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Transfer/Processing <br />Transfer/processing facilities play a key role in collection of the waste from <br />a service area and transporting it to other processing facilities. Transfer <br />stations and their service areas would supply centralized processing, combus- <br />tion and composting facilities. Transfer stations are likely to be distributed <br />throughout the region, located in both the central cities and rural freestand- <br />ing growth centers. Transfer stations in outlying areas would especially be <br />important to reduce the cost of hauling mixed wastes to the more centrally <br />located processing facilities. Transfer stations in these areas should be <br />closely, if not physically, linked with recycling drop-off centers, to increase <br />efficiencies of service. <br />Transfer facilities can also be linked with recyclable processing facilities or <br />in conjunction with mixed -waste processing. This means that a transfer facil- <br />ity could accept mixed wastes and process it into fuel for transport to a com- <br />bustion or composting facility. It could also receive and process recyclables <br />for distribution to their respective markets. These types of facilities will <br />probably service a larger area and operate for a longer period of time during <br />the day to capitalize on the investment in equipment. These facilities will <br />likely be located within the urban service area. <br />Development of abatement programs and activities will stimulate the need for <br />more efficient transfer am;,rocessing of mixed municipal wastes and recycl- <br />ables. Existing transfer facilities could be incorporated into the proposed <br />processing system. Some improvements to the existing transfer stations may be <br />necessary to meet the needs of the developing system. <br />Transfer facilities must be compatible with the development of the other pro- <br />cessing facilities. These facilities must be in operation by 1990. <br />Waste Combustion <br />The maximum recovery possible from waste combustion is between 54 and 71 per- <br />cent of the total waste stream, depending on the technology used. Table 4-8 <br />identifies the percentage of mixed waste that can be managed by combustion <br />facilities. Consideration should be given to implementing facilities that <br />will burn a refuse -derived fuel in existing facilities. Solid waste composting <br />facilities are an important adjunct to RDF facilities. These facilities may <br />offer additional recovery beyond the mass -burn technology by composting the <br />heavy organic fraction of the residuals. In addition, there are subs'.antial <br />cost savings ii existing boilers are modified to burn RDF rather than construc- <br />ting new boilers. Energy recovery facilities that burn RDF may process mixed <br />waste on -site or elect to only receive RDF from the regional transfer stations <br />facilities. <br />Flexibility is an important consideration in the development of energy recovery <br />facilities. Combustion facilities that can generate both steam and electricity <br />are preferred over those that will generate only steam or electricity. In addi- <br />tion, preferences should be given to those facilities that can absorb addi- <br />tional volumes of fuel by operating around the clock and whose market for elec- <br />tricity or steam is large and varied. These elements reduce the public risk. <br />51 <br />