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APPENDIX A 224 9 A-2-2.2 Install garden hose outlets on the exterior of buildings to permit hose stream protection for all sides of the building and the roof. It is desirable to have some outlets at least 50 ft (15.3 m) from the building for fire fighting use. Where practical, hose should be racked near and kept permanently connected to at least one outside outlet. Drain the hose during freezing weather A-2-2.4 Because power supplies for electrically operated pumps might not be cor.pletely reliable, con- sider an alternative method of pumping water, such as a portable pump. All pumps should provide sufficient pressure and volume to deliver an effective stream of water to the highest part of the roof. Do not attach power lines that supply energv to pumps to the house or other structures. Where engine -driven pumps are used as standby units only, start the engine at least weekly to assure reliable response in an emergency. Pumps should be drained after use to prevent damage. Where piped water supplies are not available keep several full back- pack pump cans o: similar units in convenient locations. A-24 On Federal, State and Provincial forest ptop- erties, instructions for sounding alarms should be posted prominently. It is particularly important that every occu- pant of a home or camp in a forested area be thoroughly familiar with actions to be taken in a fire emergency. the name and location of the nearest fire warden, and means of notification. Camp occupants should be able to give accurate directions to forestry or fire department person. nel on how to locate the camp property. Directions should be posted next to the telephone so visitors can read them before or at the time of a fire emergency. A-24.1 Ina community of dwellings, cottages, or camp sites, a signal to alert other property owners immediately on discovery of a fire is essential. A distinctive signal (siren, air horn, or bell) ,hould be centrally available for this purpose. This does not replace the need to notify the nearest organized fire department or forest agency im- mediately by telephone or other alarm methods. A-2-4.2 A variety of fire detectors are available for homes, cottages, resort buildings and other structures. These can sound an alarm inside and outside a building and may he connected to a telephone or other circuit for notifying the nearest forest agency or fire department. Fire detectors should be tested and listed by a testing laboratory. (See NFPA 74, Household Fire Warning Equipment.) A-3-1 National and regional building codes will be helpful to persons who want to build new structures in forested areas. In addition, a number of NFPA codes and standards concerning fire protection are available for use in constructing such properties including the following: NFPA 30, Flammable and Comk,rstible Liquids Code NFPA 31, Installation of Oil Burning Equipment NFPA 54, National Fuel Gas Code NFPA 58, Liquefied Petroleum Gases, Storage and Handling NFPA 70 National Electrical Code N'FPA 101, Life Safety Code A-3-1.1 If the building rests on supports with an open space beneath, screen all such open spaces or areas under floors to prevent the accumulation of leaves, litter and other materials subject to fire. Do not store combustibles in these spaces. Maintain at least 4 in. (10.2 cm) between wood and the ground to provide adequate ventilation and prevent rotting of the wood which could result in a fire hazardous condition. If the building has a basement or cellar, provide suffi- cient headroom for the safe installation of heating equip- ment. Noncombustible or fire-resistant materials are recommended for ceilings and walls near heating equip- ment to minimize the possibility of fire spread. Screen roof and gable vents to prevent sparks from entering the building. A-3-2.1 Install firestopPing in the studding of all com- bustible wall and concealed ceiling spaces to prevent the unhampered spread of fire in such areas. Firestopping consists of using wooden bl(xks, or noncombustible material supported on metal strips to block all openings or passages in walls and floors tightly to prevent the passage of smoke and hot gases. This may be done at moderate cost in new buildings. In old buildings it may be costly and impractical to provide complete firestop- ping. Blocking, however, should at least be installed at the walls between the first floor joists. Build a trap door or scuttle hole and provide a ladder for access to attic spaces. Provide a door or other means of access to the space beneath the building. A-3-3.2 Locking devices should not be used which would impede or prohibit escape from fire, such as chain type bolts, limited opening sliding type locks and burglar locks which Cann,)t be easily disengaged by quick - releasing catches. A-3-3.5 Every family should practice fire exit drills in homes or camps The procedures are simple and easy to learn but become very important in a fire emergency. (.See NFPA folder G-100, "Seconds Count Escape Plan- ner.") A-3-3.6 Windows may serve as a rrreans of escape, par- ticularly where ladders can be raised by fire fighters or others. Even where the location is not favorable for escape, the window opening may provide air for breathing in a smoke -filled building who ce occupants are waiting for rescue. A-34 Combustible materials used on the interior of the building may be treated with a fire -retardant coating yr impregnation to improve the fire resistance of such materials. To be adequate, such -,reatment must have a degree of permanency and be applied properly to pro duce the required resistance to fire. (See NFPA 103, Fire - Retardant Treatments of Building Materials.) A-34.1 Interior wood surfaces can be given added pro- tection against rapid flame spread by treatment with a fire -retardant coating. Some types of dry wall construc- tion are conducive to flash fires. Materials included in this category are untreated combustible fiberboard and certain types of plywood and paperboard that delaminate