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' Official Series Description - LERDAL Series Page 2 of 3 ' root channels; about 5 percent gravel, mostly shale; slightly effervescent in parts; neutral in parts and slightly alkaline in other parts; clear wavy boundary. (0 to 10 inches thick) Bk--47 to 60 inches; grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) clay loam; many fine and medium distinct light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) Fe concentrations; massive; firm; about 5 percent gravel, mostly shale; few prominent black (I OYR 2/1) clay films in root channels; common white soft limy masses; strongly effervescent; ' slightly alkaline. TYPE LOCATION: Freeborn County, Minnesota; about 6 miles northeast of Albert Lea; about 940 feet west and 48 feet north of the center of sec. 13, T. 103 N., R. 21 W.; USGS Albert Lea quadrangle; lat. 43 degrees 43 minutes 29 seconds N.; long. 93 degrees 17 minutes 57 seconds W.,NAD27 RANGE IN CHARACTERISTICS: Depth to free carbonates range from 25 to 65 inches. Gravel dominated by shale typically comprise 1 to 8 percent by volume, but they are lacking in the upper part in some pedons. The sand fraction of these soils is dominated by shale. ' The Ap or A horizon has hue of l OYR, value of 2 or 3, and chroma of 1 or 2. The E horizon, where present, has hue of l OYR, value of 3 to 5, and chroma of 1 or 2. It has redox features in some pedons. The A and E horizons are loam, silt loam, clay loam, or silty clay loam. They are slightly or moderately acid. The Bt horizon has a matrix above depths of 30 inches that mostly has hue of l OYR or 2.5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 or 2, but at least some subhorizon has chroma of 3 or 4 in 40 percent or more of the matrix. It has below depths of 30 inches hue of 2.5Y or 5Y, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 2 to 4. It ' has few to many and faint to prominent Fe depletions and concentrations. It is clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay with a B/A clay ratios of 1.2 to 1.4. It averages between 35 and 45 percent clay and from 10 to 30 percent sand at least in the upper 20 inches. It has subhorizons with as much as 55 percent ' clay in some pedons. It is moderately to very strongly acid in the upper part and moderately acid to slightly alkaline in the lower part. The Bw, Bk or C horizon has hue of 2.5Y or 5Y,value of 5 or 6, and chroma of 2 to 4. It is loam, clay loam, silty clay loam, silty clay, or clay. It commonly has few or common masses of lime in the upper part. COMPETING SERIES: These are the Bevier and Mexico series. Bevier and Mexico soils do not have free carbonates in the series control section. ' GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: Lerdal soils have plane or convex slopes on gently sloping to moderately steep or hilly glacial moraines. Slope gradients are commonly 2 to 8 percent but range from 1 to 18 percent. Lerdal soils formed in about 3 to 10 feet or more of moderately fine or fine textured clayey glacial till or flow till, high in content of shale over calcareous loam or clay loam till common to the Des Moines lobe of the Late Wisconsinan glacial stage. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 52 ' degrees F. Mean annual precipitation ranges from 28 to 32 inches. Frost-free days range from 125 to 172. Elevation above sea level ranges from 800 to 1500 feet. GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These are the Kilkenny, Mazaska, and Shields soils which are members of a hydrosequence with Lerdal soils. Moderately well drained Kilkenny soils have more convex slopes or are on higher lying terrain. The somewhat poorly drained Shields soils are on ' nearly level terrain. Poorly drained Mazaska soils are in nearby shallow depressions, swales, and low lying level areas. http://ortho.ftw.nres.usda.gov/cgi-bin/osd/osdname.cgi?-P 11/2/2004