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CONTRUL UF EXISTI�TG BUCKTHORN <br /> Some scattered bucktkorn plaats are present throughaut the property {Fachibit E�. Seed carried by <br /> birds, has helped introduce this species throughout the region Buckthorn generally does weI� in <br /> moderatelv shady forested areas. Buckthorn cau vsually be found throughout the Twin Cities in <br /> fragmented woods or city Iats and invades first from forest edges anci slowly moves inwards. <br /> Buckthorn has been successfiil at establishing itself in these metropo�itan area �voods due to its <br /> long grow-in� season, rapid groR-th rate, and copious fruit production, This establishment of <br /> buckthorn has multiple ecological detriments sucb as out coinpeting native plams, disrupting the <br /> forest stivct�ae, and redncing plant species diversity. These detriments have lead to major efforts <br /> to prevent the spread of buckthom and restore the forests to an ecologically productive and <br /> functional state. Proper management and yearly follow-ups will be necessary for this site due to <br /> the seed bank left behind by buckthorn which can regenerate for up to 6 years after remov�l has <br /> taken place. <br /> To eradicate the existing buckthom, cut the plants and treat tlie stumps with herbicide such as <br /> Roundup (ar its counterpart in wet areas, Rodeo). Application should be full-strengih. When <br /> cutting die larger buckthora, place flags near ti�e stump so fl�t stumps are not missed when the <br /> chemicsl treatmeat is applied. Herbicide treatme�t needs ta occur within two hours of cutting to <br /> be effective. <br /> If cutting is to tske place in the winter, flag buckthorn so tl�at similarly appearing native pianu <br /> such as b18�ck cherry are not mistalcen as buckthorn. One applicatian of glyphosate {Roundup or <br /> Rodeo)an the outer growth rings of a freslily cut shn��p in August or Septembez�has proveu to be <br /> effiective, t}we�gh other treabnents are known ta work as well (Converse 2003). Applications <br /> during the auturnn or winter are also proven to be successful. Do nat apply glyphosate or other <br /> chemicals during the spring becanse this is considered the spring-flush growth period in whicb <br /> sap is running and the plant is using stored energy. Therefore, the chemicals that are applied in <br /> the spring will not make their way down to the buckthorn's roots. Glyphosste is a nonselective <br /> herbicide t�at w7ll kill non-target plauts if it comes into contact with them. Managers shoutd <br /> exercise cautian during application, aud not spray so heavily that herbicide drips off the target <br /> species. For aress that are adjacent ta wetlands on site, chemical ireatments must be labeled for <br /> aquatic use such as Rodeo. <br /> Basal bark application of Garlon 4� (University af Minnesota Extension Service 1949) is <br /> another op#ian for a chemical apptit�tion. To prevent dense re-infestations we ad��se careful <br /> monitoring of the site every I-2 years. ligon the discovery of newly established plants it is <br /> recommended that the newly emerged plants be pulled out of the ground, in.cluding the mou, <br /> immediately. There are specialized weed pullers to facilitate pulling larger pixnts. Pulling is the <br /> preferred option when t�ere are localized infestations of small plants; thorough monitoring <br /> should ensure early detection of newly emerged seedliags. <br /> Svoboda EcologicaI Resources 7 200�3SU Stubbs B8y Rd <br /> Project A'umber:2014-037 Orono,MN <br />