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<br /> De�cr�pt�ve Term�nology.
<br /> ��I M Designation D 2487—83
<br /> Standard Test Method for
<br /> CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES '
<br /> PARTICLE SIZE IDENTIFICATION
<br /> � - SOIL ClAS51FICATION ' � � �
<br /> '� CR;TER[p Fpq ASiiGN!NG uROUP;�MBOLS a710 � QtOUV �
<br /> r,aouP na�s os,Ne aaanroar •E;rs a srHeo� �aouv nnne o Boulders Over 12"
<br /> ...........................
<br /> Cobbles ............................ 3"to 12" '
<br /> „ ��� GRAVELS �' CLEAN f�1AVE�S r� �:a ane :_C� < 3 e GY Meli-graEeG gravei i .
<br /> �, Mpre tna� SOS of Less than Sx•,�e5� Gravel
<br /> o� I coarse traction� . C� � A ana�or l >[� �3 e GV Poorly graEeC gravel f � Coarse ........................... '%"—3��
<br /> � ' retainea on
<br /> '� tb. a sieve i CRAVELS HI7M F:nES ��Fines c�ass�� as ML or MM GM Silt ravel f�9•n Fine.............................. No.4—'��'
<br /> �. _ ��. More tnan 12T finez��,Fines class+fy as CL or CH GC C1ayeY grne� f•9•� Sand
<br /> ' '' SNNOS �� CLEAX SwNOS �C�_6 ana 1 �C� < 3 e SY Yell-graEeE zand ' �
<br /> '� 50%or more of � Less tnan 5S fines a�-� - Coarse ........................... No.4—No. 10 ,
<br /> roarx fraction �'�,C� -:6 ana/or 1 >C� �3 e SG Foorly graEeO sanE + � Medium .......................... No. 10—No.40�
<br /> � Da55ez No. d - �
<br /> ` s;e�e saMos w�rH Fincs 'r;�e:�i.ss+f a:ni o�nr� sn s;ic :a�a s•^•+ Fine.............................. No.40—No.200
<br /> o�
<br /> � y E ' Mpre tnan.125 fines 4�,Fines classify as CL or CH SC Clayey senC 9��.�
<br /> Silt.................................. No.200—.005 mm
<br /> , CI �� % and p�ots on or aDove Cl �ean��ar k.�.m - Clay ............................... less than.005 mm
<br /> � .'4•' line i � ,
<br /> ' SILTS qN0 CLFYS inorgdnic '.
<br /> �� �', LiQuid limit � � PI �. 6 or plots eelow"A" line 1 ML Silt k,l;m �
<br /> , _ �e�s �^a^ 5� ' RELATIVE DENSITY OF
<br /> �� ,a limft -ove�ariea �9a��< <�aY r. �.m ^ COHESIONLESS SOILS
<br /> o�,��� �� a.�5 0�
<br /> '� '. 9 '+auiE ��m�t -no[dr�e0 Organic zilt k. 1,m,o ��.
<br /> ��. � DI plo[5 on or aDove.'A.• line CN Fat tlay k.l,m '. � very loose ....................................0— 4 BP
<br /> I si�rs ano c�ars ------ 10058......................................... 5—10 BP
<br /> ', �E V ' ;�o�9a�;� ' medium dense ............................... 11 —30 BP�
<br /> 4,1 m
<br /> . � ��Qu�a limtt PI D�otS Eeior"A' line MN EIaSt+t 511t � ,.
<br /> LL = so:��ma�e dense .......................................31 —50 BPF
<br /> �
<br /> I �, u �,e i;m,� -o�e�a�,ea Or9anic ��a,k. �,m.o very dense ....................................... 50+BPF
<br /> ; � organic �. � •� 0.75 ON k, 1,m, '
<br /> � � uid imit -not Ened Or an+c s11t 7 �
<br /> '�i .Primarily organic matter,darx �n color, ana �1 �eat �
<br /> Mignly o�ganu so��s . o.,a�,� �o� � CONSISTENCY OF COHESIVE SOILS
<br /> a. easea on tne mate'�al oassing tne 3-in (�5-mml s+eve. V@fY SOR ......................................O— 1 BPF
<br /> o. tf rie�a samo�e conta+nea coeotes ana/or oou�de�s, aaa '.+tn c000�es ana/o�WulEers" to grouD���. soft . . ...................................... 2— 3 BP
<br /> c. Gravels with 5 to 12S lines require aual symnols
<br /> a+-r+� .eii q�aeee gravel .;cn s;ic rather soft .................................... 4— 5 BP
<br /> 61-GC .ell 9ra0eO gravel w�tn clay .
<br /> cv-cn 000�iy yraaea 9ra.e� .+cn s,it medium ..... ..............................6— 8 BP
<br /> GP-GC poo�ir graEeC yravel .�cn�iaY rather stiff......................................9—12 BPF
<br /> . a. Sanas�itn 5 to 122 fines re7uire aual symUols
<br /> sw-sn �+eii y.�aee saoa.;cn :;ic stiff :........................................ 13—16 BP
<br /> 511-5[ well graAea sanA ritn clay - �
<br /> sr-sM poorly graCeO sanE.;en s;it v2ry Stiff ..................................... 17—30 BP
<br /> sP-sc poo�1 aEee sana.;cn cla
<br /> re� fo3o�z Y hard .............................................30+
<br /> e. Cu-�60��10 �c � 1� .
<br /> f. „ �;, �o��a;�5 > �5:sa�, aaa •.;��sa�a•to,�o�o��. DRILLING NOTES
<br /> g. If fines classify as CL�IIY use Aual syMo1 GC-f�7. SC-SM.
<br /> n. lf fines ere organic,aEd witn organi< fines'to grouD��.
<br /> � (f sail contains > 15%grarel, aOE'��th grarel^to grou0��e.
<br /> j. lf AtterCerg �rm;is ,�oc ��na«n�a area, so�l ;:a c�-�+�,s;��r��ar. Standard penetration test borings wereadvanced by.3Y<"or 6v
<br /> k. If soil containi 15 to 29f Dius No. 200,adE"ritn sanC'or"with gravel" ynicnever is DreEaninant. �
<br /> ,. �r so;� �o�cs;�s >30S plus �a. zoo. ,��aa;�a�n,:a�a, aAd'sanEy'fo grouD�+�e. I.D.hollow-stem augers unless noted otherwise.Jetting water was
<br /> . �f �a;� �o�ca;�:>3os v��s x�. °oo, ,��a�;�•���r 9�a•��,aCd'9rare1ly'ta grouD��e. used to clean out auger prior to sampling onlywhere indicated on
<br /> n. vi >a ana olots on or �Dore'n" line.
<br /> o. c,z a a� ,,ocs n�,o.•�• �;�e. logs. Standard penetration test borings are designated by th�
<br /> D• P� D�ots on or aCore'11' ltrre. .
<br /> v. P� p1ot5 Oelov•a• u��. prefix"ST"(Split Tube).
<br /> bo � Power auger borings were advanced by 4" or 6" diameter,
<br /> Fo� uoss�+�cor�o� o+ °�ne-qro��ea so��s continuous-flite,solid stem augers.Soil classification and strain
<br /> � and ne-qrained tratt ion of toarse-grained �� depths are inferred from disturbed samplesaugered to the surfac'
<br /> H 50� so��s and are therefore somewhat approximate.Power auger boring
<br /> a cQuation of�A-��ne �a� � are designated by the prefix"B".
<br /> � HOriZOn?al Of PI-a*o�.�=25 5, ,�;, � r' �
<br /> W -hen cI=o�3 ��-zo; '�� �`' Hand probings were advanced manually with a 1vz" diameter
<br /> i 40� E000r�o� o+"u"- �oe � ��P � probe and are limited to the depth from which the probe can b
<br /> — verr�coi ar ��=�5 ro vi=� � G i manually withdrawn. Hand probings are indicated by the prefi'
<br /> > thenPI=09iLL-81 / ��'..���
<br /> ~ 30
<br /> " � � SAMPLING—All samples are taken with the standard 2"O.D.
<br /> i �
<br /> � �� �� ' split tube sampler, except where noted. TW indicates thin-w
<br /> � 20 i �' MH °Q �I-I (und.isturbed)sample.
<br /> a �� �(�� i BPF— Numbers indicate blows per foot recorded in standar
<br /> ,o � penetration test,also known as"N"value.The sampler is set 6"
<br /> ,-- ML �L into undisturbed soil below the hollow-stem auger. Drivin
<br /> a-- resistances are then counted for second and third 6"increment�
<br /> °o �o le zo 3o ao so eo �o eo 90 ,00 „o and added to get BPF. Where they differ significantly,they ar
<br /> �ioui0 �i M i T (��) reported in the following form—2/12 for the second and third 6"
<br /> increments respeCtively.
<br /> WH—WH indicates that sampler penetrated soil under weight�
<br /> hammer and rods alone,driving not required.
<br /> LABORATORY TESTS NOTE — All tests run in accordance with applicable ASTM
<br /> standards. ,
<br /> DD Dry Density,pcf OC Organic Content,%
<br /> WD Wet Density,pcf S Percent of Saturation,%
<br /> MC Natural Moisture Content,°io SG Specific Gravity �����M
<br /> LL Liquid Limit,% C Cohesion
<br /> PL Plastic Limit,% � Angle of Internal Friction
<br /> PI Plasticity Index,% qu Unconfined Compressive Strength
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