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-•'iiiiajiifiiRN REPORTER. 2d SERIES•>i imnt or the puM:c would l»c heiiefitcd, to
<br />Is’ the complete damuce of the owner.
<br />Its
<br />.jj. In State v. Johnson (1V70), Me.. 265 A.2d
<br />p. Wetlands Act restricted the altera-
<br />titm and use of certain wetlands without
<br />permission. '1‘hc act was a conservation
<br />measure enacted under the police power to
<br />protect the tcoloo of areas liorderin^ the
<br />coastal waters. The plaintiff owned a
<br />small tract of a salt-water marsh which
<br />was flooded at hi(»h tide. Hy filling, the
<br />land woiilil he adapted for building pur-
<br />jKJscs. The court held the restrictions
<br />against filling constituted a deprivation of
<br />a reason,‘dtlc use of the owner's property
<br />and. thus, an nnrca'-onable e.xercise of the
<br />police power. In .MaeCublrtm v. Hoard of
<br />Appeals of Diixliury (ld70). .^56 .Mass. 6.53.
<br />25.S N.K.2d .547, the plaintiff owned seven
<br />acres of laiul which were under water alxiut
<br />twice a month in a shoreland area. He was
<br />denied a permit to excavate atii] fill part
<br />of his property. The purpose of the ordi-
<br />n.ance was to preserve from ilespoilage nat
<br />ural features aii.'l resources such as salt
<br />marshes, wetlands, and ponds. The court
<br />took the vi« w the preserv.ition of privately
<br />owned laiul in its natural, iinsp<iihd state
<br />for the etiioynient ami benefit of the public
<br />by preventing the owner from using it for
<br />any practical purpose was not within the
<br />liiiiit and scope of the jiolicc power and the
<br />ordinance was not saveil by the use of
<br />special permits.
<br />(18J It seems to us that filling a swamp
<br />not otherwise commercially usable is not
<br />in and of itself an existing use, which is
<br />prevented, l.iil rather is the preparation for
<br />some future use which is not indigenous to
<br />.4 swamp. Tim) much stress is laid on the
<br />right tif ail r»\vner to change commercially
<br />valueless land when that change docs dam
<br />age to the rights of the public. It is ob
<br />served that a use nf special permits is a
<br />means of control ami accomplishing the
<br />purpose the /otiing ordinance as ilis-
<br />tingiiishcd from the old concept of pro
<br />viding for variances. The sjiccial permit
<br />icchnifpic is now common practice and has
<br />met with judicial approval, and we think
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<br />I •» -a ................ " •■•"’'““■'“iTIi.ouc I*- ic.i'«>i:.icC.\ recent case su^t.iuimg tbc Nalidily of
<br />zoning ordinance ot.ibliMiing a tbu.d
<br />pbiin district IS Ininpikc Uc.diy tj.nipany
<br />V. Town of Dolbain (June. V*/-b
<br />1.50.5. 2!<»
<br />validity of the ordinance was siipporteil by
<br />valul considerations of public w cl tare, the
<br />conservation of -natural coudmoiis. wild
<br />life and open spaces." The ..rdmance pro
<br />vided that lands which were siibjcct tn sea^
<br />soiial or periodic flooding could not be used
<br />fur residences or other purpose^ in such a
<br />manner as to endanger the lu .dt i. >a J >
<br />or occupancy thereof and pinliibited tin
<br />rrcction of striictines or biiildn.gs which
<br />reMuired land to be filled. ‘
<br />analogous to the instant facts ir oi.
<br />n::natural couditioii ot tlu .n.i
<br />was allowed which would i.iinre ilu pm
<br />,.oscs sought to be preserved .old .ln-ni4
<br />the special-permit teclnmine. paitKiila
<br />land within the /on.ng disir.et coiibl be
<br />excepted from the restrictions.
<br />1191 The I lists argue their property h.i>
<br />been severely dcpree.aied n. value. I'.nt
<br />Ihis deprecation of value is m.l ba>.ed o.
<br />the use of the land in Us natiii.d -t.ite bn
<br />o„ what the land would Ik w-.th .1 n could
<br />he filled and used for the loc.itioii of a
<br />.Iwclling. While loss of value is to be con
<br />sidered in determining whether a restriction
<br />is a constructive taking, value "a'*' ‘M’'*”
<br />changing the ch.nacter of ihe land at t ie
<br />expense of harm to public rights i- not an
<br />essential factor or controlling.
<br />We arc not uninimltnl of the waiiniig in
<br />IVnnsvlvama foal Co. v. Malnm il'*2-M.
<br />260 L'.S. 3'C5. 416. 4.5 S.Ct. l.-S, l6d. t./ l..l.d.
<br />V MAIMNV.TTE COUNTY ‘ ^We .tie in 'i.iug. i "t fore.« turn:th.,i a strong publ.e desin to improve the i.viblic condition i>. not enough M vvariaiit a.-hu v.ng the dvs.ie by a shorter ent than tlic e«*nslilnlional w.iy of paying oi n
<br />change."
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<br />.iclivilies of humans.
<br />.522:
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<br />r \V,-31 in. 1.*>|. l!
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<br />J.to. 72 N.w.-M 7.5".
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<br />NAV.-M -M l. .M6;
<br />-The esereive of the power to deelare
<br />h,,vs iincoiis.nul.on.d by inf. no. eonrts
<br />o.onl.l bo carefully l.in.t. d and avoided if
<br />possible. The authorities are f. tic
<br />, I .4 k.ii.h* In Inil'i;
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<br />In I III* li* *'l*l*'
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