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BRAUN Descriptive Terminology of Soil
<br /> ATStandard D 2487-00
<br /> INTERTEC eyi� Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes
<br /> iii9,,,,,�;,� (Unified Soil Classification System)
<br /> Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Soils Classification Particle Size Identification
<br /> Group Names Using Laboratory Tests' Group Boulders over 12
<br /> Symbol Group Name° Cobbles 3"to 12"
<br /> o Gravels Clean Gravels C.>_4 and 1<C.< 3 c GW Well-graded gravel d Gravel
<br /> '—"a More than 50%of 5%or less fines e c d Coarse 3/4"to 3"
<br /> o c coarse fraction C.<4 and/or 1 >Cc>3 GP Poorly graded gravel Fine No.4 to 314'
<br /> rn_ m
<br /> v lij d retained on Gravels with Fines Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel d f Sand
<br /> C No.4 sieve More than 12%fines e Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravel drfl Coarse No.4 to No.10
<br /> 70.g o Medium No.10 to No.40
<br /> 133 Lc,N Sands Clean Sands C.2 6 and 1 < C <3 c SW Well-graded sand h Fine No.40 to No.200
<br /> @ 2'z 50%or more of 5%or less fines 1 C <6 and/or 1>CC>3 c SP Poorly graded sand" Silt <No.200,PI<4 or
<br /> Ai— coarse fraction below"A"line
<br /> o °' passes Sands with Fines Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sand f°"
<br /> U o Clay <No.200,PI 4 and
<br /> E No.4 sieve More than 12%' Fines dassify as CL or CH SC Clayey sand f,h on or above"A"line
<br /> L Inorganic PI>7 and plots on or above"A°line i CL Lean clay k I"'
<br /> =^ Silts and Clays g Relative Density of
<br /> ii m L+ m Liquid limit PI<4 or plots below"A°linel ML Silt C I",
<br /> in . 'm less than 50 Liquid limit-oven dried OL Organic day k I m" COhesionlesS Soils
<br /> 7, m — Organic < 0.75
<br /> c ani o Liquid limit-not dried OL Organic silt k I" ° Very loose 0 to 4 BPF
<br /> R o 01 PI plots on or above'A"line CH Fat day k I m Loose 5 to 10 BPF
<br /> of E o Silts and clays Inorganic PI plots below"A"line MH Medium dense 11 to 30 BPF
<br /> dr `o z Liquid limitElastic silt k 11° Dense 31 to 50 BPF
<br /> ti o 50 or more Organic Liquid limit-oven dried < 0.75 OH Organic day k I m° Very dense over 50 BPF
<br /> v7 Liquid limit-not dried OH Organic sift k I m a
<br /> Highly Organic Soils Primarily organic matter,dark in color and organic odor PT Peat Consistency of Cohesive Soils
<br /> a Based on the material passing the Sin(75mm)sieve. Very soft 0101 BPF
<br /> b. If field sample contained cobbles or boulders,or both,add With cobbles or boulders or both"to group name. Soft 2 to 3 BPF
<br /> c. C"= D./D10 C°=(D,0)2 Rather soft 4 to 5 BPF
<br /> Medium 6 to 8 BPF
<br /> D10 x De, Rather stiff 9 to 12 BPF
<br /> d. If soilcontains>_15%sand,add with sand'to group name.
<br /> e. Gravels with 5 to 12%fines require dual symbols: Stiff 13 to 16 BPF
<br /> GW-GM well-graded gravel with silt Very stiff 17 to 30 BPF
<br /> I GW-GC well-graded gravel with clay Hard over 30 BPF
<br /> GP-GM poorly graded gravel with silt
<br /> GP-GC poorly graded gravel with day
<br /> f. If fines classify as CL-ML,use dual symbol GC-GM or SC-SM.
<br /> g. If fines are organic,add"with organic fines'to group name.
<br /> h. If soil contains 2 15%gravel,add'With graver to group name.
<br /> i. Sands with 5to 12%fines require dual symbols: Drilling Notes
<br /> SW-SM wet-graded sand with silt
<br /> SWSC well-graded sand with day Standard penetration test borings were advanced by 3 1/4"or 6 1/4"
<br /> SP-SM poorly graded sand with silt ID hollow-stem augers unless noted otherwise,Jetting water was used
<br /> SP-SC poorly graded sand with clay to clean out auger prior to sampling only where indicated on logs.
<br /> j.
<br /> If Atterberg limits plot in hatched area,sod is a CL-ML,silty day. Standard penetration test borings are designated by the prefix"ST"
<br /> k If soil contains 10 to 29%plus No.200,add"with sand'oewith graver whichever is predominant Ssamples were taken with the standard 2"ODsplit-tube
<br /> I. If sot contains2 30%plus No.200,predominantly sand,add"sandy to group name. (Split Tube). All
<br /> in If soil contains>30%plus No.200 predominantly gravel,add'gravelly"to group name. sampler,except where noted.
<br /> n. PI 2 4 and plots on or above"A"line.
<br /> o. PI<4 or plots below"A"fine. Power auger borings were advanced by 4"or 6"diameter continuous-
<br /> p. PI plots on or above'A'line. flight,solid-stem augers.Soil classifications and strata depths were in-
<br /> q. PI plots below"A'line. ferred from disturbed samples augered to the surface and are,therefore,
<br /> somewhat approximate. Power auger borings are designated by the
<br /> 00 /- prefix"B."
<br /> i
<br /> 50 - m Hand auger borings were advanced manually with a 1 1/2"or 3 1/4"
<br /> �}ii
<br /> diameter auger and were limited to the depth from which the auger could
<br /> "J / \>ce be manually withdrawn. Hand auger borings are indicated by the prefix
<br /> E 40 0 •"i'
<br /> x oc
<br /> v • GX\ BPF: Numbers indicate blows per foot recorded in standard penetration
<br /> C 30 - test,also known as"N"value. The sampler was set 6"into undisturbed
<br /> Z, soil below the hollow-stern auger. Driving resistances were then counted
<br /> "- i for second and third 6"increments and added to get BPF. Where they
<br /> 7-1 / Off' differed significantly,they are reported in the following form:2/12 for the
<br /> ear20 , of second and third 6"increments,respectively.
<br /> a // c)' MH or OH
<br /> WH:WH indicates the sampler penetrated soil under weight of hammer
<br /> 10 - // and rods alone;driving not required.
<br /> 4 , /�fj9L MI-X/ ML or OL
<br /> 4 1 I WR: WR indicates the sampler penetrated soil under weight of rods
<br /> 0 alone;hammer weight and driving not required.
<br /> 0 10 16 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110
<br /> Liquid Limit(LL) TW indicates thin-walled(undisturbed)tube sample.
<br /> Laboratory Tests Note: All tests were run in general accordance with applicable ASTM
<br /> standards.
<br /> DO Dry density,pcf OC Organic content,%
<br /> WD Wet density, pcf S Percent of saturation,%
<br /> MC Natural moisture content, % SG Specific gravity
<br /> LL Liqiuid limit,% C Cohesion,psf
<br /> PL Plastic limit,% 0 Angle of internal friction
<br /> PI Plasticity index, % qu Unconfined compressive strength,psf
<br /> P200 %passing 200 sieve qp Pocket penetrometer strength,tsf
<br /> Rev 7/07
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