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associated with the voltage of the transmission line and is measured in kilovolts per meter (kV/m). <br /> Some typical electric field strengths measured near common household appliances are presented in <br /> ' Table 9. <br /> Table 9: Typical Electric Fields (kV/m) from Common Home and Business Appliances <br /> Source Electric Field Strength (at a distance of 30 cm) <br /> ' Iron 0.12 <br /> Refrigerator 0.12 <br /> ' Toaster 0.08 <br /> Coffee machine 0.06 <br /> ' Vacuum cleaner 0.05 <br /> Source: WHO,1999. <br /> ' Transmission line electric field levels are typically greatest near the center of the line right-of-way <br /> with levels decreasing as one moves away from the central alignment. The electric field associated <br /> with a high-voltage transmission line may extend from the energized conductors to other nearby <br /> ' objects such as the ground,towers,vegetation,buildings,and vehicles. These objects are commonly <br /> referred to as "screeners". The screening effect associated with these and other objects reduce the <br /> strength of transmission line electric fields. <br /> ' On the whole,scientific evidence indicates that chronic exposure to electric fields at or below levels <br /> traditionally established for safety does not cause adverse health effects. Safety concerns related to <br /> ' electric fields are sufficiently addressed by adherence to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics <br /> Engineers (IEEE) and NESC standards. <br /> There are currently no federal guidelines on the strength of electrical fields beneath high-voltage <br /> transmission lines. However, six states have established their own regulations or guidelines with <br /> regard to transmission line electric fields (Table 10). <br /> 1 <br /> 1 <br /> Environmental Assessment <br /> PUC Docket E002/TL-11-223 Page 31 <br />