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' <br /> , intent of the DNR to differentiate between for <br /> ested bottomland hardwoods and non-forested <br /> wetlands. <br /> , T e 2—Inland Fresh M <br /> yp eadows <br /> , Inland fresh meadows (Type 2) wetlands have so� that is usually without standing water during <br /> most of the growing season but is waterlogged to within at least a few inches of its siu�Face. <br /> Vegetation mcludes grasses, rushes, sedges, and various broad-leaved plants. Irr northern <br /> ' environments, typical species representatives aze carex, rushes, redtop, reedgrasses, <br /> mannagrasses, prairie cordgrass and mints. Meadows may be present in shallow lake basins, <br /> sloughs, farrnland"sags" or may border shallow rnazshes on the landward side. <br /> , Table 4 (Cowardin et al p. 28) includes within its description of Type 2 wetlands as fen and <br /> northem sedge meadow. The water regime is descnbed as saturated (B). This description, as <br /> � used by some platrt ecologists and wetland scientists, is specifically limiting and at least in some <br /> instances does not suggest that reed canary grass domanated wetlands would fall into this <br /> category. <br /> , Type 3—Inland Shallow F�esh Marshes <br /> Inla�nd shallow fi�esh marshes (Type 3) wetlands have a so� substrate that is usua.11y waterlogged <br /> ' during the growing season and at some tirnes may be covered with as much as 6 inches or more <br /> of water. Conunon vegeTation includes grasses, buhvshes, sp�kerushes, and various other ma�sh <br /> plants such as catta�7s, arrowheads, pickerelweed, and smartweeds. Cominon representatives in <br /> � the North include reed, whitetop, rice cutgrass, carex and giant burreed. Type 3 marshes ma.y <br /> nearly fill shallow lake basins or sloughs or tnay border deep marshes on the landward side. <br /> They may also occur as seep areas in agricuttural fields resulting from fai7ing draui t�e systerr�s <br /> , or where sand seams are near the surFace on h�lside slopes. <br /> Cowardin et al (Table 4, pg 28) descnbes the water regime as either seasonally flooded (C) or <br /> ' semipermanently flooded (F). The accurate categorization of Type 3 wetlands is most critical <br /> since seasonally flooded wetlands containing reed canary grass are eligble for larger de minimus <br /> fills (up to 10,000 square f�eet) than catta� marshes (only 400 square feet). The difference in <br /> ' hydrological regimes is discussed in the next section. <br /> Type 7—Wooded Swamps <br /> � Wooded swamps (Type 7) wetlands have a so� substrate that is `�vaterlogged to within a few <br /> inches of its surface" (Shaw and Fredine 1956, pg 22) during the growing season and often can <br /> be covered with as much as 1 foot of water. Type 7 wetlands often occur along the edges of <br /> ' sluggish strea�, on floodplains, on flat uplazids and in very shallow lake basins. In the North, <br /> trees mclude tamarack, arbor vitae, black spiuce, balsam, red maple, and black ash. Northern <br /> evergreen swamps frequently have a thick ground cover of mosses. Deciduous swamps <br /> ' frequently contain beds of duckweeds, smartweeds and other herbaceous plant species. <br /> Hardwood swamps frequently are associated with Type 6, shrub swamp wetlands. <br /> Table 4 (Cowardin et al 1979, pg 28) states that Type 7 wetlands include all water regimes <br /> iexcept permanently flooded. This description is inconsistent with the �re specific description <br /> of Shaw az�d Fredine (1956) that descnbe.s a Type 7 wetland as having waterlogged so�to within <br /> a few inches of the surface throughout the growing season. <br /> ' Svoboda Ecological R�sources 2180 Abin on Wa <br /> sd y <br /> Project No.2007-056-03 prono,Minnesota <br /> ' <br />