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Nuc or Nucleus, nuclei (pl.) - a small colony that contains 2-5 frames of drawn comb (most commonly 4-5 <br /> frames), bees, brood, food, and a mated queen. <br /> • Nurse bee- a young bee, usually 2 to 10 days old, that feeds and cares for immature bees (brood). <br /> Oxalic acid - a pesticide (miticide) used to treat colonies for varroa mites <br /> Package bees- 2 to 4 lbs of worker bees, usually with a queen, in a gridded plastic cage or screen-sided <br /> wooden cage with a can of sugar syrup for food. <br /> Paralysis - a disease of adult bees caused by a virus. <br /> Parent colony- a part of a divided colony that keeps the old queen. <br /> Parthenogenesis - reproduction without fertilization. When the queen lays unfertilized eggs, they will become <br /> male (drone) bees. <br /> Pesticide- a general name for materials used to kill undesirable insects, plants, rodents and other pests. <br /> Pheromone- chemicals that affect behavior between animals of the same species. Pheromones are an <br /> important part of honey bee communication within the hive. <br /> Pollen - male sex cells, usually very small and powdery, produced in the anthers of a flower. <br /> • Pollen basket- an area on a bee's hind leg where pollen is packed and carried with help from a central spine <br /> and surrounding hairs. <br /> Pollen substitute- a mixture of ingredients such as soy flour, brewer's yeast, and dried milk that is fed to bees <br /> to stimulate brood rearing. <br /> Pollen supplement- a mixture of pollen substitute and pollen fed to bees to stimulate brood rearing. <br /> Pollination - the transfer of viable pollen from the anther, the male organ of a flower, to a receptive stigma, <br /> the female organ of a flower. In beekeeping terms, pollination often refers to the service of providing bees for <br /> pollination of crop plants. <br /> Pollination services-the use of managed bees to pollinate crops. <br /> Pollinator- an animal, such as an insect, that transfers pollen resulting in pollination. <br /> Proboscis - a bees' straw-like tongue. <br /> Propolis - plant resins collected from plants by bees to use in sealing cracks and crevices in hives; bee glue. <br /> Pupa, pupae (pl.) -the inactive third stage of an insect that goes through complete metamorphosis. <br /> Queen-cage candy- a firm mixture of powdered sugar and liquid invert sugar used in queen cages as food for <br /> iothe queen and her attendant bees.Also used as an automatic release mechanism for the bees to eat through, <br /> automatically releasing the queen from her cage without the aid of the beekeeper. <br /> Beekeeping in Northern Climates 87 <br />