition from tlie above paragraph to be clarified
is "in most yeaes". This means in 5 of 10 years hydrology must exist within a "jurisdictiona(
wetland" for the 8 or 9 consecutive days of the growing season. This means that one observation
date or even one whole year worth of detailed hydrology data may be deemed insufficient to
detertnine if appropriate hydrology exists at a given location. In the event tliat precipitation
events accumu(ate to above or below normal during just prior to a site visit or during a more
intensive hydralogy study, the data may be confounded by non-normal circumstances and may
be considered outside the boiinds of "most yeat•s". Ideally, both antecedettt soil t�toisture
conditions and precipitation wot�(d be normal during all delineations. However, this is not a
realistic impression af climate. Therefore, primary indicators of hydrology must be reviewed
with scrutiny prior to detetmining if hydrology indeed exists. '
Wetland hydrology may be observed as standing water (inundatian), or may be observed as
freestanding water within a soil pit or auger hole (saturation) usually �vithin the upper l2 inches.
This is what would be considered primary hydrology indicators. Examination of this indicator ',
requires digging a soil pit to a deptk� of 16 inches and obsetving the level at which water stands '
after sufficient time has been allowed for water to drain into the hole. The required time will
vary depending on soil texture. This level represents the depth to the water table; the depth ro
saturated soils �vilt always be nearer the surface due to the capillary fringe. According to the '
Hydrology criteria in the 1987 Delineation Manual, for soil saturation to impact vegetation, it ,
must occ�iE• within a major portion of the root zone, typically within 12 inches of the surface. '
Only one primary indicator is necessary to make the determination that �vetland hydrology is
present. Howevec, since a single observation is n�t enough evidence, based on the percentage of
the growing season this inundatian oi• saturation is required, these data are on(y valid when
reviewed while also considering the abundance of recent precipitation events or the seasonal '
trend of climate when the site visit was made (this may be done thro��gh review of precipitation '
records where availabie}, [n addition to the primary indicators of�vetland hydrology, there ace
secondary indicators (e.g. oxidized i•oot channels, water-stained leaves, Loca! soif survey data,
FAC-Neu[ral test), of which two must be p�•esent to consider the sampfe point as having wetland
hydrology.
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Hydrophytic Vegetation (VVet[and Vegetation)
Wetiand vegetation is defined in the 1987 Manua( as "Tlie sum total of macrophytic plant life
growing in watec• or on a substrate that is at least periodically deficient in osygen as a result of
excessive water content. When hydrophytic vegetation comprises a community where indicators
of hydric soils and wetland hydrology also occur, the area has wetland vegetation." in more
standard terms, some plants are more adapted to growing within inundated or saturated soil.
Based on literature records and professional experience, a panel of expeirts compiled a List of
plant species and assigned each a hydraphytic status (described below and includes five major
cfasses of pf•obability of a plant occurring within a �vetland}.
In terms of delineation there is a gradiet�t of plant species that at•e adapted to "growing ifl water ,
or on substrate that is at least periodically deficient of oxygen". Fieldwork associated with
wetland delineations includes a procedure (the 50/20 Rule, for determination of dominance),
which is also outlined in the 1987 i�tanuai, by which to dete�•mine if hydrophytic p(ant species ,
dominate the vegetation at a given location. This procedure has been used for the wetland
delineation at the subject parcel of this report.
Hydric Soil �
Detined in the 1987 Manual as "A soil tliat is saturated, tlooded, or ponded long enough during
the growing season to develop anaerobic conditions that favor the growth and regeneration of
hycirophytic vegetation. Hydric soils that occur in areas having positive indicators of '
hydrophytic vegetation and wetland hydrolo�y are wetland soils."
For the purposes of delineation of wetlands, soils cannat be viewed without digging pits or
extracting soil using an auger. Therefore, transects of soil samples are taken from perceived �
upfand to perceived �vetlands a(ong a transitional boundary. Tliere are specific color indicators, '.
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textures, and depth requirements in the sail that are reviewed in order to determine �i�hether ;
hydric soils occur at a given point or not. After a transect of soil samples has been taken, upon
consideration of vegetation and indicators of appropriate hydroloDy a working prototype for the
given wetland is developed by the deiineator. The wetland delineator then uses this working
prototype to comp(ete the location of the remainder•of the wetland boundary, unless the wetland
is large enough or the landscape features (vegetation or topography) change enough to watTant '
additional transect samples.
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