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Stc. 1.2 Overview of Geotextiles <br />TABLE 1.1 SOME PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SYNTHETIC RBERS (STANDARD <br />LABORATORY CONDITIONS FOR FIBER TESTS: 70*F AND 6Sr. RELATIVE HUMIDITY) <br />Fiber <br />Breaking Tenacity <br />(g/denier) <br />Standard Wet <br />Specific <br />Gravity <br />Standard <br />Moisture <br />Regain (^)Effects of he.1t <br />Nylon <br />Nylon 66 (regular <br />tenacity filament) <br />3.0-6.0 2.6-S.4 1.14 4.0-4.5 Sticks at 445 F <br />(229*0; melts <br />at about 500°F <br />(260*0 <br />Nylon 66 (high-6.0-9.5 5.0-8.0 1.14 4.0-4.5 Same as above <br />tenacity (filament) <br />Nylon 66 (staple)3.5-T.2 3.2-6.5 1.14 4.0-4.5 Same as above <br />Nylon 6 (filament)6.0-9.5 5.0-8.0 1.14 4.5 Melts at 414T <br />(212*0 to <br />428*F (220*0 <br />Nylon 6 (staple)2.5 2.0 1.14 4 'Melts at 4I4*F <br />(212*0 to <br />428*F (220*0 <br />Olefin (polypropylene) <br />(filament and staple) <br />4.8-7.0 4.8-7.0 0.91 3.0 Melts at 325T <br />(163*0 to <br />335*F (168*0 <br />Polyester <br />Regular-tenacity’ <br />filament <br />4.0-5.0 4.0-5.0 1.:: or 1.38 0.4 or 0.8 Melts at 480*F <br />(249*0 to <br />550*F (288*0 <br />High-tenacity filament 6.3-9.5 6.2-9.4 l.:2or 1.58 0.4 or 0.8 .Vlelts at 480*F <br />(249*0 to <br />550*F (288*0 <br />Regular-tenacity staple 2.5-5.0 2.5-5.0 1.22 or 1.38 0.4 or 0.8 .Melts at 480T <br />(249*0 to <br />550*F (288*0 <br />High-tenacity staple 5.0-6.5 5.0-6.4 1.22 or 1.38 0.4 or 0.8 Melts at 480 “F <br />(249*0 to <br />550*F (288*0 <br />Polyethylene <br />(high-density)——0.96 2.0 — <br />Polyvinyl chloride ——1.4 to <br />Source: After Kocmcr and Welsh (8] and Shreve and Brink [12]. <br />(polypropylenes and polyethylenes), polyester, nylon, and glass. Here hardening is by <br />cooling, and simultaneously or subsequently they are stretched. Stretching reduces the <br />fiber diameter and causes the molecules in the fibers to arrange themselves in a more <br />orderly fashion. In so doing the fibers ’ strength increases, its elongation at failure <br />decreases, and its modulus increases. A wide range of stress versus strain patterns can <br />be achieved. These monofilament fibers can also be combined to make a multifilament <br />yam. Somewhat different are staple fibers, which are produced by continuous filaments