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Wisconsinan glaciation. Their slopes range from 2 to 40 percent and mostly are 80 to 300 feet in ]ength. These soils formed in calcareous loamy glacial till. Montmorillonite is the dominant clay mineral in the glacial till. Mean annual temperature is 45 to 50 degrees, and mean annual precipitation is 27 to 33 inches. GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Amcs, Dund�ls, Hamel, Luthcr, and Nessel soils which are members of a toposequence with the Hayden soils. Moderately well drained Nessel soils have plane or slightly convex slopes. Poorly drained Ames and Dundas soils have slightly concave to slightly convex slopes with gradient of less than 2 percent. Poorly drained Hamel soils are on toe slopes. Organic soils are common associates in some places. DRAINAGE AND PERMEABILITY: Well drained. Runoff is medium and rapid. Permeability is moderate. USE AND VEGETATION: Mostly cleared and cultivated to corn, �oybeans, small grain, and hay. Native vegetation was deciduous forest of maple, basswood, oak, and elm. DISTRIBUTION AND EXTENT: Southeastern Minnesota and in central Iowa. Extensive. MLRA OFFICE RESPONSIBLE: St. Paul, Minnesota SERIES ESTABLISHED: Hennepin County, Minnesota, 1929. ADDITIONAL DATA: Refer to Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Central File Code No. 967 for results of some laboratory analysis of the typical pedon. KLOSSNER SERIES The Klossner series consists of very deep, very poorly drained soils formed in well decomposed organic material 16 to 50 inches thick overlying loamy deposits on moraines,till plains,lake plains,flood plains, and hillside seep areas. They have moderately slow to moderately rapid permeability in the organic material, and moderate or moderately slow permeability in the loamy material. Slopes range from 0 to 8 percent.Mean annual precipitation is about 28 inches.Mean annual temperature is about 47 de�rees F. TAXONOMIC CLASS: Loamy, mixed, euic, mesic Terric Haplosaprists TYPICAL PEDON: Klossner muck - with a 1 percent slope in a cultivated field. (Colors are for moist soil unless otherwise stated.) Oap--0 to 10 inches; black (N 2/0) muck, very dark gray (IOYR 3/1) dry; about 20 percent fiber, less than 5 percent rubbed; weak fine suban�ular blocky structure; very friable; many very fine roots; moderately acid; abrupt smooth boundary. Oa--10 to 26 inches; black (lOYR 2/1) muck, dark gray (lOYR 4/1) dry; about 60 percent fiber, about 6 percent rubbed; weak fine subangular blocky structure; very friable; many very fine roots; moderately acid; gradual smooth boundary. (Combined thickness of O horizon is 16 to 50 inches.)