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� Descriptive Terminology
<br /> j q�I I f Designation O 2487—83
<br /> Standard Test Method for
<br /> CLASSIFICATION OF SOtLS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES
<br /> soi�anss�ricnnox PARTICLE SIZE IDENTIFICATION
<br /> � CaITENIR fOR ASSIGNING GaOUP 51MBOL5 nND fAOUP
<br /> GROUP NAMES USING UBORAiORY iE5T5 a SYMBOL GROUP NAME � Boulders over 12
<br /> ...........................
<br /> f Cobbles ............................ 3"to 12„
<br /> GIIAYELS CIEAN GRFVEIS C� >1 ana 1 <C� < 3 e GM Mel I-graded gravel Gravel
<br /> More than SOS of Less t�an 5X/Ines< - ---
<br /> �� coarse (rac[ion C� <C and/or 1 >C� >3 e GP Paorly graded qravel + Coarse ........................... '/a"—3��
<br /> retainea on — --- - .
<br /> _ ra, o:�e�e raaveis uirn vinez v��e��i,,,,r ::iu o�nn en s�ier s�a�ei �•9•n Fine.............................. No.4—'/,"
<br /> _ More than 12S fines� p��es clasz�(y as Cl or CM GC Clayey qrovel f�9.h
<br /> Sand
<br /> - � SANDS CIENN S�NDS C� :6 ana 1 c C� < 3 e SM Veil-graAed sanA �
<br /> so:o or �e:: �na�zz r��e�a --- - Coarse ........................... No.4—No. 10
<br /> coarse�iraction C�<6 and/or 1 >C� >3 e SP Poorly graded sand �
<br /> w�z
<br /> a' Medium .......................... No. 10—No.40
<br /> a Dasies Nu. A
<br /> . � ` sieve SANOS MITM fINES Flnes classi( as Ml or MH SM Silty Sand 9•h•� Fine.............................. No.40—No.200
<br /> � F Mre tnan 12i fines a -- - � —
<br /> v;�es c�as:iry as a o�cn sc ctayeY sa�a e.h.� Silt................................. NO.200—.005 mm
<br /> � PI q 7'ane pioc:o�o� ,�o�e n ie� <iay k.�.m Clay ............................... IeSS than.005 mm
<br /> � SILiS AND CLAYS ', inorganic �_"'_____ ___ '_"_'
<br /> Llpuid 11mi[ , PI <0 or plo[s�elo."N" line J ML S�It k,l,m
<br /> 'ess `"'"5°: RELATIVE DENSITY OF
<br /> t�+ �a�;m��-o�e�ariea — - Organic <,,,k. �.m COHESIONLESS SOILS
<br /> o�ganic ,�,— <0.75 OL
<br /> � L�Qu�d l�m�[- not dried Organic silt k, 1,m,o
<br /> �
<br /> �'
<br /> w a
<br /> � `` __'_—___1___'—_—'
<br /> - � � __'_.'—_'--__'_--
<br /> a �a vi pio�s o�o� an��e•�n� i��e cn Fac[lay k.�•m v2f IOOS2 0— 4 BPF
<br /> � "a $ILTS FNU L10.Y5 � Y ....................................
<br /> � -- -- —---------- ---- toose................................:........ 5—10 BPF
<br /> =E inarganic medium dense ............................... 11 —30 BPF
<br /> � liQuld 7imil PI plo[5 Uelow"A" line MM EIaS[ft Sill k,l,m
<br /> 4 � so:o,���.e dense .........
<br /> ,. ..............................31 —50 8 PF
<br /> �, u a rm;c -o�r�a��ea ----- -- orya��� clay k. I.m. D very dense ....................................... 50+BPF
<br /> ��yaocc ���T�m�C-=oi e ee�o.�s on rn- a � sui k. �.m�a
<br /> v�� ariiy o�ga�����a<<e�, a,�k �� �oio�, a�a ar vea��
<br /> Highly organlc so��s o�9a��� �o� ' CONSISTENCY OF COHESIVE SOILS
<br /> a. BaseC on tne material passing t�e 3-in (75-nm) ��e�e. very soft ...................................... 0— 1 BPF
<br /> 0. If lield sample containea cob�les an�/or Wulders, a�a "wit�coGCles anG/or Loulae�s" to grouP��e. SOfI . 2— 3 B PF
<br /> c. G r av e I s�i t n 5 t o 12%�i n e s r e q u i r e a u a t s rno a I s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
<br /> o+-cn ,.en q�aaee qravel �;�n :nc rather soft .................................... 4— 5 BPF
<br /> Gu-GC well 9raded grauel with clay
<br /> er-cn poorly graded gravel w�en snc medium ...................................... 6— 8 BPF
<br /> GP-G[ poorly raaee grafel wi[n<lay
<br /> o. sa�a:�;cn s co�izx r;�e, eq�;�e a�ai s�oois rdther Stiff..................................... 9—12 BPF
<br /> su-sn we n 9�aaea sa�a.icn s�ic Stiff 1 3— 1 6 B PF
<br /> su-5[ .enqraaeasanaw��n�iay """""""""""""""'••••••••••
<br /> sv-sn Doorly qraaed:soa.;cn sn� very stiff ..................................... 17—30 BPF
<br /> sP-sc poorly graded sau ji�n��dr ............... 30 BPF
<br /> 30 hard ............................. +
<br /> e. Cu ��60��10 �c ��
<br /> l0 60
<br /> (. I( soil contains > 15Y sana, adA '�ith sana" to group name.
<br /> 9. �f f��e,��a�s�fy as«-��, �se a�a, s„�o� �-�,, s�-�„. DRILLING NOTES
<br /> �. 1( (ines are organic, aGd'with organic (ines" to group n
<br /> i. If soil contains > 15i gravel, aGa "witn gravel" lo groupdn
<br /> ;. i, AtterEerg ��m;rs o�oc ;� na«nea a�ea, �o�i �s a a-n�, s;i�y��ay. Standard penetration test borings were advanced by 3'/,"or 6'/,"
<br /> k. u so n �o�caco: ts io z9s pt�s no. zoo, ,ae ^.�en sa�a•o�^.;cn gravel" wTicnever �: v�ea�+�a�c.
<br /> �. ir s�n �o�ca��: > 3os o����. zoo, p��a���,�uY s,�a, aaa sa�aY co 9�o�P��e I.D.hollow-stem augers unless noted otherwise.Jetting water was
<br /> . If soll contains> 30f plus No. ''00, predaninantly grevel,a04 "gravelly" to group name.
<br /> o� >a ,�e o,���a�o� �,o.e•n� ���e. used to clean out auger prior to sampling only where indicated on
<br /> v°: vi z a o�o,ocs oe,o.•n• r�r. lo s. Standard enetration test borin s are desi nated b the
<br /> . o� P�a�:o�o. aoo�e •a" �ine. J P 9 9 Y
<br /> a. vi p�„i:or�o.•p�• �,�e. prefix"ST"(Split Tube).
<br /> B� , Power auger borings were advanced by 4" or 6" diameter,
<br /> For ciozs�f�cor�o� of f�oe-q�a��ea so��s continuous-flite,solid stem augers.Soil classification and strain
<br /> and fine-qrained fractionof coarse-gromed �� depihsareinferredfromdisturbedsamplesaugeredtothesurface
<br /> soils
<br /> H so and are therefore somewhat approximate. Power auger borings
<br /> a taual�onof�A-i�ne `��
<br /> y� Honzontal ot PI=a *o��=25 5. .�,�� � N� are designated by the prefix"B".
<br /> o � rnen PI=O�3;�� 2oi `�i �`� Hand probings were advanced manualiy with a 1'%a" diameter
<br /> z Ea�ar�o� Of�U�-iinC ,P probe and are limited to the depth from which the probe can be
<br /> — verr�coi ar ��=i6 roPI=� �� G�J manually withdrawn. Hand probings are indicated by the prefix
<br /> > thenPI=09lL� 81 , „H„
<br /> ~ 30
<br /> `—' i� SAMPLING — All samples are taken with the standard 2" O.D.
<br /> N i� �� split tube sampler, except where noted. TW indicates thin-wall
<br /> a zo � � MH ��w �H (undisturbed)sample.
<br /> a �
<br /> i C�� BPF — Numbers indicate blows per foot recorded in standard
<br /> io penetration test,also known as"N"value.The sampler is set 6"
<br /> ' C ,M ML �L into undisturbed soil below ihe hollow-stem auger. Driving
<br /> ° - resistances are then counted for second and third 6"incremenis
<br /> � and added to et BPF. Where the differ si niiicantl the are
<br /> � �0 10 i6 20 30 40 50 60 70 BO 90 i00 I10 g Y g Y� Y
<br /> L IQUID L I M I T (LL) reported in the following form—2/12 for the second and third 6"
<br /> increments respectivety.
<br /> WH—WH indicates that sampler penetrated soil under weight of
<br /> hammer and rods alone,driving not required.
<br /> LABORATORY TESTS NOTE — All tests run in accordance with applicable ASTM
<br /> standards.
<br /> DD Dry Densiry, pci OC Organic Content,% B R A!! N sM
<br /> WD Wet Density, pcf S Percent oi Sat�nation,%
<br /> MC Natural Moisture Contenl,% SG Specific Gravity
<br /> LL Liquid Limit,% C Cohesion
<br /> PL Plastic Limit,% � Angle of Internal Friction I N T E RT E C
<br /> PI Plasticity Index,% qu Unconfined Compressive Slrength
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