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BUILDING PLANNING escape and rescue openings shall open directly into a public SECTION R311 way,or to a yard or court that opens to a public way. MEANS OF EGRESS Exception: Basements used only to house mechanical R311.1 General.Stairways,ramps,exterior egress balconies, equipment and not exceeding total floor area of 200 square hallways and doors shall comply with this section. feet(18.58 m2). R311.2 Construction. R310.1.1 Minimum opening area.All emergency escape R311.2.1 Attachment.Required exterior egress balconies, and rescue openings shall have a minimum net clear open- exterior exit stairways and similar means of egress ing of 5.7 square feet(0.530 m2). components shall be positively anchored to the primary Exception:Grade floor openings shall have a minimum structure to resist both vertical and lateral forces. Such net clear opening of 5 square feet(0.465 m2). attachment shall not be accomplished by use of toenails or nails subject to withdrawal. R310.1.2 Minimum opening height. The minimum net clear opening height shall be 24 inches(610 mm). R311.2.2 Under stair protection.Enclosed accessible space under stairs shall have walls,under stair surface and any sof- R310.1.3 Minimum opening width. The minimum net fits protected on the enclosed side with'/2-inch(13 mm)gyp- clear opening width shall be 20 inches(508 mm). sum board. R310.1.4 Operational constraints.Emergency escape and R311.3 Hallways.The minimum width of a hallway shall be I rescue openings shall be operational from the inside of the not less than 3 feet(914 mm). room without the use of keys,tools or special knowledge. R311.4 Doors. R310.2 Window wells.The minimum horizontal area of the window well shall be 9 square feet(0.9 m2),with a minimum R311.4.1 Exit door required.Not less than one exit door horizontal projection and width of 36 inches (914 mm). The conforming to this section shall be provided for each dwell area of the window well shall allow the emergency escape and ing unit. The required exit door shall provide for direct, rescue opening to be fully opened. access from the habitable portions of the dwelling to the' exterior without requiring travel through a garage.Access t . Exception:The ladder or steps required by Section R310.2.1 habitable levels not having an exit in accordance with this shall be permitted to encroach a maximum of 6 inches(152 section shall be by a ramp in accordance with Section mm)into the required dimensions of the window well. R311.6 or a stairway in accordance with Section R311.5. R310.2.1 Ladder and steps.Window wells with a vertical R311.4.2 Door type and size.The required exit door shall depth greater than 44 inches(1118 mm)shall be equipped be a side-hinged door not less than 3 feet(914 mm)in width with a permanently affixed ladder or steps usable with the and 6 feet 8 inches(2032 mm)in height.Other doors shall window in the fully open position.Ladders or steps required not be required to comply with these minimum dimensions. by this section shall not be required to comply with Sections R311.4.3 Landings at doors.There shall be a floor or land- R311.5 and R311.6. Ladders or rungs shall have an inside ing on each side of each exterior door.The floor or landing width of at least 12 inches(305 mm),shall project at least 3 at the exterior door shall not be more than 1.5 inches (38 inches(76 mm)from the wall and shall be spaced not moremmlower than the top of the threshold.The landing shall than 18 inches (457 mm) on center vertically for the full be permitted to have a slope not to exceed 0.25 unit vertical height of the window well. in 12 units horizontal(2-percent). R310.3 Bulkhead enclosures.Bulkhead enclosures shall pro- Exceptions: vide direct access to the basement.The bulkhead enclosure with the door panels in the fully open position shall provide the mini- 1. Where a stairway of two or fewer risers is located mum net clear opening required by Section R310.1.1.Bulkhead on the exterior side of a door, other than the enclosures shall also comply with Section R311.5.8.2. required exit door,a landing is not required for the exterior side of the door provided the door, other R310.4 Bars,grilles,covers and screens.Bars,grilles, cov- than an exterior storm or screen door does not ers, screens or similar devices are permitted to be placed over swing over the stairway. emergency escape and rescue openings,bulkhead enclosures, or window wells that serve such openings,provided the mini- 2. The exterior landing at an exterior doorway shall mum net clear opening size complies with Sections R310.1.1 not be more than 73/4 inches (196 mm)below the to R310.1.3,and such devices shall be releasable or removable top of the threshold,provided the door,other than from the inside without the use of a key, tool, special knowl-I an exterior storm or screen door does not swing edge or force greater than that which is required for normal over the landing. operation of the escape and rescue opening. 3. The height of floors at exterior doors other than the R310.5 Emergency escape windows under decks andI exit door required by Section 8311.4.1 shall not be porches. Emergency escape windows are allowed to be more than 73/4 inches(186 mm)lower than the top installed under decks and porches provided the location of the of the threshold. deck allows the emergency escape window to be fully opened The width of each landing shall not be less than the door and provides a path not less than 36 inches(914 mm)in height served. Every landing shall have a minimum dimension of to a yard or court. 36 inches(914 mm)measured in the direction of travel. 2006 INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL CODE® 53