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The A or Ap horizon has hue of lOYR, value of 2 or 3 and chroma of 1 to 3. It is
<br /> typically loam or clay loam, but silt loam, sandy loam and fine sandy loam are within the
<br /> range. The reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
<br /> Some pedons have a E horizon with hue of lOYR, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 1 to 3.
<br /> It is loam, sandy loam or fine sandy loam. The reaction is moderately acid to neutral.
<br /> The Bt horizon has hue of lOYR or 2.SY, value of 4 or 5, and chroma of 3 or 4. It is clay
<br /> loam, loam, or sandy clay loam. Redoximorphic features are present in the lower part of
<br /> the Bt horizon in some pedons. The B/A clay ratios range from 1.2 to 1.4 . It is strongly
<br /> acid to slightly acid in the upper part and moderately acid to neutral in the lower part.
<br /> A Bk horizon is present in some pedons.
<br /> The BC horizon has soil color and textures similar to the Bt and C horizon respectively.
<br /> Clay films are on ped faces or root channels. The reaction is slightly acid to slightly
<br /> alkaline.
<br /> The C horizon has hue of 2.SY or lOYR, value of 4 to 6 and chroma of 3 to 5. It is loam
<br /> or clay loam. It is slightly alkaline or moderately alkaline. Redox depletions with chroma
<br /> of 2 or less are in this horizon.
<br /> COMPETING SERIES: These are the Ai�b,yle, Baltimore, Bassett, Bloomin�;, Caleb,
<br /> Do�va�iac, Dunbi-icl�;c, Gara, Koronis, Lauramie, Lester, Longlois, Lvdick, Mohawk,
<br /> Neda, Newcomer, Oneco, Orwood, Racine, Razort, Sebbo, Taopi, Wauco�na, and
<br /> Winneslliek soils. The Argyle, Baltimore, Blooming, Gara Koronis, Lester, Lydick,
<br /> Mohawk, Razort and Taopi soils do not have soil saturation in the lower third of the
<br /> series control section for more than 1 consecutive month. The Bassett, Caleb, Orwood,
<br /> and Sebbo soils do not have free carbonates above a depth of 48 inches. Dowagiac soils
<br /> have sandy outwash sediments with less than 10 percent clay in the lower third of the
<br /> series control section. Dunbridge and Winneshiek soils have sola terminated by limestone
<br /> bedrock at depths of 20 to 40 inches. Lauramie soils are dry in some parts of the soil
<br /> moisture control section for less than 60 days during the 120 days following the summer
<br /> solstice. Longlois soils have 15 to 60 percent rock fra�nents in the lower half of the
<br /> series control section. Neda and Racine soils have less than 30 percent sand in the upper
<br /> one fourth of the series control section. Newcomer, Oneco and Waucoma soils have sola
<br /> terminated by a lithic contact at depths of 40 to 60 inches.
<br /> GEOGRAPffiC SETTING: These soils have convex slopes on moraines or till plains.
<br /> Slopes range from 2 to 5 percent. They formed in calcareous, loamy glacial till of late
<br /> Wisconsin Age. Mean annual air temperature ranges from 45 to 50 degrees F. Mean
<br /> annual precipitation ranges from 25 to 32 inches. Frost-free days range from 125 to 165.
<br /> Elevation above sea level ranges from 700 to 1600 feet.
<br /> GEOGRAPHICALLY ASSOCIATED SOILS: These includes the Cordova, Dundas,
<br /> Glencoe, Hamel, Hou rll�oi�, Klc�ssnei•, and Lc Sueui• soils which formed in similar parent
<br /> materials. Poorly drained Cordova and Dundas soils are on flats and upper drainageways.
<br /> Very poorly drained Glencoe soils are in depressions and drainage channels. Poorly
<br /> drained Hamel soils are on footslopes or toeslopes. Very poorly drained Houghton and
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