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1 CL'.SSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM DESIGNATION D-2487 <br />1 <br />Major Divisions <br />N <br />^ <br />M � <br />V <br />4N Q <br />Qp <br />i ■ Z <br />,� <br />to Ox0 <br />L <br />C <br />N N <br />w <br />it= <br />Ogg <br />r N <br />4 Lu -V <br />,5;a <br />aa$ <br />e <br />u0 <br />$A <br />i- <br />Group Typical <br />Symbols Names Classification Criteria <br />Hell -graded gravels and <br />Cu - 000 ID 14 <br />Greater than 4 <br />c <br />ow <br />gravel -sand mixtures, <br />little or no fines <br />(D a <br />Ca ' Dla <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />N <br />3 <br />Poorly graded gravels and <br />rap <br />ravel -sand mixtures, <br />Not meeting both criter's for OW <br />r <br />little or no fines <br />o <br />e <br />511 g9 <br />siravels gravel- It mixturres <br />Atterbe limits plot <br />below " line or <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />�•• c <br />GN <br />man <br />plasticity index <br />ting in hatched area <br />less than 4 <br />are borderline <br />b•�• t <br />Clayey growls, gravel- <br />a „�limits P o <br />above A line and <br />irinclassifications re- <br />qug use of dual <br />r <br />OC <br />sand -clay mixtures <br />plasticity index <br />7 <br />symbols <br />�•a• <br />greater than <br />Cu - D80/D10 <br />Greater than 6 <br />g <br />N <br />Aell-yrated sands and <br />SW <br />gravelly sends, little <br />or no fines <br />(D)E <br />Ca - <br />Been 1 and 3 <br />QN$ e <br />N <br />Din X Dgp <br />6 <br />ZG^ <br />Poorly sands and <br />BP <br />graded <br />gravelly sands, little <br />Not nesting both criteria for BW <br />4 <br />or no fines <br />N <br />GZM <br />Silty sands, sand -silt <br />Atterbary limits plot <br />below "A line or <br />Atterborg limits plot- <br />T <br />eL <br />W OIL <br />BN <br />mixtures <br />plasticity index less <br />ting in hatched area <br />than 4 <br />-are borderline clas- <br />Clayey sands, sand -clay <br />erg plot <br />above A line and <br />sifications requiring <br />use of symbols <br />N 0 <br />BC <br />mixtures <br />greater titann4ax <br />Inorganic silts, rock <br />flour, silty or clayey <br />AM fine sand <br />Inorganic clays of ow 5- <br />media plasticity, yrav- <br />lZ ally clays, sandy c�ays, <br />silty clays, lean clays <br />Organic silts and organic <br />OL silty clays of low <br />plasticity <br />Inorganic silts, micaceous <br />0 or diatomaceous silts, <br />elastic silts <br />Inorganic clays of high <br />M plasticity, fat clays <br />Organic clays of median <br />OH to high plasticity <br />60 <br />s0 <br />1 40 <br />.r <br />30 <br />20 <br />a 14 <br />Plaetietiy chart <br />For *low of fine- <br />Qrat"d #Ot 1e and fine Jleotton <br />of ooa ne-gmatned coils. <br />AtterbaV unite pplotting in <br />hatched area are borderitne <br />el"eifteattane requiriv <br />we of drei 40""to.* <br />/{gwtim 0f A-1 <br />PI - 0. ?a Q_ 20Cz <br />, <br />0 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 <br />Ltqui,d Uxdt <br />nl organic soils Pt Peat, uwck dnd other <br />H1 <br />9 Y ►g highly organic soils Visual -manual identification <br />onAun' <br />ENGINEERING TESTING <br />11 <br />