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Bird Checklists of the United States <br />Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge <br />Bloomingion, Minnesota <br />Like many refuges, Minnesota Valley attracts an international clientele. Nighthawks, wood <br />thrushes, all of our vireos, three-fourths of our warblers and another 32 species of landbirds <br />that use this refuge spend 9 months every year in Latin American tropical forests. You may <br />have heard that these forests are being decimated. If they disappear, so will many of "our" <br />birds. <br />Breeding and wintering areas have been identified for most North American birds. Critical <br />stopover areas are not as well known. Because of its location along one of America's main <br />migration corridors, Minnesota Valley National Wildlife Refuge helps to provide important <br />stopover habitat. Refuge managers use prescribed burns, water level manipulation, and <br />mowing to maintain prairie, marshes, and bottomland forests. This habitat matrix attracts about <br />260 bird species to the refuge each year. One hundred and twenty-one of these are known or <br />presumed to nest here. <br />Should you see species not on this list or notice changes in status, we would apprecste <br />hearing from you. <br />* - observed nesting within the refuge <br />- presumed to be nesting within the refuge but not confirmed <br />Solid lines indicate approximate taxonomic divisions by family. <br />Sp - March-May <br />S - June-August <br />F - September-November <br />W - December-February <br />a - abundant: common species that is very numerous <br />c - common: certain to be seen in suitable habitat <br />u - uncommon: present but not certain to be seen <br />o - occasional: seen only a few times during a season <br />r - rare: seen at intervals of 2 to 5 years <br />X - accidental: seen only once or twice <br />LOONS (Order Gaviiformes)Sp <br />Common Loon <br />GREBES (Order Podicipediformes)Sp <br />Pied-biJled Grebe*