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2O24Hennepin County All -Jurisdiction Hazard Mitigation Plan <br />Volume 2—Hazard Inventory <br />Extreme cold <br />Continued rapi�d decrease in severity aind freqUency <br />Extr <br />Extreme rainfall <br />Unprecedented events miolre common <br />Heat waives <br />Surnmer hiigh temperatures, maxinnurn, dew point <br />and heat index values al� projected to increase <br />frequency and duration projections Unclear <br />ModeraWIV Low Heavy snowfall <br />Greater extremes, but events less frequent as winter <br />rain increases <br />M,oclorate1V Low, Tornadoes, hail, thunderstorm <br />Intensity and frequency unclear but continued <br />winds, <br />seas,onial expansion aind larger "outbreaks"' possible <br />8RAPH|C4L3'1N Confidence that various common Minnesota weather hazards will be impacted by <br />climate change beyond 2O26. <br />Winter temperatures Increasing rapiffly, with ioss of cold extremes continued increases, with narrowing ofwinter season <br />Rainfall Increasing aill seasons, with more extreme, and Incresses likelybut fitning and seasonality uncertain <br />Snowfall Increasing, with more extreme and darraging <br />events <br />Summer temperature No liong-term trend for highternperature records, <br />extremes and heat waves but hot season expandingand hurnid heat waves <br />Increasing <br />Drought molo�ng-termmtrend despite intense & rrajor <br />mpiomdeavmearly 2mzms <br />Tornadoes, hailf Trends unclear,,but seasons and geographit <br />thunderstorm winds ranges expandfng <br />4.3.1.9. Indications and Forecasting <br />seasonal decreases |ukeiy,buusome increases <br />possible for extreme events <br />Increased severity likely as swrnmer heat increases; <br />projections undear for frequency and duration <br />projections unclearfor frequency and intensity, but, <br />confinued seasonal expans1ion and more "outbreaks," <br />Climate change b known to beongoing and is continuously monitored by climatologists, atmospheric <br />scientists, chemists, biologist, physicists, oceanographers, geologists, and many others. This includes the <br />study of greenhouse gas concentrations, global temperatures, historical events, complex interactions <br />between varying earth systems, and building forecasting models to make sophisticated global, regional, <br />and local projections. <br />The state of the climate and the state of climate science are monitored and reported regularly by <br />thousands of scientists in an array of fields and summarized in assessment reports provided by the <br />Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and by the US Global Change Research Program. <br />62 <br />