HomeMy WebLinkAboutUpland Vegetation Management Plan 4
2180 Abingdon Way
Orono, MN
Upland Vegetation Management Plan
Prepared for:
Britt and Richard Gage
By:
Svoboda Ecological Resources �
Project Number: 2007-056-48 �
August 17, 2007 �(`'
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T'he contents and format of this report are considered intellectual property and are
subject to copyright restrictions and may not be reproduced without the express
permission of Svoboda Ecological Resources.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PURPOSE.............................................................................................................................1
METHODS...........................................................................................................................1
CONTROL OF EXISTING BUCKTHORN&GARLIC MUSTARD AND
PREVENTING FiJTURE INFESTATIONS..........................................................................2
SCHEDULEOF ACTIVI'I'IES.............................................................................................3
SPECIES RECOMIlVIEENllATION FOR PLANTING............................................................4
CERTIFICATION................................................................................................................5
LITERATUREREFERENCED...........................................................................................6
ATTACHMENT A: BWSR seed mix,N ative Savanna and Woodland Edge (U7)
ATTACHMENT B: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest Species Classification List
PURPOSE
A letter drafted by Bonestroo & Associates, Inc., dated July 26, 2007, was forwarded by
the City of Orono to Britt and Richard Gage, stating that the wetlands existing on their
property were categorized as Preserve Wetlands. The letter further states that, a 50-foot
buffer adjacent to all existing wetland would be required according to current city
ordinance for Preserve Wetlands within which a11 invasive plant species would need to be
eradicated completely. The invasive plant species specified within the letter are common
buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica) and garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata). This vegetation
management plan describes effective methods to remove these undesirable plant species
coupled with methods to re-establish native vegetation within bare areas where these
undesirable species were once dominant.
Pursuant to Orono Municipal Code, Chapter 78, Article XI, Section 1601, last paragraph,
"only the wetland that is potentially adversely impacted shall be subject to the buffer
requirement." The "potentially impacted area" exists within the wetland (Wetland 2) on
the southern portion of the subject property. This southern portion of the subject property
is the area where the applicants, Britt and Richard Gage, will be installing a pool and
cabana. The applicants will initiate the vegetation management (i.e. removal of the
buckthorn) immediately after the construction permit for the pool and cabana is approved
by the City of Orono. The vegetation management will initially begin within the area of
construction and then be applied concurrently with the construction to the remainder of
the buffer area existing adjacent to Wetland 2 on the southern side of the subject parcel.
The vegetation management will continue annually until the invasive vegetation is
eradicated. See the Schedule of Activities section below for a description of the timeline
involved with the vegetation management activities.
METHODS
The protected upland buffer area will require aggressive management to be preserved in a
natural condition with predominantly native, non-invasive plant species. Management
will include the control of existing non-native and invasive vegetation, the
encouragement of native species, and future monitoring of the site to discover any newly
established invasive plants.
Presently, areas within the 50-foot buffer are dominated by the non-native and invasive
plants common buckthorn and garlic mustard. Native species that are dominant fall into
the Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest classification according to the Minnesota
DNR Ecological Classification System (Dunevitz and Lane, 2004). Common buckthom
and garlic mustard (see below) occur at this site and are considered invasive within this
community type. We have provided control recommendations for common buckthorn and
garlic mustard. A list of desirable native species that are lrnown to occur within this
community according to Dunevitz and Lane (2004) and Restoring and Managing Native
Wetland and Upland Vegetation(R. Jacobson, 2006)is also provided.
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 1 Richard&Britt Gage
Allstate Tree Service, Inc. will conduct removal and annual control of the common
buckthorn. Depending on their availability, either Minnesota Native Landscapes, Inc. or
Prairie Restorations, Inc. will be completing the installation of the native vegetation.
Greer Lundquist, Hydrogeologist, currently employed by the Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources, and Todd Troskey, hydrogeologist, State of Wisconsin certified soil
tester (#41546) will provide additional consulting for the project. After the initial
remediation of the upland buffer area is complete, Svoboda Ecological Resources (SER)
will monitor the upland buffer area and submit annual reports to the Local Government
Unit (LGU) and the City of Orono describing the progression of the management area if
desired by regulatory personnel.
CONTROL OF EXISTING BUCKTHORN AND GARLIC
MUSTARD AND PREVENTING FUTURE INVESTATIONS
Buckthorn(Rhamnus cathartica)is spreading throughout this upland buffer area as well
as throughout the entire project parcel and adjacent parcels within the area. Seed carried
by birds introduces these plants throughout the region. Buckthorns generally do well in
moderately shady forested areas. To eradicate the existing buckthorn, cut the plants and
treat the stumps with herbicide. One application of glyphosate on a fresh cut stump in
August or September has proven to be effective, though other treatments are known to
work as well (Converse 2003). Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that will kill non-
target plants if it comes into contact with them. Managers should exercise caution during
application, and not spray so heavily that herbicide drips off the target species.
Another option is basal bark application of Garlon 4� (University of Minnesota
Extension Service 1999). To prevent dense re-infestations we advise careful monitoring
of the site every 2-3 years. Upon the discovery of newly established plants it is
recommended to pull the plants out of the ground, including the roots, immediately.
There are specialized weed pullers to facilitate pulling larger plants. However, pulling is
the preferred option when there are localized infestations of small plants; thorough
monitoring should ensure this case.
Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) is also spreading throughout the upland buffer area
as well as the entire project parcel and is likely found within neighboring parcels.
According to the Wisconsin DNR Invasive Species Information, minor infestations can
be eradicated by hand pulling at or before the onset of flowering, or by cutting the flower
stalk as close to the soil surface as possible just as flowering begins (cutting a couple
inches above ground level is not quite as effective). Cutting prior to this time may
promote re-sprouting. Cutting flowering plants at the ground level has resulted in 99%
mortality and eliminates seed production. A scythe;monofilament weed whip, or power
brush cutter may be helpful if the infestation covers a large area. When pulling, the upper
half of the root must be removed in order to stop buds at the root crown from sending up
new flower stalks. Pulling is very labor intensive, and can result in soil disturbance,
damaging desirable species, and bringing up seeds from the seed bank. These results can
be partially prevented by thoroughly tamping soil after pulling. If, however, seed bank
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 2 Richard&Britt Gage
depletion is desired, leave the soil in a disturbed state to encourage further germination,
and return annually to remove the plants. In general, cutting is less destructive than
pulling as a control method, but can be done only during flower stalk elongation. Pulling
can be done at any time when the soil is not frozen. If flowering has progressed to the
point that viable seed exists, remove the cut or pulled plants from the area. Because seeds
remain viable for five years, it is essential that an area be monitored and plants removed
for at least five years after the initial control effort.
For lazger infestations the Wisconsin DNR suggests that, fall or early spring buining may
be effective. First year plants aze killed by fire, if the fire is hot enough to remove a111eaf
litter. However, the bare soil enhances survival of seedlings that germinate after the fire,
and the total population may increase after the fire. Dense populations may be controlled
more effectively by fall burning, when leaf litter provides adequate fuel. Spring burns
should be conducted early enough to minimize possible injury to spring wildflowers.
Three to five years of burning are required, and should be followed by hand-pulling or
cutting of small populations produced from the seed bank. Garlic mustard plants hit by
fire are generally killed. Because most woodland fires are patchy, flame torches may be
useful in areas not burned in entirety.
Infestations can also be controlled by applying 1-2% active ingredient (a.i.) solution of
glyphosate to the foliage of individual plants and dense patches during late fall or early
spring. At these times, most native plants are dormant, but garlic mustard is green and
vulnerable. Glyphosate is a nonselective herbicide that will kill non-target plants if it
comes into contact with them. Managers should exercise caution during application, and
not spray so heavily that herbicide drips off the target species. Herbicide use is safest for
native plants if done during the dormant season, as garlic mustard will grow as long as
there is no snow cover and the temperature is greater than 35°F. An early spring
application of tricolopyr at a 1% a.i. concentration in solution with water has been used,
resulting in a 92%rosette mortality rate(Wisconsin DNR,2004).
SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES
Year 1-Common Buckthorn:Cut buckthorn throughout the upland buffer zone. Treat
stumps with chosen herbicide and corresponding methodology specific to
the herbicide.
Garlic mustard: Hand pull minor infestations and cut flowering stem at ground
level. Complete prescribed burn for larger infestations if enough fuel is
available to carry the flames. Complete spot application of 1-2%
glyphosate in early spring or late fall when native plants are dormant
and/or complete an application of tricolopyr at a 1% a.i. concentration in
solution with water.
Plant Native Vegetation: Augment with native shrubs (3-4 different species,2
to 3 per cluster or dispersed),trees, and herbaceous plants. Add mulch
around each newly installed plant-about 1 foot radius. Protect young
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Project No.:07-056-48 3 Richard&Britt Gage
shrubs from browsing deer,rabbits, etc. using protective structures.
Year 2—Monitor new plantings and maintain protective structures. Check area for
buckthorn and garlic mustard infestations as well as other invasive species
such as reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and smooth brome
(Bromus inermis). Spot treat invasive vegetation that emerges with
recommended herbicide described in the procedure for Year 1.
Year 3—Verify that the area is still dominated by native species. Repeat procedure
described for Year 2 for emerging invasive vegetation.
Britt and Richard Gage will retain SER as consultants for the purposes of monitoring the
vegetation management activities within the upland buffer area for the time period of
three years, where SER will visit the site twice per year. Britt and Richard Gage request
notification by the City of Orono before an on-site inspection is conducted. SER will
report the progress of the monitoring activities to Britt and Richard Gage after each site
visit and will also discuss any issues with the City of Orono at the time of the scheduled
on-site inspection.
SPECIES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PLANTING
Attachment A contains the BWSR seed mix, Native Savanna and Woodland Edge (U7)
that SER recommends to be used in the bare areas that will likely be created as a result of
buckthorn and garlic mustard removal. See Restoring and Managing Native Wetland and
Upland Vegetation(R. Jacobson, 2006), for more information on this seed mix.
Attachment B contains a list of possible species to be added in the upland buffer
management area that exist within the Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest
classification according to the Minnesota DNR Ecological Classification System
(Dunevitz and Lane, 2004). This list, however, is not a seed mix. It only provides
examples of species that could be planted within this type of community.
Utilizing available plant sources of some of these species from Minnesota Native
Landscapes, Inc. or Prairie Restorations, Inc. and adding them to the buffer area should
provide for future diversity throughout this upland preservation zone.
Svoboda Ecological Resowces 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 4 Richard&Britt Gage
CERTIFICATION
Brian Burgner(Wetland Ecologist II) completed the Upland Buffer Vegetation
Management Plan on this day, August 8,2007.
Client: Britt and Richard Gage
Project Name: 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.: 2007-056-48
Location: Orono, Minnesota
a�.�r�6��d i l��ry..
^...1
Wetland Ecologist II
Wetland Delineator-Certified(Cert#: 1124)
�.a...°�--- d.
President, Svoboda Ecological Resources
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 5 Richard&Britt Gage
REFERENCES
Converse, C. 1984. Element Stewardship Abstract for Rhamnus cathartica, Rhamnus
frangula (syn Frangula alnus). The Invasive Species Initiative. The Nature
Conservancy. Last updated 2004. Accessed May 17, 2005.
<http://tncweeds.ucdavis.edu/esadocs/documnts/franaln.html>
Dunevitz, H. and C. Lane. 2004. Species Lists for Terrestrial and Palustrine Native Plant
Communities in East-Central Minnesota. A joint project of Minnesota Department of
Natural Resources, Great River Greening, and Ecological Strategies, L,L,C.
R. Jacobson. 2006. Restoring and Managing Native Wetland and Upland Vegetatio n. A
joint project of Minnesota Department of Transprotationand Minnesota Board of Water
and Soil Resources.
University of Minnesota Extension Service. 1999. Buckthorn Control. Peter Dzuik, Script
Writer. MN Dept. of Ag.Bulletin Buckthorn and Its Control: Hennepin Parks, U of MN
Dept. of Forest Resources. <http://www.extension.umn.edu/info-
u/environmentlBD516.htm1>
Wisconsin DNR. 2004. Invasive Species Information: Garlic Mustard,Unknown Script
Writer. <http://dnr.wi.gov/invasives/fact/garlic.hhn>
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 6 Richard&Britt Gage
Attachment A
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-056-48 � Richard&Britt Gage
CHAPTER 3: Seed 8�Seed Mixes
Mixture U7(Native Savanna 8 Woodland Edge)
Common Name Botanical Name Seeds/oz. Seeds/ftZ %of Mix
„ Bluestem,big Andropogon gerardi 10,000 4.4 8.0
a
o Oats or winter wheat• Avena sativa or Triticum aestivum 800 1.7 38.0
ci Wood chess,hairy Bromus purgans 7,600 4.2 10.0
� Wild-rye,Canada Elymus canadensis 5,200 1.7 6.0
V Bottle-brush grass Elymus hystrix 7,600 1.7 4.0
°� Wheat-grass,slender Elymus trachycaulus 6,900 3.8 10.0
M
� Wild-rye,Virginia Elymus virginicus 4,200 2.3 10.0
� Rye-grass,annual' Lolium italicum 20,000 11.0 10.0
� Switch grass Panicum virgatum 14,000 0.8 1.0
Hyssop,fragrant-giant Agastache foeniculum 90,000 1.0 0.2
Aster,smooth-blue Aster laevis 55,000 0.3 0.1
Aster,large-leaved Aster macrophyllus 27,000 0.1 0.1
Milkvetch,Canada Astragalus canadensis 17,000 0.4 0.4
Tic-Vefoil,showy Desmodium canadense 5,500 0.7 0.4
Sunflower,early Heliopsis helianthoides 6,300 0.1 0.4
y Bergamot,wild Monarda fistulosa 70,000 0.4 0.1
� Black-eyed Susan's Rud6eckia hirta 92,000 1.0 0.2
0
" Golden-glow,wild Rudbeckia laciniata 14,000 0.2 0.2
Aster,upland-white Solidago ptarmicoides 64,000 0.4 0.1
Goldenrod,stifr Solidago rigida 41,000 0.5 0.2
Vervain,blue Verbena hastata 93,000 0.5 0.1
American vetch Vicia americana 10,000 0.1 0.1
Alexander's,heart-leaved Zizia aptera 12,000 0.1 0.2
Alexander's,golden Zizia aurea 11,000 0.1 02
Total: 100.0
Recommended Rate: 15.0(PLS Ibs/acre)
•Note: Oats are used in s rin 8 summer and winter wheat in the fali.
' � � ` �-�=-�`u �`�s�'' � "is r (��"�f'9'�Ns`�i�t'��' ;���U��) €b`� ,M`�< t'�
� Summaries� � �� �
Mix Seeds Per Square Foot Mix Seeds Per Square Yard Mix Seeds Per Acre
37 331 1,604,208
°k by wt.Grasses °h by wt.Cover Crop °k by wt.Forbs
49.0 48.0 3.0
%by Seed Count Grasses °�by Seed Count Cover Crop °k by Seed Count Forbs
51.0 35.0 14.0
R.Jacobson. Wetland Reslwetion S Management Page 35 of 70
Attachme nt B
Svoboda Ecological Resources 2180 Abingdon Way
Project No.:07-OSCr48 g Richard&Britt Gage
�Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 '
�Cano�y Trees(>10 m) ! � ` � � � ... ` _. _ � . �- --� __.
-_ a -- _ __ __
;Acer �saccharum�� ; `' �� (Mazsh. ' � �Sugaz maple � � 100; 59� 5900���
e .,, .. � . .. i . .. E. .... .. .. . .. .. ... ... ... g .,d. �«._ _. _
�Tilia `americana � �L. �:Basswood � ; 71� 21� 1491�
�Quercus �rubra � � �L. ; � �.Northern red oak � �� � ; 53' 14, 742�
_ _ _ ; e. : m.
�- .
�Ulmus �rubra ' ` �Muhl. � � �� Slippery elm ; ` 39' & 312
_ - _ - � � - -
+Ulmus �amerdcana r� � `L. � IAmecicanelm ` � 21��� 12� 252�
_ � � _ . _ : _ _ r _ ; �. ,_
( � � � € E � l �
jOstrya �virginiana f c (Mill.)K.Koch� Ironwood ; 16; 6� 96�
�Frarinus �nigra ; � � �Marsh. �Black ash � � 18; �4� 72(
� _ _ _ _. � a. . s .(Wang.)K.�� _ -� � � m _ _ _ �- � �
' . . � ° � `
;Carya 'cordaform:s , ( �Koch ' �Bitternut hickory ' ; 13; 4 52j
�Pu rcus Fina�ocar a � C �Michx. ' . Burloakine e � s g; . 15' 45r
�. . , �
,_ _ � _ � 4
�Q . . , . , _ P . E , � � _ . _ � ; � 16f
2
Celtis �occidentalis ; ;L. ; �Hackberry 5� 3� 15
Fraxinus °pennsylvanica � ` �Marsh. � Green ash • � � 11; 2� 22�
. . ; _ _ __ .. _ . _ _�. , .. .. � T� .
Quercus 'a[ba j ' �L. ,White oak � j 3� 3 9�
� _ , __ _ _ v � __ � R . _e ��_ _� _. �.e . , �. .m.e
Acer �negundo i� �L. iBoxelder � � 3� 3, 9t
. .. _ . ..,, .w_ ,._ � __ _ ... , _:
Prunus jserotina � EEhrh. �'Black cherry � 3' 3{ 9�
� _ � _.. � .-- -, � ee _ '`
v_. _ � _... r e .�,�_�� �_
;Juglans nagra E � �L. Black walnut 3; �1� 3_
Understory Trees , t � � � __ �__ _ . .,( . . ,
..a� � . �_ �r_ � �__ a � e, _ ___
_ ��� _ _
,Acer �� �saccharum � � Marsh. ; � iSagar maple � ; 100,� 50: SOOOi
� � E � � Mill. K.Koch� _ ., j�Ironwood. _ � _ — 53�. ���.� �,. €
�Ostrya �virginiana ; • ( ) ' ! 95�
__ � .
.¢. . . _ �
�Tilia �americana � � � �L. n � fBasswood . _ � � � 7G� 6� 456�
�
� _ � �� . _ ��W ng.)K. _ � w _ � _
, a � � , ,
;Carya .cordiformis � ,Koch ' Bitternut hickory = � 84� 5� 420�
_ _ � , .. __ _ e s _ _ __ �. � �,_ � _ �
�(11mus � ;rubra � _ �Muhl. � �Slippery elm i 39; 9, 351's
! , . _.. . , __;
;Celtis 'occidentalis ` � �L. • �Hackberry � 50 4j 200�
� ,P _ _ a �,- , S . u _ � m _ a w _ �� _
�Ulmus� �americana � j � �L. � E American elm � 32� 5� 160`
-- — � _ �. .. , . _. n a _ ; _ . 1 ,� �w�. �w ��
��Fraxinus °n:gra ` �Marsh. �Black ash C � 18� 5� 90;
� � ° w� � . _ , __� � s �. �.___� _ _ �_ _. � _.��
�FrczxBnus �ennsylvanica � ; � �Marsh � �Green ash _ _ � 29� 3� 87�
�Car inus caroliniana� �ss vir iniana� �Walt. � Mar� �Northern red oak � ; 42�� 2 84�
Quercus ,rubra - �
� p . p r g. . � ` �( sh.)Furlow Blue beech - - �� � -m. . ��_.,. .... g� 40�
, ��
� g . �_ ` .. .a s _ .. � .
lAcer ne ���., � , �_ _,
undo � � IL. � � � �Box elder j � 18; 2� 36_
A joint project of the Minnesota DNR and Great River Greening
Sample size:38 reteves
52 Published January 2004
�Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southeru Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 '
Q �� emuloides � � �� Mic � � _ _
� uercus macrocar a � _ �Miclix. '� �Bur oak - � � � � i __ 3� 3� 9i
_
Populus �tr p, e _ �._._.�. ..___....�.-- - - �,., . m_ . .
� � ` tix. � �Quaking aspen i 36 3� 9',
�Shrubs � ` � l � _ � _ l _ � _ _ �
�Ribes �cyraosbati � . �L. � ���Prickly gooseberry � i 97,� 4� 388�
�Sambucus ;racemosa i ; �L. ? � �� �Red-berriedElder � ; 53� 6� 318;
TPrunus �virginiana ; � jL. , �Chokecherry _ � � _ ; 53; 3� 159;
�Cornus lum � �alterni olra � ' `Mif. �� : �Prickly ash � � , 39; 3; 117i
Y � ; ` .
� � , �, . dogwood � _ _._ , , 32` 3� :
� f Pagoda , � 96
� �. �, Tm �._� � _� m.. {
Ribes �missouriense � � � �Nutt. � � �Missoun ooseberry � { �� 13; � 5� 65[
a '
S
_ __ _� , . �
'Staphylea _ �folia �, ; �L. . � �Bladdernut . e ` , ; , g�— ��- 56_
�DBrca � alustris L. Leatherwood ; = 8, 2' 16
�Prunus ;americana � ; �Mazsh. ` � � Wild plum � � r , 8`�,,� 2g 16�
m � _ _ . a r � .� .b
e ..
Sambucus � � �canadensis j � L. � Common Elder � I 5;� 3= 15�
_
Ribes �americanum � E �Mill. � �� �Wildblackcurrant � � 3; 3 �9�
�l�iburnum r�ne�quiam�m � � � �Schultes � �Downy� � ` � -� 3� � 3 9,
Viburnum lenta o pL. Nann b�ow-wood �
� � � m � � ,
�.: _. _ m . - _
, _ � _ .. _
3, 9
iCornus !racemosa ` �Lam. r `Gray dogwood � 3� la 3;
I 1 i � ' { i �I I i
aVines 1 i�� � ' I i .. _ � � _ G. _` �
_ � , r � _ ���
�Parthenocissirs 3spp. � j �� � E IVirginiacreeper „ � � 58� 6� 348
� _ � _. _ _ , _
Menispermzrm �canadense , , (L. � ;Canadamoonseed � � 32 4 128
�[�itis � � �riparia ��� �� � �Miclix � � � . ��Wild grape y � � � � 13�� 3� 39
� � �.� _ _� _� v _ �.� _ �. m_.. m� � n.. � � , , _ _ � n ��
Smilax �his ida ; ' ITorr. Green-briar � ; 13r 3� 39`
p `
_ �-- • :— . �_ -_ s _m __,� ..�... . . �; _. ��
Celastrus �scandens � �
, _ M , �,. � , _ _ ,�,�
3 = 'L. � �Climbing bittersweet r � 8; 3: 24
t � � � `` €
Laportea canadensis .� ;� , „ F ,,. - a u.... . � � ._ s , � � �
H dro h 1/um =vir� � � =�L.)Wedd � ;Wood-nettle �� � . 74`� 17� 1258y
_ _ . �_ _ _n na . . . _ _ . a. � � e �_,
� y p y � 'ginianum� ; a � �L. �� . �Virgmia waterleaf � = 89; 13; 1157�
e. .. ..� :,. , .. , _ .
�Erythronium �albidum � ; Nutt. � i !White trout-lily� � � � � 29� 27 783�
� .n � : �. _. _. __. . � �. � __ . �. _ � _. e� �
_ �
�Asarum � ?canadense j ; �L. 'Wild ginger '. � ° 42� 16 672�
. . �
��� _ n �
_ __ ..�_ _... � _
,I � �(Miclix.) � !
�Osn:orhiza �claytonif I ° gClarke i �Cla ton's sweet cicel � � 71�� 7� 497
.,� �_. �. �� � _� , ,. _ , m�m., .__.,� _..Y._ . �,� y . , �_ .� . ..�.... x.. = m� .�
�Gadium � �apartne ; � _ �L. = Cleavers m _ � ; _ ,m g�=� .n_ �...5� 410E
„ � ._ e,.. w_� _ _
�viola ;cm4 i � � ���•Violet� � � 76� 5 80�
, � 3
narra canadensis � � L Be►mh. � f � utchman s bree ��
� ' a cucullaria � �( ) D ches � � � � 50� � 50�
�San ui. � _ � _ � __. _ a _
7 3
' ' = L ' � �Bloodroot � � � � 84�� 3� 252;
�Ca��h llum � `thalictroides ' � � _,_� �L. Miclix. �� .1 mm�-�- � . , . __�.. _ ... g �. _ . a,__.a_ .. . _,,.
i =
a Blue cohosh I = 63` 4 252�
_ p_y . - _ _ �..�..� e� . � � _._ __e_ _ � .e _ .� � _ee €�_e �s � a_
Thalictrum °dioicum t� � �L. 'Early meadow-rue � = 63 4F 252��
� a �. .,.��, .. . ,..� � . �_ :. , � �_ , �. ,. . � - a � � .� _�,�..� .. . C.m _�w� �
..... � _�
,Anemone �acutiloba 3 � ,(D.C.)Lawson _ �Sharp-lobed hepat�ca , 34; 7z 38i
_ _ �� _ .__� � r� __�..� . _— �
A joint project of the Minnesota DNR and Great River Greening
Sample size:38 releves
53 Published January 2004
�Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 '
_ _ . � _ � a
�
�Uvularia igrandiflora � � � i Sm. i Yellow bellwort � f � �79�. 3± 237�
_ . _ _ _ ,._.. .__.._�� .__ . � .
- � rv_� g___ i_.
� i � � �(Michx.)O. ? � � F �
�Cardamine �concatenata � a _ �Schwarc i Cut-leaved toothwor[ ; � 26' 9� 234�
jSolidago flexicaulis � j ,L. � ��Zig-zag goldenrod I i 55= � �4 220e
� , �. � ; � . _ _ � _ _ _. _ _ � _ v �N,.... _..., y _ _ (
, � � � E �
�Circaea -dntetiana `ssp. ;canadensis ;L. (L.)Asch.&Magnus �Canada enchanter's nightshade � � SOi 4� 200!
_ � . _ _ _ _ s _ � � � __ _
_ �
jAllium ;tricocczrm� ' �Ait. j 1 Wild leek � E 66t� 3; 198'
,racemosa � �(L.)Desf. � � ���Racemose false Solomo � ����� �- �� � � �
. _. y � �
�Smilacina � _ �� _ � n's-seal ; t 58� 3g 174(
.. _, , .� r ._ m_ _ _ v � , e � �a
� � � . .
�Anemone uin ue olia �;var. 'bifolia�� �� �L. ���- Farwd)wberry ��-�'Woodhanemone �� � � � 55;�� 3' 1 �
Phlox 'divaricata ss � _ 68�
� �R 9 .f E � �_ � _ _ �.e _ m � 65
- - _ . a. _ � . .am_ � a
Ardsaerr�a � trrphyllum � ; �(L.)Schott � Jack-tn-the pulpit � 1 � � E �
_ ,. �_ _ _ � � _ � � �.; ._ __ _ _ . � _. ���
Enemton �biternatum A � �(Raf.) � �False rue-anemone � ; 58' 19; 15��
Ph m� ��
, ry a �leptostachya i � L. � �Lopseed 42� 3 126�
_ . _ �. . .. _ - - - - - -
�Cryptotaenia � �canadensis ; � �(L.)DC. � IHonewort _ � � 29� 4' 116i
� _ _ _ .. __ . � r _
, ,. a.a � s _ �
Pilea "spp. � E E ;Clearweed � f 3� 38= 114�
Impatiens �SPR ..�. _ � � _ m, 3� _ � i .� .. _.. `E Spotted touch-e-not _ � � � ^ 264 __4� 1141
Anemone amertcana DC. Hara � �Round-lobed he atica � 38
._, _ � .
, ' _ . , , _ . � _ _ __ ;_ _ 104
� �viola �cml l � F y. � �Violet �� � � 34� � 3� 102�
�Aplectrum hyemale �� � (Willd.)Toir. � � Putty root � � 32� 3� 96�
� �._, . ._.._ �. ....�,.� .. � _ _ -- ---
_ _�. � __ �� _ .. . .. _ . .�. �� ._.�. ._ �. _.�a� , _��
�-- •
�Polygonatum b�orum j � (Walter)Elliott Giant Solomon's-seal � � 29� 3� 87;
�. _.��_,_� .. ....... _ __ _ __ _ _�_._ _ �- � _v..� .�. .._a—_
_k..� .. m�v _. __...
j � (M�clix) � J 's, j °
Trillium grand:florum ; � SSalisb � Lazge-flowered trillwm # � 11� „7� 77�
., �� , � . � �_ ,.�_� , - � . _ . v�_, ,. .ti .. _�.
Ranunculus abortevus ' � �L. � � Kidney-leafbuttercup � 37� 74
_. . � ,.. . e _e, � � .�� ._ � � - � .. �..._ .A _ �_Ae � .��� .� � w .� .. .. _ . �� --- � . �� �� e
�Polygonatum pubescens F (Willd.)Pursh Hairy Solomon's-seal � _ m 24 � w 3� nnry 72�
k �. .� �_ �. ._,.. _ ._ ,�..
Geum v_ _ ___ _ �canadense.._ �-. ��. Jacq .. ,... � � _ P. ._._ .v � �l White a ens er. _ _ .M . ._ . . ,. �� 32�.., ..2� G4
� ; , � � �.� ,_ _E
�Galium 3tr�orum ; � Michx. � Three flowered bedstraw 21E 3 63�
. . � � _ . ._ .. .. _:.., . _. . __ � � ....s . . ._ _ _ . rw. , . „_.7. . >,.. ._ t
;Tril/itrm 'cernuirm j � � EL. ` Nodding trillium � � � � _� � 29� 2�
, _ m � �_. _ . _ _ _
� � ���� ������Gre arious blac - - � �
Sanicirla �gregaria � j ,Bickn � g k snakeroot � _ 16� 3� 48�
� , m,. m �. _; � _ � � . e � � . _ __r . m . a ..�� s � .. . � n._
;
Geranium 4maculatzrm � � �L. t Wild gecanium � _ 8� 6 48-
Am hd���. � ; � _. �_ ._ . . . _ . . _ _� r� �
p carpaea �bracteata i � (L.)Fern. � ,- _�Hog-peanut � 16� 3' 48
v _. . .. _w.� . ._. m
Osmorhiza �longistylis 1 � �(Torr.)DC. . �Amse-root � � 8j � 6x 48�
�, . ._. . . !.. , . _ . .— -, ..... . ..._ .. __ ,__ _,wi
�Trillium �lexipes � ' Raf. �Drooping trillium � 16� 3 48
_ _ _ r a� � ,� _ _ ,. P P.�� � m . .. _� ._
�Mitella �diphylJa � � �L � ; 1Two-leaved miterwort � ; 11¢� 4� 44�
��t _
nr_ ,
�Actaea rubra � ' �(Ait.)Willd. � �Red baneberry _ � 1 131 3� 39j
Sanicula �marilandica i ; T =L. ' �� W �lMarilanorchis _� � ::_� � mm ! 13�� 3d 39�
Orchis _ , ,
� �_ � _.__ . ._..
� � _. .. ,,,. ,,�_.,.. _ x. . . . � 3� 33�
_.__e . v _ : _ � _ ,W�� ... __ _ � __dblacksnakeroot r 11. . . , . . . �
A joint project of the Minnesota DNR and Great Rivet Greening
Sample size:38 releves
54 Published January 2004
1Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 '
. _ _ _. e. _.
�Claytonia �virginica ' �L. ; �Virginiaspring-beauty ' 8� 4j 32�
a � _� � ;, a _ � �_— __ _ _ �, .. . _ . .. _ � _ ,.. � _
� ' sarsaparilla � ; 8 4 32;
�Aradia nudicaulds ; L. Wild
_ _ � _ . . ..
RAralia i acemosa � � L. ; iAmerican spikenazd � 11; 2 22�
�Aster ;cordifolius � j 3 � ;L. � i � �Heart-leavedaster � �� � � 11= � 2, �22��
'Prenanthes �alba L. �;White�� � � ��
_ , i � j � � rattlesnake-root � ; 11� 2: 22�
_ '
,Rudbeckia � slaciniata i � rL. � iGoldenglow � _ � 8� 2� 16I
�Ranernctdirs � �hispidars �� ; � 'Miclix. �� � �� � ,Hispid buttercup � � � 5', 3� 15;
�G�um � �concinnum � � �� �T.�&G. � � �� ����Ele an�lady-slipper � ; � ; �� 5� 3� 15�
C ri edium calceoltrs L. Yellow
� _ " E , g �t bedstraw � �� 5; 3, �15�
3 � } ._ . , . _ .. . _ _ - �- - � ,_
,Eupatorium rugosum ; � Houtt. , �Common snakeroot � 5� 3� 15�
Hackelia �s � � � Sticks�_ . �_. , , _ __
� Pp. � n �� � eed � � 5= 2; 10�
=Urtica� � �ddodca � �ssp gractl�s �L. .(Ait.)Selander ��Stmgmgnettle ' ; �� Sy� 2, 10.
�Aquilegia � {canadensis� _� ; � � �L � � � �Columbme� j� � �� � ������ e p 5�_ 2i �10�
Corallorhiza � �spp. � � ' � � , Coralroot ; ! 3� 9j
._ _ �� ,.. � ..,. __ , . _, . . . ...
. ' 3
SBcyos � angulatus �L � � EBur-cucumber � � [ 3� 3� 9'
, _ . � e � . .., ._r� . e ;e_ . � e �
� � � and sunflower � , ¢ 3p 3� 9�
Saniculu� �canadensis � � � L. Canadi� � . � � � ��
utus ' � .Raf. Woodl
��Geum� �aleppicum � ;var. �strictum �� EJacq. �� ��� ��---� �black snakeroot � � 3; 3; _9�
_ { f_ � _ , _ ... _. ._. ...,. __ ... _ ...� j_.. . .a,� - �
" Fern. Yellow avens � 3° 3�
Maianthemum can _ ._ .,_ .� �� . ..�� .� s ,_ �_ s... s Ait.�� ,,. . a _ _... 4.�. e _�
. y� . .
n,_
� adense € � �Desf � �Canadamayflower �� � 3r �3 �� �9
. � _ _ ...Y A . � e�. � e_ . �_ � _
� , �- �- � - �
Allium tricoccum •vaz 'burdickii Aiton Hanes. �Burdick's leek � � 3� 3� 9
Uvudaria sessihfolia �.� �� __., _ � � � � � a� � � � .. m� ._ .�— , _... a m
... a
L �Pale bellwort
�
� _ _ _� _ 2 ��_ ._ . �P . �.. _ �._�_. � _ _ a__ _. _ �_� �. _,. _ .. .__ _ �. _e _. .� .�_ ; �
__3� 3 _ 9
� �(Muhl.ex � �� �� , ��
�Desmodium �glutinosum ; €Willd.)Wood aPointed-leavedtick-trefoil � � 3� 3a 9=
=Cam anula . ,amerecana „ � L•._— - a � iWood-llflower �_ _ _ . 3� 3� 9�
p � ' � i _ `
�Oxalis �cmac. i � sorrel � _ [ _ _ 3�� y 1 � 3
__ _ � �_ _ _ ..� _. � _ �m�. '� .
, �
�Monotropa un�ora � : `L. � `Indian pipe � ' 3F �1� � 3
"Grasses,Rushes�nd Sedges � ' � � � � ` � �
_ _ � �,�_ _ e __ � � � m. _ � _ ,
� � �Muhl.ex � � �� _
Carex �pedunculata ; � Willd. � sLong-stalked sedge i ; 371 63 222�
, _ — — � _ _ .
° � , k (Wahlenb.) e � � ; ? i
�Carex �radiata � �Small y �Stellate sedge � ; 34; 4� 136�
_ - -- _ �_. � ,._._ _ _ �I' _ � � _ __ � � � « �.... , _
�Carex pensylvanica G , � am. Pennsylvania sedge 29� 4� 116�
iCarex �blanda � Dewey � Charming sedge a 32, 3i 96�
, � _� � _ w. .__.
�Carex tsprengelii I, 1 ISpreng. �SprengePssedge ; 1L 4 44!
. � , _.. i . _ � , 3
�Carex �hirtifolia ,� � �Mack. � Hairy-leaved sedge � '; 13; 3; 39;
_
�Car� �albursina � � j �� �Sheld. �� � �Whitebear-sedge � � � 13�� 3� 39;
`;Elymus ihystrix j r =L. t ;Bottlebrushgrass � ; 11; 3j 33�
A joint project oFthe Minnesota DNR and Great River Greening
Sample size:38 releves
55 Published January 2004
�Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 "
� ; v_ _ ..
� __ _ �_ __ __ �.�, _ _ ._. � �_ x .. _
,
� j i �(Schreb.) e � - � � (
�Brachyelytrum =erectum ; � �Beauv. � �Bearded shodhusk � l 8= 33 24i
. _ � � _. � � ____��.._�__ � .�_ _ � - �_ _ __�. e. _ � _. f__ ; m_ ��. � m e.._
�Oryzopsis ;racemosa � ' �(Smith)Ricker �Black-fruited rice-grass � � 5;�� �
, 3 15�
_ , e_ _ 3 .� _ _ � ___ _ _ , � v� . , __ : a
, � : � �(Pers.)E. ; � w �_. ��e
Festuca �subverticillata � � Alexeev. � Nodding fescue j � Sg 3� 15r
� _ s . a _ . .. m.
e �m. � � a , _
� �Carex am�hdbola �vaz. �tur•gida �Steud. .Fern. �Ambiguous sedge � � k� 5 3, 155
Carex �intumescens �var. �einaldii � �Rudge jBailey �Bladdersedge � � , 5.� 3, 15�
� _ _ � _ � n . � _ � - ; a . w �� ., �
� . m �ev� s
Carex �peckii t � �Howe _ � ,Peck's sedge _ 3�_ 5� 15,
. , 4 _ a
�Carex �deweyana �Schwein. � Dewey's sedge �( 5� 2� 10�
, s � _ _ _ � __ __ P .,_�
_ . .
;Oryzopsis �asperifolda a � �Mictix. � 1Mountam rice-grass I, 3�� 3 9'
�Carex , � acdescens � � � Ste� � ��� � � � � � � �;
�gr ' � , udel. � � �Necklace-sedge � � � � 3� 3; 9'
_ � , _ _ _ r�� �.� ... _ � � ;�, _
__. oe �
jCarex ac:llima s � Schwein. � �Graceful sedge ! j 3F 3� 9�
�8�' �. � �.
ptonervaa t� � � Fern. � � Fme-nerved sed � � �� �� � � � �� �� � ��
�.� . ��. _ __ .
€Carex �le
� n� ge � _ � _ 3�� 3� 9r
� � � itchcockiana � � � �Dewey _ � FH�tohcock's sedge i � 3€ 3; 9, �
�Edmz��� �_, �._. _ � _ _
h
__ _ ___ ._ _ ,
y �llosus � _ �MuhL �Downy wild rye 3 ' �� 3� ��1� 3�
Ferns and Fern Allies ; 3 � ( � � f !
_ .. �. ... , .,. T .. . �-. �-. . -. _ _. ._ .
�Botrychium �vdrginianum � ' �(L.)Sw. [Rattlesnakefern � ' S3, 2, 106=
�Athyrium = ilix femina ivaz. �angustum '(L.)Roth �� � �Lady-fern � � � � ��� � � �� � ��� 45=� 3� 135�
� _ _ _ . _ _. _.,�. . - _ ,r . ;.._
�Adiantum �� �p�datum � ! �L. � €Maidenhau fern � �, 26� , 3� , r78�
�Matteuccia � uthiopteris ;var. Ipensylvanica �(L.)Todaro �(Willd.)Morton �Ostrich-fern � � � 3j 3, 9�
. .� -- � . �. . . � _ . .
�Botrychizrm 2multifidum � � _ �Rupr. Gmel.) j - #Leathery grapefern � � � 3� 3� 9#
r � ' �
� f � ( ) ernh. � ;Sulblet bladder-fern � �_ 3�
�Cysdopteris bulbi era � ; � L. B 3, 9�
,Cystopteris " agilis � �� � �(L.)Bernh � jFragile bladder-fem 3'#� 1; 3�
_ �� . � �.. _� _� , _ _.. � __.� , e . z . —
. � ' �
� i
�Csdopterls tenuis ' � �(Miclix.)Desv., �Macey's brittle fern � 3� 1� 3
Egatic Itivasive Species Do Not Plant � � � tl � w, � � � 3 ' �
RI1QIilttUS �C[7t�lQ!"tlCR � ��� � L 4 �Cornmonbuckthorn � � �� 24� �.�.3 �-
� � ,� �. „�. � �� .u.�
,w� �� ��. �� �..� ., ..�
Tararacum ' sSPP= , '': , � : � I � _. _ 'ir_ �Commondandelinn ' ; 16,' 2, _3.
Lonicera �tatartca ,' � �L � 4��'attartan honeysuckle w� 3; 3�
n..�.
Poa � rnlensis i ,L."��� �� � � � � FKentucky blaegrass 3i : 3� ��
rctiu►tr ' �m:»us � F � P F� „A� (I-iill)Bernh. ' - - �Cammon burdock ' 3� ' la
m .,e , wy..a_w� � ��_..�. �.;.. _ .r z. _ . _ s,. . ,�, . �m. A a . .;,., � ��. m,.b . .� a�... �,
� 3
_ � ....., _,,... .,w .� .u�.�.� ..,.��� , .0 . ��..w _�� x �.� ..;,z
eonurus ;cardiaca �L. Lioh's ear . 34 1x 3
A joint project of the Minnesota DNR and Great River Greening
Sample size:38 releves
56 Published January 2004
�Native Plant Community Species Lists for East-central Minnesota
Class: Southern Mesic Maple-Basswood Forest MHs39 '
�See the report Species Lists for Ten•estrial and Palustrine Native Plan�Communities in East-central Minnesota for instructions for
using these species lists
ZRarity Status: State-listed rare species. E-Endangered,T-Tlveatened,SC-Special Concern
3Frequency: Number of releve plots in which species occurs divided by total number of releve plots,multiplied by]00
4Abundance: Average percent cover of species within the community. It is most appropriate to interpret each value as a cover class
similar to those used for original data collection(see text of report for more details)
Slndex of Commonness: Frequency multiplied by Abundance
A joint project of the Minnesota DNR and Great River Greening
Sample size:38 releves
57 Published January 2004