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TABLE 1
PERCOLATION RATES AND DEPTH TO THE WATER TABLE
Percolation Rate
Depth to the
Hole
(Minutes/Inch)
Water Table (Feet)
P1
5.2
-
P2
15.0
-
P3
5.0
-
P4
7.5
-
P5
16.5
-
P6
5.5
-
Sbl
-
3.0
Sb2
-
3.5
3b3
-
3.5
Sb4
-
3.0
SOIL BORING 1 -
Depth (Feet)
0.r' - 0.5'
G - 1.2'
- 4.0'
4.0' - 8.0'
TABLE 2
SOIL LOGS
Material
Black loam
Black silty clay loam
Yellowish brown silty
loam, mottled with
gray clay at 3.01.
Yellowish brown silty
clay
The water level was recorded at a
depth of 3.711, 24 hours after the
hole was augered.
SOIL BORING 3 -
SOIL BORING 2 -
Depth (Feet)
0.0' - 0.5'
0.5' - 2.5'
2.5' - 8.0'
Material
Black loam
Black silty clay loam
Yellowish brown silty
clay, mottled with
gray clay at 3.5'.
The water level was recorded at a
depth of 4.66', 24 hours after the
hole was augered.
SOIL BORING 4 -
Depth
(Feet)
Material
Depth
(Feet)
0.0' -
1.0'
Black loam
0.0' -
3.0'
1_0' -
2.5'
Black silty clay loam
3.0' -
4.0'
2.5' -
3.0'
Grayish brown silty
4.0' -
5.0'
clay loam
3.0' -
3.5'
Dark Yellowish brown
5.0' -
6.0'
silty clay loam
3.5' -
8.0'
Grayish brown silty
6.0' -
8.0'
clay, mottled with
gray clay at 3.5'.
Material
Black clay loam
Gray clay
Olive brown silty
clay
Reddish brown sandy
clay
Yellowish brown sandy
clay
The water level was recorded at a
The water level was recorded at a depth of 4.17', 24 hours after the
depth of 4.83', 24 hours after the hole was augered.
hole was augered.
SPECIFICATIONS FOR PROPOSED ON -SITE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEM
MOUND: PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
LOCATION: George A. Jackson
Lot 4, Block 1, The Nursery, Orono, Minnesota
Job Number 11-78-47
DATE: September 12, 1978
I. SEWAGE TANK - TWO 1000-gallon LIQUID CAPACITY tanks, IN SERIES,
manufactured and installed in compliance with the
following specifications. See Figure 1 for location.
1. MATERIALS
A. General
All tanks, regardless of material or method of construction shall
be:
(1) Water tight
(2) So designed and constructed as to withstand all lateral earth
pressures under saturated soil conditions with the tank empty.
(3) So designed and constructed as to withstand a minimum of seven
feet of saturated earth cover above the tank top.
In addition, the following specifications apply to specific mater-
ials as indicated.
B. Precast Concrete Tanks
(1) Precast concrete tanks shall be constructed of at least a
4,000 psi (pounds per square inch) core test, air entrained
concrete mix.
(2) Precast concrete tanks shall be cured to at least a seven-day
strength before installation.
C. Fiberglass and Plastic Tanks
Fiberglass and plastic tanks shall be designed and constructed to
meet the requirements in Section I. - A.
D. Metal Tanks
Metal tanks shall have a wall thickness of at least eight gauge
corrosion resistant alloys and shall be coated inside and out
with at least one coat of bitumastic seal, Koppers 300-M, or by
other equivalent means. Tanks shall be carefully installed so as
not to puncture or damage the seal coating.
E. Block or Sectional Tanks
(1) Rectangular Blocks
(a) Rectangular blocks shall be laid on an approved bottom.
Block shall be at least eight inches thick, constructed
of a 4,000 psi core test concrete mix, and cured to a
28-day strength before installation.
(b) Rectangular blocks shall be laid either with mortar
joints or filled cores.
(c) There shall be at least two coats of 1/4 inch thick
concrete plaster placed on the inside of the block tank.
There shall be at least two hours elapsed time between
coats. The plaster coat shall start at the bottom course
and work up.
(2) Circular Block Tanks
(a) Circular blocks shall be carefully placed on an approved
bottom. Circular blocks shall be at least two inches
thick and constructed of a 4,000 psi core test concrete
mix, cured to a 28-day strength before installation.
(b) There shall be at least two coats of 1/4 irzh thick
concrete plaster placed on the inside of the block tank.
There shall be at least two hours elapsed time between
coats. The plaster coat shall start at the bottom course
and work up.
(3) Sectional Tanks
(a) A sectional tank shall have an entire section cast as an
integral unit.
(b) A sectional tank shall have two or more sections and shall
have at least one joint below the level of the outlet in-
vert of the tank.
(c) Sectional tanks shall have an integrally cast bottom, or
shall be laid on an approved bottom.
- 2 -
(d) The joint or joints shall be permanently sealed so as to
be watertight.
(4) Bottoms
(a) Any tank not having an integrally cast bottom shall not be
installed when the water table is closer than three inches
to the bottom of the excavation.
(b) If the bottom is poured -in -place concrete, it shall be
at least four inches thick and extend to at least four
inches outside the tank wall. A concrete mix of at
least one part cement, two parts washed sand and three
parts washed rock shall be mixed before placement in
the excavation.
(c) If a starter ring is used, it shall be constructed of a
4,000 psi core test concrete mix, cured to a seven-day
strength before installation. It shall extend at least
one inch beyond the tank wall, inside and out. A bottom
shall be poured of concrete mix defined in Section (b)
above. It shall extend at least two inches above the
starter ring and shall be at least four inches thick.
(d) If a precast bottom is used, it shall be made of a 4,000
psi core test concrete mix, cured to a seven-day strength
before installation. It shall extend at least one inch
beyond the tank wall, or be cast integrally with the
bottom section.
(e) A sectional tank not having an integrally precast bottom
shall have a four -inch thick bottom poured within the
tank walla.
(5) Covers
(a) Any tank cover not integrally cast with the tank shall be
so installed that the joint with the tank sidewall is
perntan�-!ntly sealed so as to be watertight.
(b) All covers shall be so designed and constructed as to
withstand a minimum of seven feet of saturated earth cover
above the tank top.
F. Inlet and Outlet Device Materials
(1) Inlet and outlet devices shall be sanitary tees, or baffles
constructed of acid resistant concrete, acid resistant
fiberglass or plastic.
(2) Sanitary tees shall be glued to the inlet or outlet pipes.
Baffles shall be integrally cast with the tank, affixed with
a permanent waterproof adhesive or affixed with stainless
steel connectors, top and bottom.
- 3 -
2. DESIGN
All tanks, regardless of material or method of construction, shall
conform to the following design criteria:
A. The LIQUID DEPTH of any septic tank of compartment thereof
shall be not less than 30 inches. A liquid depth greater
than six and one-half feet shall not be considered in de-
termining tank capacity.
B. No tank or compartment thereof shall have an inside horizontal
di-ension less than 24 inches.
C. Inlet and outlet connections of the tank thereof shall be sub-
merged by means of vented, sanitary tees or baffled.
D. The space in the tank between the liquid surface and the top
of the inlet and outlet baffles or sanitary tees shall be not
less than 20 percent of the total required liquid capacity,
except that in horizontal cylindrical tanks this space shall
be not less than 15 percent of the total required liquid
capacity.
E. The inlet baffle or sanitary tee shall extend at least six
inches but not more than 20 percent of the total liquid depth
below the liquid surface and at least one inch above the crown
of the inlet sewer.
F. The outlet baffle or sanitary tee and the baffles or sanitary
tees between compartments shall extend below the liquid surface
a distance equal to 40 percent of the liquid depth except that
the penetration of the indicated baffles or sanitary tees for
horizontal cylindrical tanks shall be 35 percent of the total
liquid depth. They also shall extend above the liquid surface
as required in D. above. In no case shall they extend less
than six inches above the liquid surface.
G. There shall be at least one inch between the underside of the
top of the tank and the highest point of the inlet and outlet
devices.
H. The inlet invert shall be not less than three inches above the
outlet invert.
I. The inlet and outlet shall be located opposite each other along
the axis of maximum dimension. The horizontal distance between
the nearest points of the inlet and outlet devices shall be at
least four feet.
- 4 -
• J
i
J. Sanitary tees shall be at least four inches in diameter. Inlet
baffles shall be no less than six inches or no more than 12
inches measured from the end of the inlet pipe to the nearest
point on the baffle. Outlet baffles shall be six inches meas-
ured from beginning of the outlet pipe to the nearest point on
the baffle.
K. Access to the septic tank shall be as follows:
(1) There shall be one or more manholes, at least 20 inches lea."t
dimension, and located within six fee: of all walls of the
tank. The manhole shall extend throu,lh the cover to a point
within 12 inches but no closer than six inches below finished
grade. The manhole cover shall be covered with at least six
inches of earth.
(2) There shall be an inspection pine of at least four inches
diameter or a manhole over both the inlet and outlet devices.
The inspection, pipe shall extend through the cover and be
capped flush or above fini3hed grade. A downward projection
of the center line of the inspection pipe shall be directly
in line with the center line of the inlet or outlet device.
L. Multiple tanks
(1) Where more than one tank is used to obtain the required liquid
volume, the tanks shall be connected in series.
(2) Each tank shall comply with all other provisions cf Section I. -A.
(3) No more than four tanks in series can be used to obtain the
required liquid volume.
MAINTENANCE SUGGESTIONS -
Inspect the tank annually and have the tank cleaned when the scum is
3 inches or less above the outlet baffle and/or when the sludge level is
8 inches or less below the outlet baffle.
3. LOCATION
A. The sewage tank shall be placed so that access is convenient
for the removal of liquids and accumulated solids.
B. The sewage tank shall be placed on firm and settled soil
capable of bearing the weight of the tank and its contents.
- 5 -
C. Sew I(je t,inks shall be set. back the following distances from
the features given below:
Feature Minimum Setback Distances (f`-t)
Water Supply Well and Buried 75'
Water Suction Pipe
Buried Pipe Distributing 20'
Water Under Pressure
Buildings 20'
Property Dines 20'
The ordinary High Water Mark of:
Natural Environment Lakes 150*
and Rivers
Recreational Development 75*
Lakes and Rivers
General Development Lakes 50*
and Streams
Wild River 150*
Scenic River 100*
Designated Tributaries of 75*
Wild, Scenic, and Recreational
Rivers
Wetlands
75'
*Regiii.L for new developments and where practicable, for existing
developments.
4. SURFACE FLOODING
Sewage tanks, shall not be placed in flood plains delineated by local
ordinances adopted in compliance with the Statewide Standards for
Manaccment of Flood Plain Ar.cas of. Minnesota (Minn. Reg. NR85-93),
or in areas for which regional flood information is available from
the Department of Natural Resources, except that in areas where ten
year flood information is available from and/or approved by the
Department. of Natural Resources.
- 6 -
4
II. PUMPING
A 600-gallon capacity tank, placed in series with the sewage tank,
shall be manufactured and installed in compliance with the following
specifications. See Figure 1 for location.
1. PUMPING CHAMBER
A. The pumping chamber shall be watertight and constructed of
sound and durable materials not subject to excessive corrosic-
or decay.
B. There shall be one or more manholes, at least 20 inches least
dimension and preferably located directly above the dosing
devi. The manhole shall extend through t,ie dosing chamber
cover to final grade and shall be so constructed as to pre-
vent unauthorized entry.
2. PUMPS FOR PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
A. A pump shall deliver the dose to the soil treatment area.
B. The pump discharge capacity shall be at least 30 gallons per
minute for a three -bedroom or smaller dwelling and an addi-
tional ten gallons per minute for each bedroom above three.
C. The pump shall be cast iron or bronze fitted and with stain-
less steel screws or constructed of other sound, durable and
corrosion -resistant materials.
D. The quartity of effluent delivered for each pump cycle shall
be no more than 25 percent of one day's sewage flow or 200
gallons, whichever is greater.
E. The pump discharge head shall be at least five feet greater
than the head required to overcome the pipe friction loss
and the elevation difference between the pump and the
distribution system.
F. An alarm device shall be installed to warn of pump failure.
For dwellings, there should be reserve storage volume equal
to one day's sewage flow based on 150 gallons per bedroom.
III. DRAINFIELD
1. LOCATION
A. Mounds shall be i,-.:ated on flat areas or crests of slopes
whenever possible.
B. Mounds shall not be located on natural slopes of more than
3 percent if the percolation rate in all layers of natural
or fill soil to a depth of at least 24 inches below the sand
layer of the mound is slower than 60 minutes per inch.
- 7 -
C. Mounds shall not be located on natural slopes of more than
6 percent if the percolation rate is slower than 30 minutes
per inch in all layers of natural or fill soil to a depth
of at least 24 inches below the sand layer of the mound.
D. Mounds shall not be located on natural slopes exceeding.12
percent tinder any soil percolation rate condtditions.
E. Mounds shall not be located on any soil where the percolation
rate in any layer of natural or fill soil to a depth of at
least 24 inches below the sand layer of the mound is slower
than 120 minutes per inch.
2. CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
, rubber -tired tractor may be used for plowing or disking to
prepare the soil surface but in no case shall a rubber -tired
tractor be uses after the surface preparation is completed. A
crawler or track -type tractor shall be used for mound const..:uc-
tion.
3. SOIL SURFACE PREPARATION
A. The discharge pipe from the pump to the mound area shall be
installed prior to soil surface preparation. The trench
excavated to install the discharge pipe shall be carefully
r3ckfilled and compacted to prevent seepage of effluent.
B. The total area selected for the mound, includii,g that under
the dikes, shall be roughened in order to thoroughly break up
any existing sod layer and to provide a suitable transition
zone between the original soil and the sand layer of the
mound. The area shall be roughened only when the moisture
content of the soil 8 inches below the surface is drier than
the plastic limit.
Plastic limit is the soil moisture content below which the
soil may be manipulated for purposes of installing a soil
treatment system, and above which manipulation will cause
compaction and puddling. If. a fragment of soil can easily be
rolled into a w.re 1/b inch in diameter, the moisture content
is above the plastic limit. if the soil is dry t_ugr to be
friable and falls apart when rolling it into a wire, the
moisture content is below the limit, and the soil may be man-
ipulated. The standard method of determining the plastic
limit is specified in American Association of State Highway
Officials (AASHO) Desionation: T 90-61.
ft
C. Surface preparation or roughening may be performed with a
mold board plow, a disk plow, or a backhoe using only the
teeth. Mold board plow furrows shall be at least 8 inches
deep, shall be thrown upslope and shall run perpendicular to
the slope. There shall be no deadfurrow under the mound.
Disking may be used for surface preparation as a substitute
for mold board piowinq in soils having percolation rates
faster than 15 minutes per inch (sandy loam) in the top
8-inch depth.
backhoe teeth may be used to rougLen the soil surface and
break up the sod layer. Care must be taken so as not to
compact or puddle deeper soil layers. In no case shall any
surface soil be excavated and removed from the area.
D. Mound construction shall proceed immediately after surface
preparation is completed. Every effort should be taken to
prevent rain from falling on the prepared soil surface.
4. SIZE (See Figures 2 and 3 for layout and details)
A. The bottom area of the filter material (rock) was sized on
the basis of 0.83 square feet per gallon of waste per day,
yielding 500 square feet.
B. In no case shall the width of the filter mate ial (rock) in
a single bed exceed 10 feet.
5. CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES
A. A minimum. of 12" of soil defined as sand she: be placed
where the filter i.iaterial is to be located. ti crawler
tractc�- with a blade or buck,,t shall be used to move the
sand into place. At least 6 inches of sand shall be kept
snder the tracks to minimize compaction of the plowed
layer. The sand layer upon which the filter material is
placed shall be level.
B. Sand is defined as a soil texture composed by weight of at
leact 25 percent of very coarse, coarse, and medium sand
varying in size from 2.0 to 0.25 mm, less than 50 percent
of fine or very fine sand ranging in size between 0.25 and
0.05 mm, and no more than 10 percent of particles smaller
than 0.05 run.
C. A depth of at least 9 inches of filer material (rock) shall
be placed on the sand layer prior to installing the distri-
bution pipe.
- 9 --
0
D. Filter material is defined as clean rock, crushed igneous
rock or similar insoluble, durable and decay -resistant
material free from dust, sand, silt, or clay. The size
shall range from 3/4 inch diameter to 2-1/2 inch diameter.
E. Effluent shall be distributed over the filter material by
1-1/4 inch diameter perforated pipe under pressure. Per-
foration holes shall be 3/16 inch in diameter drilled in a
straight line along the length of the pipe. Hole spacing
shall be 36 inches. Holes shall be drilled straight into
the pipe and not at an angle. A sharp drill shall be used
and any burrs in the inside of the pipe shall be removed.
The perforated pipe laterals shall be installed level with
the perforations downward.
F. The perforated pipe laterals shall be connected to a 2-inch
diameter manifold pipe and shell have their ends capped.
The laterals shall be spaced no further than 40 inches on
center and no further than 20 inches from the edge of the
filter material. Laterals shall be no longer than 50 feet.
G. The manifold pipe shall be connected to the supply pipe
from the pump. The manifold shall be sloped toward the
supply pipe fx)m the pump.
H. At least 2 inches of filter material shall be placed over
the lateral pipes.
I. Straw or marsh hay to an uncompacted depth of 3 to 4 inches
or untreated building paper shall be placed over the filter
material.
J. Construction vehicles shall not be allowed on the filter
material until backfill is placed.
K. Sandy loam soil shall be placed on the filter material to a
depth of one foot in the center of the mound and to a depth
of six inches at the sides.
L. Six inches of topsoil shall be placed on the fill material
over the entire area of the mound. A grass cover shall be
established over the entire area of the mound.
M. No shrubs shall be planted on the top of the mound. Shrubs
may be placed at the foot and side slopes of the mound.
N. Side slopes of 4 feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical (4:1)
are suggested for the dikes of the mound. This gentle slope
will allow easy mowing of the grass cover. If area is lim-
ited, steeper side slopes of 3:1 can be used. But in no
case shall the dike slope be steeper than 3:1. The soil
material at the toe of the dike should be slightly 1 ;s
- 10 -
permeable or somewhat tighter than.the natural soil below
the mound. This can be accomplished by selecting a finer
soil or by compaction.
O. Whenever mounds are located on slopes a diversion shall be
constructed immediately upslope from the mound to inter-
cept and divert runoff.
P. A 4" inspection well shall be provided for and should be
placed in the center of the field and capped flush with the
ground.
Q. Any soil treatment area shall be set back the following
distances from the features given below:
Feature Set Back Distance
In Feet
Water supply well less than 50 feet deep
and not encountering at least ten feet
of imp"rvious material 100,
Any other water supply well or buried
water suction pipe 75'
Buried pipe distributing water under
pressure 20'
Building 20'
Property lines 20'
The ordinary high water mark of:
Natural Environment Lakes & Streams 150*
Recreational Development Lakes 75*
General Development Lakes & Streams 50*
Wild River 150*
Scenic River 100*
Recreational River 75*
Designated Tributaries of Wild, Scenic, and
Recreational Rivers 75*
Wetlands 75'
*Required for new developments and where practicable, for
development.