|
for Discussion
<br />forposbs u«rT
<br />1-22-77 •
<br />fOlJ
<br />>ut
<br />4
<br />■X
<br />iVJ
<br />:i.
<br />^ r-
<br />4
<br />\A
<br />I
<br />3^
<br />il
<br />‘t
<br />:r •■ijtA ^et>.fLi■- ? ■
<br />; ’Tftgfcjac-ce
<br />•xo }i!juc t Nnirm ^v^•.sTl:nN Hi-L-ouTr.n, ?.5 st-iu»:s
<br />• « '.r
<br />1-1 ■i't • r«IC * ‘ ■ i i:
<br />• ^r •!•.. I .;!- ■. !•'-• -1 u '"■ t ( ^. f */!!• •f • >
<br />IM .. •
<br />Jit .... - ^ j
<br />\ f. r i! f. j’ ^y* ^y-’ ''i
<br />• i»; •> . ‘V n'.'.l ■ I'j.- *<f I 'y '*''^.
<br />;i:t!!t’‘j -C .' I ''I‘^.l• v...i.', \.<^l 10
<br />*'il tiu! k1i**uI V» illl .‘.lit S
<br />^ afiv.tV-at <tio limi'* vs, iiilvd i-S tli« y
<br />\v» ic aii'l :‘pt to fall by ibc action/>f boys
<br />diinbiiig ibcrcon, involved an um</sonablc
<br />lisk of harm to such boys (see ili/Giminc-
<br />.ctad case, where a possessor oMand was
<br />Jicld liable to a trespassing boy inibred while
<br />climbing on lumber so piled)/ that the
<br />minor plaintiff did not understand and
<br />appreciate the risk of harny incident to
<br />climbing on this particular pi/e of lumber;
<br />and that the utility to defei^lant of main
<br />taining such a condition as /ompared with
<br />the risk of harm to tresrfssing children
<br />vras slight, for the reason Ahat boys could
<br />have been kept off the premises simply by
<br />keeping the gate closed ojhy having work
<br />men chase them oif its mcmises.
<br />fi
<br />:•.. .. !’• •••It <:l ‘-'1.
<br />f),.\ 'b
<br />!. v; tors 't®
<br />Rights in shore line of .navigable lake
<br />and submerged binds along lake shore
<br />may be scpaiated and dissociated from
<br />littoral or riparian lands and transferred
<br />to and enjoyed by persons having no in
<br />terests in original riparian 'estate.
<br />2, Navigable waters C^l(l)
<br />Navigability and nonnavigability mark
<br />distinction between “public waters” and
<br />“private waters”.
<br />See Words and Pb rases. Permanent
<br />Edition, for nil other definitions of
<br />“Private Waters" and “Poblic Watem".
<br />[4,5] Z It is not/necessary, as the
<br />court below held, that bit child trespassed
<br />because of the attractiveness of the parti
<br />cular condition. It isfcnough that the pos
<br />sessor knows or shoiud know that children
<br />. are* likely to trespas/ on his land and that
<br />they will be exposoB^ if they do trespass,
<br />to risk of harm by maintenance of the con
<br />dition. In Restatement, Torts, § 539, com
<br />ment on clause («, it is said: **(•) J* **
<br />not necessary *1 * * ***** **** child s
<br />trespasses shall ht due to the attractive
<br />ness of the condition. It is sufficient
<br />• • * that /he possessor knows or
<br />should know fiat children are likely to
<br />trespass upoiy a part of the land upon
<br />which he myntains a condition which is
<br />likely to be /angcrous to them because of
<br />their chiMim propensities to intermeddle
<br />or otherwi^ Therefore, the possessor is
<br />subject to/liability to children who after
<br />entering rfe land are attracted into danger
<br />ous int^eddling by such a condition
<br />mainum by him although they were ig
<br />norant Af its existence until after they had
<br />entcr^the land, if he knows or should
<br />know/that the place is one upon which
<br />chilmen are likely to trespass and that the
<br />conmtion is one with which they are likely
<br />loiCicdi^''
<br />3. Nwvigable waters G=>4, 36(1)
<br />The state, in its sovereign capacity as
<br />“trustee” for the people, holds all navigable
<br />waters and lands thereunder for public
<br />use.
<br />See Words and Phrases. Pcrmaacat
<br />Edition, (or all other definitions of .
<br />"Tnistee",
<br />4. Navigable waters C»4, 26
<br />“Public use”, for wrhich state holds alt
<br />navigable waters, comprehends not only-
<br />navigation thereof by watercraft for com
<br />mercial purposes, but also use thereof for
<br />ordinary purposes of life, such as boating,
<br />fowling, skating, bathing. Uking of water
<br />for domestic or agricultural purposes, and.
<br />cutting of ice.
<br />Sss Words and Pbratsn. Permnnent
<br />Edition, (or all other definitioiis of
<br />“Public Use".
<br />[6] It was error to grant judgment
<br />itwithstanding the verdicL
<br />Reversed with directions to reinstate
<br />the verdict in each case*
<br />5. Navigable waters C»39(2) ^
<br />A riparian owner's rights in navigable
<br />waters are qualified, restricted, and sub
<br />ordinate to the public's paramount rights.
<br />6. Navigable waters C=36(l, 4), 39(2), 49(1)
<br />A riparian owner cannot exercise do
<br />minion over or make valid grant of rights-
<br />in navigable waters adjacent to riparian
<br />lands or in submerged lands under su^ wa
<br />ters as against the state.
<br />7. Navigable waters C=M3(2), 46(1)
<br />A riparian owner may not only huild.
<br />and maintain, for use of himself and oth
<br />ers daiming under him, wharves, docks,.
<br />pk'.
<br />.»( ’ is l
<br />*• _ ’ '•.;i'i/ '•.' f '. ' j-'*-
<br />l./V t< ij
<br />r. i- inch
<br />:<) p.ullrul.'ir '-‘j ‘'S '
<br />in akM.in'0 of cvi:i ‘cisc
<br />rights.
<br />8. Navigable v/.-ders
<br />A riparian/owner
<br />to build and maintain
<br />and landing ppccs or
<br />land to point/of nav
<br />waters, tranters on‘
<br />stricted righ^ subord
<br />mount right!
<br />9. Navigabisiwaters C*
<br />The e«rclse of
<br />in navigab* waters
<br />thcreur.iar floes not d
<br />of any i.-'^ts, but i
<br />limits ext .vise of exi?
<br />10. NavIgJbis waters <
<br />The fiinrian rig*
<br />persons aaiming unc
<br />adjacent/waters of
<br />subject m regulation
<br />use of s^ waters.
<br />11. CeBJlIetlaaal law
<br />Thd sttte itself
<br />powers [to regulate :
<br />may delegate sudi i
<br />Iccted iy it to act in
<br />ity in performing its ;
<br />istltetlaaal law
<br />le sute
<br />IS to munkip.
<br />iastltatlaaal law
<br />le state may dc
<br />ible waters to a
<br />iastltatlaaal law
<br />^ jaalelpal aarMra-
<br />The statute, anth
<br />to / enact ordinances
<br />anfl dodc limits and
<br />istmction, and ns^
<br />larves, and boati
<br />Iters, lawfully dde;
<br />iwcr over such war
<br />iws 188S, c 145,1;
<br />5. Navlgabla waters *
<br />The regulation
<br />[waters involves exerc
<br />under which rules m;
<br />V.
<br />4
<br />■-Ti'
<br />%
<br />r
<br />: o -1-^ 9
<br />nil/ 2>
<br />tcis” .'•
<br />rmanent
<br />'.ions of
<br />.‘I’otcra",
<br />capacity
<br />.11 navigalf e
<br />cfor pub
<br />'ermenent
<br />Itieiia .of
<br />Lte holds I IT
<br />not on
<br />it for
<br />thereof
<br />as boatii
<br />ig of wal
<br />imaMBt
<br />ilUam al
<br />in navit
<br />and ^b-
<br />riglus.
<br />1*9(2), 46d)
<br />lerdseldo-
<br />^nt of righta
<br />to ripvian.
<br />ler SUM wa-
<br />baik»
<br />ana oth-
<br />s. Aocks»
|