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CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM DESIGNATION D-2487 <br />Group Typical <br />Major Divisions Symbols Nerves Classification Criteria <br />v O <br />0 <br />4 u <br />s <br />'" <br />u c <br />�' c <br />p� <br />+ <br />•si <br />L,su. <br />N G <br />Ev <br />0 <br />u 4n <br />' <br />LA <br />N <br />tN N <br />L- «1 <br />U Y � OJ <br />N 9 0 <br />r <br />Cro <br />N <br />Ln <br />J <br />N <br />N <br />' <br />N <br />A <br />N <br />�a+,On <br />,� <br />, <br />at <br />Hignly organic soils <br />Well -graded gravels and <br />Cu - De0 " D]0 <br />Greater than 4 <br />0 <br />^9 <br />GW <br />gravel -send mixtures, <br />little or no fines <br />0D+ �7! <br />Ca - p10e <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />N <br />Poorly graded gravels ane <br />0 <br />ravel -sand mixtures. <br />Not meeting both criteria for GW <br />little or no fines <br />N'_ <br />Silty gravels, gravel- <br />Atterber, limits plot <br />below «A� line or <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />us to <br />+ +" '9 <br />CM <br />san s It mixtures <br />plasticity index <br />ting in hatched area <br />c <br />c <br />less than 4 <br />are borderline <br />d$•`t <br />Clayey gravels, gravel- <br />arberg limits p o <br />above «A« line and <br />classifications re - <br />quiring use of dual <br />• + <br />GC <br />sand -clay mixtures <br />plasticity index <br />symbols <br />c <br />greater than 7 <br />Well -graded sands and <br />Cu - De0 I D10 <br />Greater than 6 <br />a <br />w <br />SW <br />gravelly sands, little <br />(D 2 <br />or no fines <br />Ca - DI- <br />Between 1 and 3 <br />B <br />g N <br />N <br />' j <br />Poorly graded sands and <br />SP <br />gravelly sands, little <br />Not eting both criteria for SW <br />me <br />A <br />N <br />or no fines <br />6A 2 <br />Silty sands, sand -silt <br />Atterbe limits plot <br />below «A� line or <br />Atterberg limits plot- <br />a` N <br />N d <br />Sw <br />mixtures <br />plasticity index less <br />tiny in hatched area <br />than 4 <br />-are borderline clas- <br />$� <br />SC <br />Clayey sands, sand -clay <br />tte er s plot <br />above A and <br />sifications requiring <br />use of symbols <br />c <br />'" r•8 <br />N <br />mixtures <br />yline <br />greeters thann¢x <br />Inorganic silts, rock <br />flour, silty or clayey <br />AM fine sand <br />norgen c clays of low to <br />60 <br />med' m plasticity, grav- <br />a elly clays, sandy clays, <br />silty clays, lean clays <br />50 <br />Organic silts and organic <br />OL silty clays of low <br />40 <br />plasticity <br />Inorganic silts, micaceous <br />30 <br />M or diatomaceous silts, <br />elastic silts <br />20 <br />Inorganic clays of high <br />p, <br />M plasticity. fat clays <br />Organic clays of medium <br />q9 to high plasticity <br />Ptastioity short <br />For otassifieation of fine- <br />-pained soils and fine fraotion <br />of coarse -grained voile. <br />Atterberg limits Plotting in <br />hatohed area are borderline <br />olassifioatione requiring <br />we of dual symbols. <br />lquation of A-li <br />PI - 0. 78 (LL-20 <br />, <br />AB <br />GBf <br />Al <br />4 <br />00 <br />10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 <br />Liquid limit <br />Peat, muck and other <br />Pt highly organic soils Visual -manual identification <br />BRAHR' <br />ENGINEERING TESTiNG <br />